ISO 17282-2004 Plastics - Guide to the acquisition and presentation of design data《塑料 设计数据的获取和表示用指南》.pdf

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1、 Reference number ISO 17282:2004(E) ISO 2004INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17282 First edition 2004-06-01 Plastics Guide to the acquisition and presentation of design data Plastiques Lignes directrices pour lacquisition et la prsentation de caractristiques de conception ISO 17282:2004(E) PDF disclaimer

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4、; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2004 All rights r

5、eserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the req

6、uester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2004 All rights reservedISO 17282:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Sco

7、pe 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Symbols . 3 3.1 Test variables 3 3.2 Material properties for stress analysis (see Tables 2 and 3). 3 3.3 Failure properties (see Table 4) . 4 3.4 Material properties for processing simulation (see Tables 3, 4 and 5) 5 4 Data needed for design 6 4.1 General. 6 4.2 De

8、sign for thermomechanical performance. 6 4.2.1 The design process 6 4.2.2 Design data for thermomechanical performance 7 4.3 Design for processing analysis. 10 4.3.1 Processing simulation 10 4.3.2 Data for simulation of injection moulding 10 4.3.3 Data for simulation of extrusion 12 4.3.4 Data for s

9、imulation of blow moulding, blown film extrusion and thermoforming . 12 5 Determination of design data. 13 5.1 General. 13 5.2 Data acquisition for design for mechanical performance 13 5.3 Data acquisition for design for processing14 Annex A (informative) Illustrations of the application of finite e

10、lement analyses to plastics components. 19 Annex B (informative) Application of processing simulation analysis for plastics 48 ISO 17282:2004(E) iv ISO 2004 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (IS

11、O member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, gove

12、rnmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC

13、Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member

14、 bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 17282 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommitt

15、ee SC 2, Mechanical properties. ISO 17282:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved vIntroduction Plastics and composites are increasingly being used in load-bearing applications where they compete with traditional materials such as steels and aluminium. In these applications, it is important to achieve

16、a confident knowledge of the safe operating limits of the component through competent design. Computer methods for design are available, and are continually being improved, that enable predictions to be made of the performance of plastics under a variety of situations. These situations include mecha

17、nical performance under service loads and environments as well as a flow of the polymer melt during the manufacture of a component. In order to design effectively with plastics in load-bearing applications, comprehensive data are generally needed which take into account the effects of time, temperat

18、ure, rate and environment on properties. A number of International Standards have been developed that specify how certain data for plastics should be measured and presented. These are ISO 10350-1 and ISO 10350-2, and ISO 11403-1, ISO 11403-2 and ISO 11403-3. The purpose of these standards is to enab

19、le comparable data to be measured on different materials from different sources to aid the process of materials selection. A substantial quantity of data is specified by these standards and, although not the primary purpose of the standards, some of these data are suitable for design. However, addit

20、ional or alternative data will also be needed for many applications. The purpose of this guide is to augment existing data presentation standards by identifying data that are needed specifically for design with plastics. The selection of these data is guided by the requirements of available computer

21、 methods for design. Preferred test methods, test specimens and test conditions are recommended in section 5 for determining these data. For some properties, ISO test methods or specimens are not yet available. Reference is then made in the Notes to Tables 6 and 7 to suitable procedures for data acq

22、uisition that may become standardised at a later stage. It is intended that this guide assist the development of databases that will interface with computer methods for design so that the property data required by these methods can be readily accessed. For certain properties, some analysis and inter

23、pretation of data is needed in order to present information in the form required by the design analysis. Some procedures for data analysis are described in the annexes. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17282:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved 1Plastics Guide to the acquisition and presentation of design

24、 data 1 Scope This International Standard gives guidelines for the acquisition and presentation of data that can be used for design with plastics. Emphasis is given to the acquisition of data needed by computerised methods for design. It includes data needed for the analysis of the flow of polymer m

25、elts during the manufacture of a component as well as data needed for the prediction of mechanical performance of the component in service. The data requirements cover design with unfilled plastics as well as filled, short-fibre reinforced and continuous-fibre reinforced materials. 2 Normative refer

26、ences The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 294-3, Plastics Injection moulding of t

27、est specimens of thermoplastics materials Part 3: Small plates ISO 294-5, Plastics Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastics materials Part 5: Preparation of standard specimens for investigating anisotropy ISO 527-2, Plastics Determination of tensile properties Part 2: Test conditions f

28、or moulding and extrusion plastics ISO 527-4, Plastics Determination of tensile properties Part 4: Test conditions for isotropic and orthotropic fibre-reinforced plastic composites ISO 527-5, Plastics Determination of tensile properties Part 5: Test conditions for unidirectional fibre- reinforced pl

29、astic composites ISO 899-1, Plastics Determination of creep behaviour Part 1: Tensile creep ISO 1183, Plastics Methods for determining the density and relative density of non-cellular plastics ISO 2577, Plastics Thermosetting moulding materials Determination of shrinkage ISO 3167, Plastics Multipurp

30、ose test specimens ISO 6252, Plastics Determination of environmental stress cracking (ESC) Constant-tensile-stress method ISO 6603-2, Plastics Determination of puncture impact behaviour of rigid plastics Part 2: Instrumented impact test ISO 6721-2, Plastics Determination of dynamic mechanical proper

31、ties Part 2: Torsion-pendulum method ISO 17282:2004(E) 2 ISO 2004 All rights reservedISO 6721-3, Plastics Determination of dynamic mechanical properties Part 3: Flexural vibration Resonance-curve method ISO 6721-4, Plastics Determination of dynamic mechanical properties Part 4: Tensile vibration Non

32、- resonance method ISO 6721-5, Plastics Determination of dynamic mechanical properties Part 5: Flexural vibration Non- resonance method ISO 6721-7, Plastics Determination of dynamic mechanical properties Part 7: Torsional vibration Non- resonance method ISO 6721-8, Plastics Determination of dynamic

33、mechanical properties Part 8: Longitudinal and shear vibration Wave propagation method ISO 6721-10, Plastics Determination of dynamic mechanical properties Part 10: Complex shear viscosity using a parallel-plate oscillatory rheometer ISO 10350-1, Plastics Acquisition and presentation of comparable s

34、ingle-point data Part 1: Moulding materials ISO 11357-2, Plastics Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) Part 2: Determination of glass transition temperature ISO 11357-3, Plastics Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) Part 3: Determination of temperature and enthalpy of melting and crystallizati

35、on ISO 11357-4 1) , Plastics Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) Part 4: Determination of specific heat capacity ISO 11357-5, Plastics Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) Part 5: Determination of characteristic reaction-curve temperatures and times, enthalpy of reaction and degrees of conver

36、sion ISO 11357-7, Plastics Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) Part 7: Determination of crystallization kinetics ISO 11359-2, Plastics Thermomechanical analysis (TMA) Part 2: Determination of coefficient of linear thermal expansion and glass transition temperature ISO 11403-1, Plastics Acquisiti

37、on and presentation of comparable multipoint data Part 1: Mechanical properties ISO 11403-2, Plastics Acquisition and presentation of comparable multipoint data Part 2: Thermal and processing properties ISO 11443, Plastics Determination of the fluidity of plastics using capillary and slit-die rheome

38、ters ISO 15310, Fibre-reinforced plastic composites Determination of the in-plane shear modulus by the plate twist method ISO 17744, Plastics Determination of specific volume as a function of temperature and pressure (pVT diagram) Piston apparatus method 1)To be published. ISO 17282:2004(E) ISO 2004

39、 All rights reserved 33 Symbols 3.1 Test variables tensile strain NOTE Use of the true strain log e(1 + ) in place of the engineering strain is necessary when engineering strain values exceed about 0,1. Below a strain of 0,1, there is no significant difference between these quantities. tensile strai

40、n rate pplastic component of the tensile strain NOTE This is used in elasticplastic models for describing non-linear behaviour. shear strain shear strain rate pplastic component of the shear strain t time stress T temperature f frequency ch chemical environment N number of cycles to failure in a fat

41、igue test R ratio of minimum to maximum stresses in a fatigue test T rate of change of temperature p pressure p CHcavity pressure at hold t Hhold time h specimen thickness v sslip velocity 3.2 Material properties for stress analysis (see Tables 2 and 3) E tensile modulus obtained from a test at cons

42、tant strain rate E p , E ntensile moduli along and transverse to, respectively, the direction of preferred fibre or molecular orientation in a transversely isotropic material G pshear modulus of a transversely isotropic material for stress application in the direction of preferred orientation D tens

43、ile creep compliance ISO 17282:2004(E) 4 ISO 2004 All rights reservedE Rtensile stress relaxation modulus D p , D n tensile creep compliances along and transverse to, respectively, the direction of preferred orientation in a transversely isotropic material E, E tensile storage and loss moduli, respe

44、ctively G, G shear storage and loss moduli, respectively Ttrue tensile yield stress (see Note 4 to Table 12) hydrostatic stress sensitivity parameter (see Note 6 to Table 12) Tp , Tntensile yield stresses for loading along and transverse to, respectively, the direction of preferred orientation in a

45、transversely isotropic material (see Notes 4 and 9 to Table 12) Sp , Snshear yield stresses for loading along and transverse to, respectively, the direction of preferred orientation in a transversely isotropic material (see Note 9 to Table 12) Poissons ratio eelastic component of the Poissons ratio

46、pplastic component of the Poissons ratio equal to minus the ratio of the plastic component of the lateral strain to the plastic component of the axial strain in a specimen under a tensile stress (see Note 5 to Table 12) pnPoissons ratio for an anisotropic material determined with the uniaxial stress

47、 applied along the direction of preferred orientation flow parameter coefficient of linear thermal expansion p , ncoefficients of linear thermal expansion parallel and normal to the direction of preferred orientation in a transversely isotropic material c pspecific heat 3.3 Failure properties (see T

48、able 4) utensile strength obtained from a test at constant specimen deformation rate up , untensile strengths for loading along and transverse to, respectively, the direction of preferred orientation in a transversely isotropic material ustrain at break obtained from a tensile test at constant speci

49、men deformation rate up , unstrains at break for loading along and transverse to, respectively, the direction of preferred orientation in a transversely isotropic material ctensile creep rupture strength cp , cncreep rupture strengths for loading along and transverse to, respectively, the direction of preferred orientation in a transversely isot