【考研类试卷】MBA联考英语-29及答案解析.doc

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1、MBA 联考英语-29 及答案解析(总分：105.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Vocabulary(总题数：1，分数：10.00)More than forty thousand readers told us what they looked for in close friendships, what they expected (1) friends, what they were willing to give in (2) , and how satisfied they were (3) the quality of their friendships. The

2、 (4) give little comfort to social critics.Friendship (5) to be a unique form of (6) bonding. Unlike marriage or the ties that (7) parents and children, it is not defined or regulated by (8) . Unlike other social roles that we are expected to (9) as citizens, employees, members of professional socie

3、ties and (10) organizationsit has its own principle, which is to promote (11) of warmth, trust, love, and affection (12) two people.The survey on friendship appeared in the March (13) of Psychology Today. The findings (14) that issues of trust and betrayal are (15) to friendship. They also suggest t

4、hat our readers do not (16) for friends only among those who are (17) .like them, but find many (18) differ in race, religion, and ethnic background. Arguably the most important (19) that emerges from the data, (20) , is not something that we foundbut what we did not.（分数：10.00）(1).A. to B. for C. of

5、 D. on（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. return B. reply C. addition D. turn（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. about B. with C. of D. by（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. effects B. expectations C. results D. consequences（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. appears B. feels C. leads D. sounds（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. civil B. human C. mankind D.i

6、ndividuals（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. attach B. attract C. control D. bind（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. rule B. discipline C. law D. regulation（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. play B. keep C. show D. do（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. those B. all C. any D. other（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. interests B. feelings C. friendship D.

7、impressions（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. on B. in C. for D. between（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. print B. copy C. issue D. publication（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. confirm B. resolve C. assure D. secure（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. main B. central C. neutral D. nuclear（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. ask B. appeal C. call D. l

8、ook（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. more B. less C. most D. least（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. friends B. what C. people D. who（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. summary B. decision C. conclusion D. claim（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. yet B. still C. moreover D. however（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part

9、A(总题数：4，分数：40.00)Text 1Its hard to say for sure what the next big thing will be, but these items made the list of 10 emerging technology trends that will change the world, according to the January issue of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Magazine Technology Review.“We were looking for thin

10、gs that were just emerging now and over the next five years would begin to have a major impact“, David Rotman, the magazines deputy editor, said Thursday.Some of the items have been on the verge of widespread use for quite some time, such as biometrics and speech recognition. Others chosen by the MI

11、T magazine editors are topics that most people have never heard of, such as microphotonics and microfluidics.The magazine focused on developments in three areas: information technology, nanotechnology and biotechnology.One significant area in biotechnology, the magazine highlights, is work on brain-

12、machine interfaces that could someday allow people to control artificial devices that replace lost functions. Today, research is more limited, with scientists able to take signals from individual neurons in an animals brain and send them to a robot that can turn the signals into motion. But the pote

13、ntial is huge, according to Duke University neurobiologist Miguel Nicolelis.“Imagine if someone could do for the brain what the pacemaker did for the heart.“ Nicolelis told the MIT journal.In the purely digital realm, the magazine suggests that the field of robotics could be poised to move beyond th

14、e restricted market of Performing simple, highly repetitive tasks.“Robot builders make a convincing case that in 2001, robots are where personal computers were in 1980“, writes Technology Review senior editor David Talbot, “poised to break into the marketplace as common corporate tools and routine c

15、onsumer products performing lifes tedious chores.“Until now the problem has been that robots have been costly and difficult to design. One approach that the magazine highlights is the work of Brandeis University researcher Jordan Pollack, who builds robots that can build other robots.（分数：10.00）(1).T

16、he proper title of this passage can be_.A. Things that May Change the WorldB. The Ten Emerging Technological Trends that May Change the Future WorldC. What Great Changes Will Happen in the Near Future WorldD. A Brief Prediction for the Technological Research Trends（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the f

17、ollowing changes will brain-machine interfaces bring about according to the passage?A. They will be able to make human beings interact with artificial world inherently.B. They can make human brain work like a robot.C. They will make the thinking machine of human beings lose its own identities.D. The

18、y will sooner or later get human beings under control of the artificial world（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The central topic of this magazine article is_.A. the potential uses of microfluidics and microphotonicsB. the possible exploration of information technology, nanotechnology and biotechnologyC. the rese

19、arch of some quite promising technologies, such as biometrics and speech recognitionD. database-mining technologies（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following is to help reduce the cost of designing robots?A. Make robots with brain machine interfaces.B. Make robots capable of making other robots.C.

20、Make robots working in a 1980s computer case.D. Make robots do only repetitive tedious jobs.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The verb “highlight“ in Line 2, Paragraph 8 is used to mean_.A. emphasize B. light upC. pay attention to D. bring light on（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.Text 2The health-care economy is replete with un

21、usual and even unique economic relationships. One of the least understood involves the peculiar roles of producer or “provider“ and purchaser or “consumer“ in the typical doctor-patient relationship, in most sectors of the economy, it is the seller who attempts to attract a potential buyer with vari

22、ous inducements of price, quality, and utility, and it is the buyer who makes the decision. Where circumstances permit the buyer no choice because there is effectively only one seller and the product is relatively essential, government usually asserts monopoly and places the industry under price and

23、 other regulations. Neither of these conditions prevails in most of the health-care industry.In the health-care industry, the doctor-patient relationship is the mirror image of the ordinary relationship between producer and consumer. Once an individual has chosen to see a physician and even then the

24、re may be no real choice-it is the physician who usually makes all significant purchasing decisions: whether the patient should return “next Wednesday“, whether X-rays are needed, whether drugs should be prescribed, etc. It is a rare and sophisticated patient who will challenge such professional dec

25、isions or raise in advance questions about price, especially when the ailment is regarded as serious.This is particularly significant in relation to hospital care. he physician must certify the need for hospitalization, determine what procedures will be performed, and announce when the patient may b

26、e discharged. The patient may be consulted about some of these decisions, but in the main it is the doctors judgments that are final. Little wonder then that in the systems of the hospital it is the physician who is the real “consumer“. As a consequence, the medical staff represents the“ power cente

27、r“ in hospital policy and decision-making, not the administration.Although usually there are in this situation four identifiable participantsthe physician, the hospital, the patient, and the payer (generally an insurance carrier or government)the physician makes the essential decisions for all of th

28、em. The hospital becomes an extension of the physician; the payer generally meets most of the real bills generated by the physician/hospital; and for the most part the patient plays a passive role. In routine or minor illnesses, or just plain worries, the patients options are, of course, much greate

29、r with respect to use and price. In illnesses that are of some significance, however, such choices tend to evaporate, and it is for these illnesses that the bulk of the health-care dollar is spent. We estimate that about 75-80 percent of health-care expenditures are determined by physicians, not pat

30、ients. For this reason, economy measures directed at patients or the general public are relatively ineffective.（分数：10.00）(1).It can be inferred that doctors are able to determine hospital policies because_.A. it is doctors who generate income for the hospitalB. most of a patients bills are paid by h

31、is health insuranceC. hospital administrators lack the expertise to question medicalD. a doctor is ultimately responsible for a patients health（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The more serious the illness of a patient, _.A. the more likely it is that the patient will question the cost of the services.B. the les

32、s likely it is that the insurance carrier will pay the cost of the treatment.C. the less likely it is that the patient will object to the course of treatment prescribed.D. the more responsibilities the government will assume through monopoly.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The doctors stand at the power center

33、 in health-care industry because_.A. they offer consumers no free choiceB. the patients are never consulted in the treatment prescribedC. they are real consumers of the hospitalD. they formulate the policies for the hospital（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The author is most probably leading up to_.A. a proposa

34、l to control medical costsB. a discussion of new medical treatmentC. a study of lawsuits against doctors forD. a comparison of hospitals and factories（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The author suggests that in the health-care industry_.A. patients bill of rights are seriously violatedB. government should asser

35、t monopoly over pricesC. doctor-patient relationship has been seriously reversedD. economy measures should be directed at doctors（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.Text 3In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic management in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in t

36、he machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and “human-relations“ experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and that he is bored w

37、ith it. In fact, the blue and the white-collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.The worker and employee are anxious, not only because they might find themselves out of a job; they are anxious also because they are unable to

38、acquire any real satisfaction or interest in life. They live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings.Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less

39、 empty than those of their subordinates. They are even more insecure in some respects. They are in a highly competitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matter of self-respect. When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as we

40、ll as for the right mixture of submissiveness and independence. From that moment on they are tested again and againby the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors, who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etc. This constant need to prove that one

41、 is as good as or better than ones fellow-competitor creates constant anxiety and stress, the very causes of unhappiness and illness.Am I suggesting that we should return to the preindustrial mode of production or to nineteenth century “free enterprise“ capitalism? Certainly not. Problems are never

42、solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown. I suggest transforming our social system for a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialitie

43、sthose of love and of reasonare the aims of all social arrangements. Production and consumption should serve only as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man.（分数：10.00）(1).By “a well-oiled cog in the machinery“ the author intends to render the idea that man is_.A. a necessary part

44、of the society though each individuals function is negligibleB. working in complete harmony with the rest of the societyC. an unimportant part in comparison with the rest of the society, though functioning smoothlyD. a humble component of the society, especially when working smoothly（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D

45、.(2).The real cause of the anxiety of the workers and employees is that_.A. they are likely to lose their jobsB. they have no genuine satisfaction or interest in lifeC. they are faced with the fundamental realities of human existenceD. they are deprived of their individuality and independence（分数：2.0

46、0）A.B.C.D.(3).From the passage we can infer that real happiness of life belongs to those_.A. who are at the bottom of the societyB. who are higher up in their social statusC. who prove better than their fellow-competitorsD. who could keep far away from this competitive world（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).To s

47、olve the present social problems the author suggests that we should_.A. resort to the production mode of our ancestorsB. offer higher wages to the workers and employeesC. enable man to fully develop his potentialitiesD. take the fundamental realities for granted（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The authors attit

48、ude towards industrialism might best be summarized as one of_.A. approval B. dissatisfaction C. suspicion D. tolerance（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.Text 4I had an experience some years ago which taught me something about the ways in which people make a bad situation worse by blaming themselves. One January, I ha

49、d to officiate at two funerals on successive days for two elderly women in my community. Both had died out “full of years,“ as the Bible would say; both yielded to the normal wearing out of the body after a long and full life. Their homes happened to be near each other, so I paid condolence calls on the two families on the same afternoon.At the first home, the son of the deceased woman said to me. “If only I had sent my mother to Florida and gotten her out of this cold and snow, she would be alive today: