银行系统招聘考试(英语)历年真题试卷汇编7及答案解析.doc
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1、银行系统招聘考试(英语)历年真题试卷汇编 7及答案解析(总分:72.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、阅读理解(总题数:2,分数:16.00)The entrepreneur,according to French economist JBSay,“is a person who shifts economic resources out of an area of lower and into an area of higher productivity and yield”But Says definition does not tell us who this entrepreneur i
2、sSome define the entrepreneur simply as one who starts his or her own new and small businessFor our purposes,we will define the entrepreneur as a person who takes the necessary risks to organize and manage a business and receives the financial profits and nonmonetary rewards The man who opens a smal
3、l pizza restaurant is in business,but is he an entrepreneur? He took a risk and did something,but did he shift resources or start the business? If the answer is yes,then he is considered an entrepreneurRay Kroc is an example of an entrepreneur because he founded and established MCDonaldsHis hamburge
4、rs were not a new idea,but he applied new techniques,resource allocations,and organizational methods in his ventureRay Kroc upgraded the productivity and yield from the resources applied to create his fast-food chainThis is what entrepreneurs do;this is what entrepreneurship means Many of the sharp,
5、black-and-white contrasts between the entrepreneur and the professional have faced to a gray colorFormerly,professionals such as doctors,lawyers,dentists,and accountants were not supposed to be entrepreneurialaggressive。or market orientedThey were“above”the market-driven worldEntrepreneurs,on the ot
6、her hand,were the mavericks of societyThey were risk-takers who aggressively sought to make something happenLong hours were about all the two worlds had in commonHowever,increased competition,saturated markets,and a more priceconscious public have changed the world of the professionalsToday they nee
7、d to market their skills,talents,and competencies;Lawyers advertise their servicesDoctors specialize in one form of surgeryAccounting firms join with other businesses(eg,consulting and law)to serve clients Entrepreneurs exhibit many different behaviors;searching for a specific personality pattern is
8、 very difficultSome entrepreneurs are quiet,introverted,and analyticalOn the other hand,some are brash,extroverted,and very emotionalMany of them share some qualitiesViewing change as the norm,entrepreneurs usually search for it,respond to it,and treat it as an opportunityAn entrepreneur such as Ray
9、 Kroc of MCDonalds is able to take resources and shift them to meet a needMaking the decision to shift resources works better if a person is creative,experienced,and confident(分数:6.00)(1).According to the first paragraph,who can be regarded as an entrepreneur?(分数:2.00)A.The CEO of a big companyB.The
10、 owner of a profitable restaurantC.A man who started a new kind of business but eventually failed after 5 years because of some financial problemsD.A successful salesman(2).Which of the followings are necessary for an entrepreneur? a resource shifter one who starts a new business non-professional mo
11、neygaining a risk taker(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.(3).From the text,we learn that_(分数:2.00)A.an entrepreneur should be very extrovertedB.an entrepreneur should be quick to seize opportunitiesC.change is not norm in an entrepreneurs eyesD.the French economist JBSay is the first person who gave the definition o
12、f“entrepreneur”The term“joint international business venture”,joint venture for short,has come to mean many things to many peopleIt sometimes is taken to mean any joint relationship between one or more foreign firms and one or more local firmsSuch a broad definition is excluded hereJoint venture wil
13、l be taken to mean joint ownership of an operation in which at least one of the partners is foreign based Joint ventures can take many formsA foreign firm may take a majority share,a minority share,or an equal share in ownershipWhile it is not necessary to have financial control or to have operating
14、 control,some firms refuse to use the joint venture form if it is not possible to have a majority position in ownershipThere are firms that have few qualms about holding minority position,however,so long as they can have operating controlThey achieve this through technical-aid,management,or supply c
15、ontracts It should be recognized that maintaining operating control is sometimes difficult if one does not have financial control tooObjectives of the participants may diverge;when they do,financial control becomes importantManagement may wish to reinvest earnings while the majority of the board may
16、 wish earnings distributed as dividendsUnless policy issues of this kind can be settled amicably,lack of financial control can prove to be very unsatisfactory,if not fatal Many joint ventures emerge as matters of necessity:that is,no single firm is willing to assume the risks entailed,while a consor
17、tium of firms isLarge,capital-intensive,long-lived investments are natural candidates for the joint ventureExploitation of resource deposits often is done by a consortium of several petroleum or mining firmsRoles are parceled out even though each phase of the operation is owned jointlyOne firm does
18、the actual mining,another provides transportation,and still another does the refining and extractionThere is a wide variety of combinations Also the joint venture can pose problems,especially if it is an enforced marriage of partnersFor many ventures in small countries,it is difficult to find a suit
19、able local partner,that is,one with sufficient capital and know how t0 be able to contribute to the partnershipIn some developing countries,a small handful of families control the entire locally-owned part of the industrial structureUnder these circumstancesa joint venture merely insulates them furt
20、her from independent,foreign-owned plants that would compete against themF0r this and other reasons,the only suitable partner may end up being the government itselfMost multinational firms,however,shy away from such arrangements where possible(分数:10.00)(1).The phrase“joint venture”mentioned in the f
21、irst paragraph refers to_(分数:2.00)A.any joint relationship between one foreign firm and one local firmB.any joint relationship between foreign firmsC.joint ownership of an operation in which at least one of the partners is foreign basedD.all of the above(2).The word“qualms”in the second paragraph ma
22、y have the equal meaning with_(分数:2.00)A.abilitiesB.worriesC.possibilitiesD.limits(3).According to the author,which of the following is most important?(分数:2.00)A.Majority positionB.Operating controlC.Financial controlD.Support of the government(4).Which of the following is not the advantages of the
23、joint venture?(分数:2.00)A.It can assume more risksB.It may gather more capitalC.Large and long-lived investment can be carried outD.The partners will make concerted efforts towards one target(5).Which of the following is true according to the text?(分数:2.00)A.A foreign firm often takes a majority shar
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