【考研类试卷】考博英语-338及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-338 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.The _ on a bank note is virtually invisible on a flat surface.（分数：0.50）A.watermelonB.watershedC.waterproofD.watermark2.While in a drunken _ he became abusive and violent and had to be restrained by hotel staff.（分数：0.50）A.stoleB.

2、stutterC.styD.stupor3.She _ at the thought of picking up the dead animal.（分数：0.50）A.whinedB.blenchedC.wreathedD.sapped4.The doctor hit me just below the knee to test my _ .（分数：0.50）A.influxesB.inflowsC.flexesD.reflexes5.The company will have to be _ if it fails to secure new loans by the end of the

3、month.（分数：0.50）A.edifiedB.telecastC.liquidatedD.ambled6.The captain was _ to sergeant for failing to fulfill his duties.（分数：0.50）A.regulatedB.promotedC.deregulatedD.demoted7.He worked as a builder in London and _ half his monthly wage to his family in the Philippines.（分数：0.50）A.refundedB.reposedC.re

4、mittedD.rebuffed8.Three dinosaurs have already been found on the _ site.（分数：0.50）A.evacuatedB.excavatedC.exhaledD.exhorted9.The company has been forced to _ 200 employees due to financial problems.（分数：0.50）A.dilapidateB.tarryC.sprawlD.jettison10.The rebel army is attempting to _ the government.（分数：0

5、.50）A.christenB.subvertC.concoctD.harrow11.Although her mind was in a _, she tried to stay calm for the sake of her children.（分数：0.50）A.solaceB.yewC.capillaryD.turmoil12.The City of London is the _ of Britains financial world.（分数：0.50）A.hubbubB.huffC.hueD.hub13.He had a _ and rushed out of the kitch

6、en just before an explosion wrecked it.（分数：0.50）A.probityB.progenitorC.premonitionD.preponderance14.In a bold promotional _ for the movie, he smashed his car into a passing truck.（分数：0.50）A.aerobicsB.adobeC.sodD.stunt15.She went into a deep _ after taking an overdose of sleeping pills.（分数：0.50）A.can

7、onB.cannonC.commaD.coma16.The book would have been more useful if a _ of technical terms and abbreviation had been included.（分数：0.50）A.gibbonB.glutC.glucoseD.glossary17.The Canadian flag has a _ leaf on it.（分数：0.50）A.maneB.margarineC.mapleD.mango18.The stadium has been specifically designed as a _ f

8、or European Cup matches.（分数：0.50）A.vetB.verdureC.venueD.venison19.The meaning of some _ forms of writing is not always well understood to-day.（分数：0.50）A.archaicB.quaintC.titanicD.mercantile20.Sometimes my husband _ so loudly, it keeps me awake at night.（分数：0.50）A.snarlsB.snoresC.snortsD.smolders二、Pa

9、rt Cloze(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Dinosaurs were reptiles which became extinct about 65 million years ago. The most intriguing question about dinosaurs has always been “ (21) did they die out?“ There is no simple answer to this question, (22) many hundreds of scientists are studying the problem. They are not

10、studying the extinction of the dinosaurs (23) , but the whole question of extinction. Many other plants and animals have (24) in the past, and it is important to understand (25) this happened. Having this information could help save many species that are (26) in the modern world. Humans are causing

11、extinctions now, because of pollution and other damage (27) the environment. Maybe the dinosaurs can tell us how to save the earth today, (28) their extinction 65 million years ago! Some of the early dinosaur scientists, 100 years ago, thought the dinosaurs died out because the (29) changed, and the

12、y could not breathe. Others thought that the dinosaurs disappeared simply because they became too big.They were (30) to move and could not find enough food (31) One theory is that a huge killer meteorite (32) the earth. Some scientists (33) that the extinction of dinosaurs was possibly due to rapid

13、(34) of the planets climate. Perhaps huge amounts of lava pours out of volcanoes in India. This sent up vast (35) of dust that blacked out the sun, and made the earth icy cold.（分数：15.00）A.whenB.whyC.howD./A.asB.becauseC.even ifD.even thoughA.themselvesB.by themselvesC.aloneD.onlyA.wiped outB.elimina

14、tedC.been extinctedD.died outA.how and whyB.when and whyC.how and whenD.why and whenA.at dangerB.under threatC.dangerousD.threateningA.toB.forC.withD.inA.as forB.sinceC.afterD.because ofA.lifeB.gasC.airD.surroundingsA.so heavyB.too heavyC.heavy enoughD.heavy asA.for eatingB.to haveC.to surviveD.for

15、lifeA.knockedB.hitC.collapsedD.crashedA.expressedB.consideredC.insistedD.heldA.coolingB.coldingC.warmingD.heatingA.amountsB.crowdsC.cloudsD.spread三、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：5.00)As women demonstrate a growing appetite for consumer tech product

16、s, retailers and manufacturers are still only beginning to cater to this potentially huge reservoir of customers. High-tech businesses and electronics retailers are changing store designs, increasing their marketing toward women, focusing on gadget accessories and boosting advertising in womens maga

17、zines-all in a pitch to get women to walk the aisles and walk out with cell phones, MP3 players and plasma televisions.To draw women in, stores have been turning down the music, changing the color schemes and adding staff trained to meet womens needs. Radio Shack has gussied up its gray and black de

18、cor with bright purple, orange and green at its newer stores. Aisles have been widened and the product arrangements redone to make the place look less like a cluttered electronics hardware store. The company also has put more women on the sales floor. “The store doesnt feel like a mens club anymore,

19、“ said Charles Hodges, a spokesman for Radio Shack. “Now women can walk in and be helped by women just as knowledgeable as guys.“ Most technology manufacturers have few women among their top executives, and that translates into the kinds of products on the shelves and the way they are marketed, acco

20、rding to Quinlan, author of “Just Ask a Woman-cracking the Code of What Women Want and How They Buy“. Few devices-iPods and Palm handheld computers are among the exceptions-tap into a womans sense of style, she said. “Design is key-attractive, holdable, showable design.“ she said.Women often are swa

21、yed to buy a product for reasons far different than those that drive men. They will choose a gadget not because they want to be a pioneer but be-cause they and their friends have discovered the usefulness of the thing. “Where men like to be the only one with a product, women like to bring more of he

22、r friends into their find-they want to share the good news of whats working for them,“ Quinlan said. But friends are only one of the ways that women are discovering whats important to them when it comes to tech. Theres also a growing number of outside influences-product-specific or trend articles in

23、 magazines that target women of all ages, for example. Recently, Radio Shack worked with Seventeen magazines-known for its fashion, beauty and relationship features for young women-on a story about MP3 players.（分数：5.00）(1).Whats the main idea of the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Women would rather shop in a ca

24、lmer, colorful environment.B.The manufacturers realized their wrong ways of catering to women.C.The tech retailers and manufactures are reaching out to women.D.The shopping for a woman is more practical than it is for a man.(2).The expression “reservoir of customers“ (Line 2, Par（分数：1.00）A.1) most p

25、robably refers to _ .A. the diversity of customersB. the potential marketC. the short of customersD. the lack of stockage(3).Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage to be helpful to attract the _ female consumers?（分数：1.00）A.The stores environment.B.The design of the product.C.Personal

26、 shopping assistants.D.Female sales clerks.(4).By saying “Design is key-attractive, holdable, showable design.“ Quinlan means _ .（分数：1.00）A.most products designs are not successfulB.there should be more female executivesC.women like the face-saving productsD.the manufactures should focus on design(5

27、).Women are swayed to buy a product probably because _ .（分数：1.00）A.their friends have offered too many dizzy choicesB.they are confused by the sales clerks introductionC.they are searching for the newest and coolest thingD.the trend articles in magazines are not specific enough六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数

28、：5.00)Bedbugs, stealthy and fast-moving nocturnal creatures that were all but eradicated by DDT after World War , have recently been found in hospital maternity wards, private schools and even a plastic surgeons waiting room. Bedbugs are back and spreading like a swarm of locusts on a lush field of

29、wheat. “Its becoming an epidemic,“ said Jeffrey Eisenberg, the owner of Pest Away Exterminating, a business that receives about 125 bedbug calls a week, compared with just a handful five years ago. Last year the city logged 377 bedbug violations, up from just 2 in 2002 and 16 in 2003. Since July, th

30、ere have been 449. “Its definitely a fast-emerging problem,“ said Carol Abrams, spokeswoman for the city housing agency.In the bedbug resurgence, entomologists and exterminators blame increased immigration from the developing world, the advent of cheap international travel and the recent banning of

31、powerful pesticides. Other culprits include the recycled mattress industry and those thrifty citizens who revel in the discovery of a free sofa on the sidewalk. Unlike mice and roaches, which are abetted by filthy surroundings, bedbugs do just fine in a well-scrubbed home. And they dont dwell just i

32、n mattresses and box springs: any wall or floor crack-the thickness of a playing card-can accommodate a bedbug. The modern bedbug is immune to insecticides, and setting off a cockroach bomb in the bedroom will only scatter them farther afield. And because they are active only at night, many people d

33、ont discover them until their population has grown into the hundreds, or even thousands. Exterminators recommend bagging and washing every bit of clothing and fabric in the room and taking apart bureau drawers and bed frames in preparation for the application of four kinds of chemicals. The process

34、often needs to be repeated.Worst of all, bedbug sufferers say, is the stigma of living with an insect that feeds on blood-though it does not transmit disease-and leaves behind a trail of red bumps. In interviews with more than a dozen bedbug sufferers, only a handful would speak on the record, sayin

35、g they feared the condemning glares of neighbors or the shunning of co-workers. A bedbug infestation, many say, puts a strain on relationships, all but ruling out staying the night. Kellianne Scanlan, 30, a hairstylist who lives in Washington Heights, has been living like a nomad since last month. “

36、My life has become all about bedbugs.“ she said. To calm her friends and to ensure that she does not spread the bugs, she takes an extra set of clothing and changes when she arrives at their homes for overnight visits.（分数：5.00）(1).Whats the main idea of the opening paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.People are be

37、ing tortured by the bedbugs all the way.B.The resurgence of bedbugs is serious and bothersome.C.Infestations of bedbugs have been reported sporadically.D.People begin to hire exterminators to treat bedbugs.(2).What should not be blamed for the resurgence of bedbugs?（分数：1.00）A.The governmental policy

38、 of forbidding certain pesticides.B.The increased immigration from the developing countries.C.The recycled mattress industry and frugal dwellers.D.The dirty surroundings in a home and in the publi(3).By saying “bedbugs do just fine in a well-scrubbed home“ (Lines 5 -6, Par（分数：1.00）A.2) the author su

39、ggests _ .A. stopping cleaning rooms because its uselessB. making the room more dirty to stop bedbugsC. the difficulty to solve the bedbug problemD. the strange habitat of bedbugs(4).The bedbug victims hate to speak publicly most probably because _ .（分数：1.00）A.they are exhausted due to staying upB.t

40、hey feel disgusted when talking of bedbugC.they are afraid of being alienated by othersD.they dont want to transfer bedbugs to others(5).By mentioning Kellianne Scanlan the author wants to tell us _ .（分数：1.00）A.the psychological damage is probably the worst thing about bedbugsB.bedbugs have led to s

41、evere result of breaking the love and relationshipsC.the sufferers feeling of inconvenience to have bedbugs living in their homeD.changing clothes frequently is helpful to exterminate the spreading of bedbugs七、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：5.00)An ethics crisis at one of the worlds most successful human em

42、bryonic stem cell laboratories has plunged the controversial field of research into a new swirl of uncertainty. The accusations surrounding Korean cloning expert Woo Suk Hwang of Seoul National University-the first scientist to grow stem cells inside cloned human embryos-has already killed a spate o

43、f planned studies that sought to prove the cells medical potential. The claims that Hwang may have obtained human eggs for his studies from women who felt pressured to donate are also reigniting a long-smoldering debate in the United States over the ethics of paying young women for their eggs, which

44、 are difficult to obtain but essential to the production of stem cells tailored to individuals.Egg donation, which is generally safe but occasionally leads to serious and even life-threatening complications, has been a wedge issue in the stem cell debates, linking feminists and other liberal thinker

45、s to conservatives who favor tighter limits on stem cell research. “Were in danger of making women into guinea pigs for this research even before there are any treatments to be tested,“ said Marcy Darnovsky, associate director of the Center for Genetics and Society in Oakland, Calif. “We really need

46、 clear rules that someone is enforcing.“With current techniques, it takes dozens of eggs to make a single cloned human embryo, which is destroyed in the process of extracting the stem cells. That means that if the field of therapeutic cloning is to advance-a field involving the creation of cloned em

47、bryos as sources of stem cells that would be genetically matched to particular patients-a significant number of eggs will be needed both to fuel the initial research and eventually to satisfy the demands of patients. Scientists at Advanced Cell Technology of Worcester, Mass. , made the decision to p

48、ay women only after a long analysis by an ethics board created by the company, said scientific director Robert Lanza. He still thinks it is the right way to go, Lanza said, given the painful injections involved, the uncomfortable egg suction procedure, and the approximately 5 percent chance of a ser

49、ious case of hormonal over-stimulation, which can require hospitalization. Others say such payments cannot help but be coercive, especially for poor women who might feel compelled to take on those risks just to make ends meet. In April, the National Academies, chartered by Congress to advise the nation on matters of science, released a report that recommended against payments for human eggs beyond expenses incurre