【考研类试卷】GCT工程硕士（英语）-试卷52及答案解析.doc

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1、GCT工程硕士（英语）-试卷 52及答案解析(总分：134.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary and Struc(总题数：11，分数：22.00)1.Part I Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are ten incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your a

2、nswer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：2.00）_2.To speed_ your entry, please bring your Admission Card with you.（分数：2.00）A.upB.onC.cutD.down3.During the past years the _of automobile accidents in New York City has decreased.（分数：2.00）A.degreeB.quantityC.numberD.amount4.Bec

3、oming aware of our mother“s age, not just in numbers of years but _her psychological and physical state, often helps us to understand her better.（分数：2.00）A.in spite ofB.on account ofC.in terms ofD.by means of5._in a simple style, the book clearly describes the author“s childhood experiences in a sma

4、ll town.（分数：2.00）A.WritingB.To be writtenC.Being writtenD.Written6.Undoubtedly,_ wins the election is going to have a tough job getting the economy back on its feet（分数：2.00）A.anyoneB.whoC.whoeverD.everyone7.The parents were much kinder to their youngest child than they were to the other, _, of cours

5、e, made the others jealous.（分数：2.00）A.whichB.thatC.whatD.who8.John“s mindless_ concealed a warm and kindhearted nature.（分数：2.00）A.appearanceB.personalityC.outlookD.temper9.With temperature_ so rapidly, we could not go on with the experiment.（分数：2.00）A.fellB.fallC.fallingD.fallen10.As college teacher

6、s, they enjoy talking about their own_.（分数：2.00）A.problemsB.experiencesC.interestsD.fields11.A good employer gives _to his or her employees without interfering with their creativity.（分数：2.00）A.freedomB.assistanceC.cluesD.funds二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：5，分数：50.00)12.Part II Reading ComprehensionDire

7、ctions: In this part there are four passages, each followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：10.00）_The differences in liv

8、ing standards around the world are vast. In 1993, the average American had an income of about $25,000. In the same year, the average Mexican earned $7,000, and the average Nigerian earned $1,500. Not surprisingly, this large variation in average income is reflected in various measures of the quality

9、 of life. Changes in living standards over time are also large. In the United States, incomes have historically grown about 2 percent per year (after adjusting for changes in the cost of living). At this rate, average income doubles every 35 years. In some countries, economic growth has been even mo

10、re rapid. In Japan, for instance, average income has doubled in the past 20 years, and in South Korea it has doubled in the past 10 years. What explains these large differences in living standards among countries and over time? The answer is surprisingly simple Almost all variation in living standar

11、ds is attributable to differences in countries“ productivitythat is, the amount of goods and services produced from each hour of a worker“s time. In nations where workem can produce a large quantity of goods and services per unit of time, most people enjoy a high standard of living; in nations where

12、 workers are less productive, most people must endure a more meager existence. Similarly, the growth rate of a nation“s productivity determines the growth rate of its average income. The fundamental relationship between productivity and living standards is simple, but its implications are far-reachi

13、ng. If productivity is the primary determinant of living standards, uther explanations must be of secondary importance. For example, people might think that labor unions or minimum-wage laws contributed to the rise in living standards of American workers over the past century. Yet the real hero of A

14、merican workers is their rising productivity. The relationship between productivity and living standards also has great implications for public policy. When thinking about how any policy will affect living standards, the key question is how it will affect our ability to produce goods and services. T

15、o improve living standards, policymakers need to raise productivity by ensuring that workers are well educated, have the tools needed to produce goods and services, and have access to the best available technology.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following countries has enjoyed the fastest economic growth

16、 in history?（分数：2.00）A.Mexico.B.The United States.C.Japan.D.South Korea.(2).The word “meager“ in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to“_“.（分数：2.00）A.modestB.poorC.meaninglessD.plentiful(3).What is the most important factor that leads to the rise in living standards of average people?（分数：2.00

17、）A.Labor unions.B.Minimum-wage laws.C.Rising productivity.D.Favorable public policy.(4).The study of the relationship between productivity and living standards is significant in that _.（分数：2.00）A.it calls policymakers“ attention to a qualified work forceB.it encourages workers to get better educatio

18、nC.it helps improve the workers“ ability to produce goods and servicesD.it enables policymakers to access the latest technology(5).The passage mainly discusses _.（分数：2.00）A.the differences in average income among countriesB.the relationship between productivity and living standardsC.the causes of th

19、e rise in living standardsD.the importance of raising productivityAt the end of the U.S. Civil War, about four million slaves were freed. Now, people around the world can hear some of the former slaves“ stories for the first time ever, as told in their own voices. “That was inslavery time“, says Cha

20、rlie Smith in one interview. “They sold the colored people. And they were bringing them from Africa. They brought me from Africa. I was a child“. The Library of Congress released the collection of recordings, Voices from the Days of Slavey, in January. The recorrdings were made between 1932 and 1975

21、. Speaking at least 60 years after their emancipation(解放), the story teller discuss their experiences as slaves. They also tell about their lives as free men and women. Isom Moseley was just a boy at the time of emancipation, but he recalls that things were slow to change. “It was a year before the

22、folks knowed they was free“, he says. Michael Taft, the head of the library“s archive of folk culture, says the recordings reveal something that written stores cannot. “The power of hearing someone speak is so much greater than reading something from the page“, Taft says. “It“s how something is said

23、the dialect, the low pitches, the pausesthat helps tell the story“.（分数：10.00）(1).What is new about the slaves stories?（分数：2.00）A.They are told in the slaves own voices.B.People travel around the world to hear them.C.Colored people were sold.D.They happened in the slavery time.(2).What is the title o

24、f the collection of recordings?（分数：2.00）A.The End of the U.S. Civil War.B.The Libray of Congress.C.Voices from the Days of Slavery.D.The Recordings of Written Staries.(3).How many years did it take to complete the connection of recordings?（分数：2.00）A.26 years.B.33 years.C.44 years.D.57 years.(4).What

25、 do the storyteller tell us about?（分数：2.00）A.How they were brought to the United States from Africa.B.The release of the collection of recordings.C.What happened 60 years after their emancipation?D.Their experiences as slates and their lives as free men and women.(5).The recordings differ from writt

26、en stories in that（分数：2.00）A.the tellers and the government are contributing togetherB.the dialect, the low pitches, and the pauses are more revealingC.the hearing and reading can help tell the storiesD.the power of watching someone write is more engagingNowadays, we hear a lot about the growing thr

27、eat of globalization, accompanied by those warnings that the rich pattern of local life is being undermined, and many dialects and traditions are becoming extinct. But stop and think for a moment about the many positive aspects that globalization is bringing. Read on and you are bound to feel comfor

28、ted, ready to face the global future, which is surely inevitable now. Consider the Internet, that prime example of our shrinking world. Leaving aside the all-to-familiar worries about pornography and political extremism, even the most narrow-minded must, admit that the net offers immeasurable benefi

29、ts, not just in terms of education, the sector for which it was originally designed, but more importantly on a global level, the spread of news and comment. It will be increasingly difficult for politicians to maintain their regimes of misinformation, as the oppressed will not only find support and

30、comfort, but also be able to organize themselves more effectively. MTV is another global provider that is often criticized for imposing popular calture on the unsuspecting millions around the world. Yet the viewers judgement on MTV is undoultedly positive; it is regarded as in- dispensable by most o

31、f the global teenage generation who watch it, a vital part of growing up. And in the final analysis, what harm can a few songs and videos cause? Is the world dominance of brands like Nike and Coca-Cola so bad for us when all is said and done? Sportswear and soft drinks are harmless products when com

32、pared to the many other things that have been globally available for a longer period of timeheroin and cocaine, for example. In any case, just because Nike shoes and Coke cans are for sale, it doesn“t mean you have to buy themeven globalization cannot deprive the individnal of his free will. Critics

33、 of globalization can stop issning their doom and gloom statements. Life goes on, and has more to offer for many citizens of the world than it did for their parents“ generatiorn.（分数：10.00）(1).Some people feel sad about globalization because they believe it will _.（分数：2.00）A.bring throat to the world

34、 peaceB.impact the diversified local lifeC.disrupt their present easy lifestyleD.increase the size of people speaking dialects(2).Internet was originally designed _.（分数：2.00）A.to promote educationB.to distribute news and commentC.to relieve people of worriesD.to publicize political beliefs(3).What i

35、s the writer“s attitude towards globalization?（分数：2.00）A.Suspicioas.B.Positive.C.Indifferent.D.Contemptuous.(4).It is implied in the passage that Nike and Coca-cola _.（分数：2.00）A.should not become dominant brandsB.have been ignored by many peopleC.cannot be compared with drugsD.shouldn“t have caused

36、so much concern(5).Which of the follwoing could be the best title of the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Globalization Is Standardization.B.Globalization: Like It or Lump It.C.Globalization: Don“t Worry, Be Happy.D.Globalization Brings Equality.Many things make people think artists are weird and the weirdest may

37、 be this: artists“ only job is to explore emotions, and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad. This wasn“t always so. The earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited for ex- pressing ioy. But somewhere in the 19th century, more artists began seeing happiness as

38、 insipid, phony or, worst of all, boring as we went from Wordsworth“s daffodils to Baudelaire“s flowers of evil. You could argue that art became more skeptical of happiness because modern times have seen such misery. But it“s not as if earlier times didn“t know perpetual war, disaster and the massac

39、re of innocents. The reason, in fact, may be just the opposite: there is too much damn happiness in the world today. After all, what is the one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness? Advertising. The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of

40、 mass media, and with it, a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology. People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery. They worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. In the West, before mass communication and literacy, the most

41、 powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in peril and that they would someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too. Today the messages your average Westerner is bombarded with are not religious but com

42、mercial, and forever happy. Fast-food eaters, news anchors, text messengers, all smiling, smiling. Our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes. And since these messages have an agendato lure us to open our wallets to make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable.

43、“Celebrate!“ commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex, before we found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks. What we forgetwhat our economy depends on is forgettingis that happiness is more than pleasure without pain. The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest pote

44、ntial for loss and disappointment. Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need someone to tell us as religion once did, Memento mori: remember that you wiI1 die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. It“s a message even more bitter tha

45、n a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air.（分数：10.00）(1).By citing the example of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire, the author intends to show that _.（分数：2.00）A.Poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or music.B.Art grow out of both positive and negative feeling.C.Poets today are

46、 less skeptical of happiness.D.Artist have changed their focus of interest.(2).The word “bummer“(Line 4, Paragraph 5) most probably means something _.（分数：2.00）A.religiousB.unpleasantC.entertainingD.commercial(3).In the anthor“s opinion, advertising_.（分数：2.00）A.emerges in the wake of the anti-happy p

47、artB.is a cause of disappointment for the general peerC.replace the church as a major source of informationD.creates an illusion of happiness rather than happiness itself(4).We can learn from the last paragraph that the author believes _.（分数：2.00）A.happiness more often than not ends in sadness.B.the

48、 anti-happy art is distasteful by refreshing.C.misery should be enjoyed rather than denied.D.the anti-happy art flourishes when economy booms.(5).Which of the following is true of the text?（分数：2.00）A.Religion once functioned as a reminder of misery.B.Art provides a balance between expectation and re

49、ality.C.People feel disappointed at the realities of morality.D.Mass media are inclined to cover disasters and deaths.三、Cloze(总题数：2，分数：40.00)13.Part III ClozeDirections: There are ten blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mar