EN ISO 10545-3-2018 Ceramic tiles - Part 3 Determination of water absorption apparent porosity apparent relative density and bulk density.pdf

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1、BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06Ceramic tilesPart 3: Determination of water absorption, apparent porosity, apparent relative density and bulk densityBS EN ISO 10545-3:2018National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 10545-

2、3:2018. It is identical to ISO 10545-3:2018. It supersedes BS EN ISO 10545-3:1997, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/539, Ceramic tiles and other rigid tiling.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on requ

3、est to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2018 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2018ISBN 978 0 580 89883 9ICS 91.100.23Compliance with a British

4、Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2018.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 10545-3:2018EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME

5、EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 10545-3March 2018ICS 91.100.23 Supersedes EN ISO 10545-3:1997EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGCEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2018 CEN Ref. No. EN ISO 10545-3:2018: EAll r

6、ights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national MembersCeramic tiles - Part 3: Determination of water absorption, apparent porosity, apparent relative density and bulk density (ISO 10545-3:2018)Carreaux et dalles cramiques - Partie 3: Dtermination de labsorptio

7、n deau, de la porosit ouverte, de la densit relative apparente et de la masse volumique globale (ISO 10545-3:2018)Keramische Fliesen und Platten - Teil 3: Bestimmung von Wasseraufnahme, offener Porositt, scheinbarer relativer Dichte und Rohdichte (ISO 10545-3:2018)This European Standard was approved

8、 by CEN on 22 January 2018.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national sta

9、ndards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and n

10、otified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,

11、Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.English VersionEN ISO 10545-3:2018 (E)European forewordThis document (EN ISO 10545-3:2018) has been prepare

12、d by Technical Committee ISO/TC 189 “Ceramic tile“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 67 “Ceramic tiles” the secretariat of which is held by UNI.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the

13、 latest by September 2018, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2018.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such pat

14、ent rights.This document supersedes EN ISO 10545-3:1997.According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Fin

15、land, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.Endorsement noticeThe te

16、xt of ISO 10545-3:2018 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 10545-3:2018 without any modification.2BS EN ISO 10545-3:2018ISO 10545-3:2018Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Principle 15 Apparatus . 16 Test specimens 26.1 Sampling . 26.2 Sample cutti

17、ng . 36.2.1 General 36.2.2 Tiles less than or equal to 400 cm236.2.3 Tiles greater than 400 cm2and less than or equal to 3 600 cm2, where x and y 20 cm . 46.2.4 Tiles greater than 400 cm2and less than or equal to 3 600 cm2, where only y is 20 cm 46.2.5 Tiles greater than 3 600 cm2. 57 Procedure. 67.

18、1 Sample preparation 67.2 Impregnation with water . 67.3 Suspended weight 78 Expression of results 78.1 Water absorption 78.2 Apparent porosity 78.3 Apparent relative density 88.4 Bulk density . 89 Test report . 8 ISO 2018 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS EN ISO 10545-3:2018ISO 10545-3:2018For

19、ewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a techn

20、ical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

21、electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document

22、was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such pa

23、tent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

24、 constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TB

25、T) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 189, Ceramic tiles.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 10545-3:1995 which has been technically revised. It also incorporates ISO 10545-3:1995/Cor.1:1997.The ma

26、in changes compared to the previous edition are as follows: The impregnation of the samples is now only done by vacuum. The boiling method for impregnation of the samples has been removed. Sampling guidelines according to the dimension of tiles are provided.A list of all parts in the ISO 10545 serie

27、s can be found on the ISO website. iv ISO 2018 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 10545-3:2018ISO 10545-3:2018IntroductionFor ceramic tiles, water absorption is used to classify products. This document outlines the procedures for the measurement of water absorption and related properties using classical A

28、rchimedean techniques. Impregnation of the open porosity is achieved by a vacuum method only. Accommodations are provided for large or irregularly shaped ceramic tile. ISO 2018 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 10545-3:2018This page deliberately left blankCeramic tiles Part 3: Determination of water ab

29、sorption, apparent porosity, apparent relative density and bulk density1 ScopeThis document specifies a method for determining water absorption, apparent porosity, apparent relative density and bulk density of ceramic tiles. This method is applicable to classification of tiles and product specificat

30、ions.2 Normative referencesThere are no normative references in this document.3 Terms and definitionsNo terms and definitions are listed in this document.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at http:/www.elec

31、tropedia.org/ ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:/www.iso.org/obp4 PrincipleImpregnation of dry tiles with water and then suspension in water. Calculation of the listed properties using the relationships between dry, saturated and suspended masses.5 Apparatus5.1 Drying oven, capable of

32、 being operated at least at (110 5) C. Microwave, infrared, or other drying systems may be used provided that it has been determined that the same results are obtained.5.2 Balance, accurate to 0,01 % of the mass of a test specimen.5.3 Deionized or distilled water 5.4 Dessicator 5.5 Microfibre cloth

33、5.6 Wire loop, halter or basket, capable of supporting specimens under water for making suspended mass measurements.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10545-3:2018 ISO 2018 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 10545-3:2018ISO 10545-3:20185.7 Glass beaker, or similar container of size and shape such that the sampl

34、e, when suspended from the balance (5.2) by the wire loop (5.6), is completely immersed in water, with the test specimen and the wire loop being completely free of contact with any part of the container.5.8 Vacuum chamber and vacuum system, of sufficient capacity to accommodate the test specimens an

35、d evacuate to a pressure of 10 5 kPa (91 5 kPa below standard atmospheric pressure of 101 kPa) for 30 min.6 Test specimens6.1 SamplingSampling shall be carried out according to the dimension of tiles as reported in Table 1. In Table 2 some examples of different common sizes are reported. The number

36、of the specimens to be tested for each tile as well the number of tiles are function of the tile dimension. Tiles and relevant specimens shall not contain visible damage or cracks prior to testing and shall not have been previously tested. Any loose or contaminating material shall be removed. This i

37、ncludes any mesh, paper and adhesive that has been applied to mosaics.When the mass of each individual tile is below 50 g, a sufficient number of tiles shall be taken so that each test specimen reaches a mass of 50 g to 100 g. For those specimens, 6.2 is not applicable.Table 1 SamplingMaximum area A

38、cm2Reference paragraph forsample cuttingnof specimens per tile to be testedTotalnof tilesTotaln ofspecimensA 400 6.2.2 1 5 5400 20 cm)6.2.3 1 5 5400 3 600(with minor edge y 20 cm, and major edge x 100 cm)6.2.5 2 3 6A 3 600(with minor edge y 20 cm)6.2.5 4 3 12NOTE For non-rectangular tile, consider t

39、he area of the minimum rectangle in which the tile can be fit.2 ISO 2018 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 10545-3:2018ISO 10545-3:2018Table 2 Examples of sampling for different common sizesMaximum area A cm2Example of nominal size cmnof specimens per tile to be testedTotalnof tilesTotalnof specimens400

40、20 20 1 5 5600 10 60 1 5 5900 30 30 1 5 51 350 15 90 1 5 52 160 18 120 2 5 102 250 15 150 2 5 102 500 50 50 1 5 53 600 60 60 1 5 54 500 18 250 2 3 68 100 90 90 4 3 127 200 60 120 4 3 1216 200 90 180 4 3 1214 400 120 120 4 3 1228 800 120 240 4 3 1230 000 100 300 4 3 1230 000 120 300 4 3 126.2 Sample

41、cutting6.2.1 GeneralEach tile shall be cut into smaller pieces as described in 6.2.2 through 6.2.5 where some common examples are reported. Cutting of specimens shall consist of scoring and snapping, or sawing when impossible to score and snap with conventional tile-scoring equipment (as can be the

42、case with highly textured and structured porcelain tiles). Cutting may be performed at the factory following the sampling criteria described where the sample being cut is at least 10 cm bigger on each cut side. At the testing facility, cutting shall be done no more than four hours before the specime

43、ns are placed in the dryer. Specimens shall be kept clean with no contaminating material after cutting.6.2.2 Tiles less than or equal to 400 cm2Specimens shall be cut in half, within 1 cm. Specimens shall be cut perpendicular to the longest side if the specimen has unequal sides. Select one half at

44、random from each specimen for testing (see Figure 1).a) Equal sides: x 20 cm, a = 1/2 (within 1 cm) ISO 2018 All rights reserved 3BS EN ISO 10545-3:2018ISO 10545-3:2018b) Unequal sides: x y, a = 1/2 (within 1 cm)Figure 1 Scheme of cuts for tiles less than or equal to 400 cm26.2.3 Tiles greater than

45、400 cm2and less than or equal to 3 600 cm2, where x and y 20 cmA 20 20 cm portion, within 1 cm, shall be cut from one corner of each specimen for testing (see Figure 2).x 20 cm, y 20 cm, a = 20 cm (within 1 cm)Figure 2 Scheme of cuts for tiles greater than 400 cm2and less than or equal to 3 600 cm2

46、where x and y 206.2.4 Tiles greater than 400 cm2and less than or equal to 3 600 cm2, where only y is 20 cmProceed as follows (Figure 3 b) also applies to tiles over 3 600 cm2): x 3 600 cm2.Figure 3 Scheme of cuts for tiles greater than 400 cm2and less than or equal to 3 600 cm2 where y 20 cm 6.2.5 T

47、iles greater than 3 600 cm2Proceed as follows: if y 40 cm, a 20 20 cm portion, within 1 cm, shall be cut from four corners of each specimen for testing (see Figure 4 a). if 20 y 40 cm, a portion 20 cm y/2 cm, within 1 cm, shall be cut from four corners of each specimen for testing (see Figure 4 b).

48、if y 20 cm, two portions where one dimension is equal to y and the other dimension is equal to 20 cm, within 1 cm, shall be cut of each specimen for testing (see Figure 3 b).a) x 40 cm, y 40 cm, a = 20 cm (within 1 cm) ISO 2018 All rights reserved 5BS EN ISO 10545-3:2018ISO 10545-3:2018b) x 40 cm, 2

49、0 y 40 cm, a = 20 cm (within 1 cm)NOTE See also Figure 3 b).Figure 4 Scheme of cuts for tiles greater than 3 600 cm27 Procedure7.1 Sample preparationDry the test specimens to constant mass (see NOTE) in the oven (5.1) adjusted to a minimum of 110 C, not to exceed 160 C for a minimum of 24 h (or such other time as has been established for the oven in use and the mass of tiles being dried). The drying of the specimens and the determination of their