ASTM C1214M-2019 Standard Test Method for Concrete Pipe Sewerlines by Negative Air Pressure (Vacuum) Test Method (Metric).pdf

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1、Designation: C1214M 13C1214M 19Standard Test Method forConcrete Pipe Sewerlines by Negative Air Pressure(Vacuum) Test Method (Metric)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1214M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of

2、 revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers procedures for testing concrete pipe sewerlines, when using the negativ

3、e air pressure (vacuum) testmethod to demonstrate the integrity of the installed material and the construction procedures. This test method covers testing of100 to 900-mm diameter circular concrete pipe sewerlines utilizing gasketed joints.NOTE 1The user of this specification is advised that methods

4、 described in this test method may also be used as a preliminary test to enable themanufacturer or installer to demonstrate the condition of sewer pipe prior to delivery or backfill. Minimum test times presented in Table 1 are for pipelines.Holding times for testing an individual pipe may have to be

5、 increased to allow for the accumulation of leakage when the tested pipe are incorporatedinto a continuous pipeline.NOTE 2The user of this test method is advised that the negative air pressure (vacuum) test criteria presented in this test method are similar to thosein general use. The test and crite

6、ria have been used widely and successfully in testing smaller diameter pipe. Larger pipe will be accepted moreconveniently by visual inspection and individual joint testing.NOTE 3Test times tabulated and the rate of air loss in this standard are based on successful testing of installed pipelines. Ho

7、wever, since air and waterhave different physical properties, retests of some pipelines not meeting field air tests have been successful when tested with water.1.2 This test method is the SI companion to Test Method C1214.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if a

8、ny, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 6 for specific safety precautions.1.4 This internatio

9、nal standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee

10、.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related ProductsC924 Practice for Testing Concrete Pipe Sewer Lines by Low-Pressure Air Test Method (Withdrawn 2013)3C969 Practice for Infiltration and Exfiltration Acceptance Testing of Installed Precast Conc

11、rete Pipe Sewer Lines3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms relating to concrete pipe, see Terminology C822.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The sewerline to be tested is plugged. Air is removed from the plugged line by a vacuum pump or vacuum reservoir. Theamount of vacuum loss is used t

12、o determine the acceptability of the sewerline.5. Significance and Use5.1 This is not a routine test. The values recorded are applicable only to the sewer being tested and at the time of testing.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on Concrete Pipe and is the direct res

13、ponsibility of Subcommittee C13.09 on Methods of Test.Current edition approved July 1, 2013Jan. 1, 2019. Published December 2013January 2019. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 20092013 asC1214M 02C1214M 13.(2009). DOI: 10.1520/C1214M-13.10.1520/C1214M-19.2 For referenced

14、ASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the use

15、r of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as

16、 published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States16. Safety Precautions6.1 WarningThe user of this test method is advised that this test will be dangerous if a line is not pre

17、pared properly andproper procedures are not followed.6.2 Access manholes or structures must be ventilated and air quality continuously monitored.6.3 No one shall be allowed in or near the manholes during testing.7. Preparation of the Sewerline7.1 Where practical, clean the line prior to testing, wet

18、 the pipe surface, and eliminate debris.NOTE 4The user of this test method is advised that a wetted exterior pipe surface is desirable and will produce more consistent test results. Air maypass through the walls of dry pipe. This can be overcome by wetting the pipe. Usually, moisture absorbed from t

19、he backfill is sufficient to cope with thissituation. If the problem persists, segmental testing of the line will establish if there is a significant leak.7.2 Plug all pipe outlets including laterals. Review safety precautions in Section 6.8. Procedure8.1 Determine the test time for the sewerline to

20、 be tested by using Table 1. Table 1 has been established using the criteriaspecified in Table 2 and the formulas contained in the Appendixes. The test time is the time required for the vacuum to drop from23.6 to 16.9 kPa.NOTE 5To provide satisfactory test results, the vacuum pump shall be capable o

21、f evacuating the sewer test section in the required test time, or less,as determined by 8.1. The pump capacity required to accomplish the evacuation of the line is equal to the rate necessary to reduce the sewer to the desiredpressure plus the allowable vacuum loss rate:C 50.17D 2L/T1Qwhere:C = vacu

22、um pump capacity, m3/s,T = required test time, or less,D = pipe internal diameter, m,L = length of test section, m, andQ = allowable vacuum loss rate, m3/s.8.2 Evacuate air until the internal air pressure of the sewerline is lowered by approximately 27.0 kPa of mercury. Close the valveon the vacuum

23、line and shut off the vacuum pump. Allow the air pressure to stabilize. (WarningMercury has been designatedby EPAand many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury,or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials

24、. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercurycontaining products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPAs websitehttp:/www.epa.gov/mercury/ faq.htmfor additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercurycontaining p

25、roducts into your state may be prohibited by state law)TABLE 1 Minimum Test TimeNominalPipeSize, mmT (Time),min/100 mNominalPipeSize, mmT (Time),min/100 m100 0.9 525 9.7150 2.0 600 11.0200 3.5 675 13.0250 4.7 750 15.0300 6.0 825 17.0375 6.8 900 19.0450 7.7TABLE 2 Allowable Air LossNominalPipeSize, m

26、mQ, m3/minNominalPipeSize, mmQ, m3/min100 0.6 525 0.15150 0.6 600 0.17200 0.6 675 0.18250 0.7 750 0.20300 0.8 825 0.21375 0.11 900 0.23450 0.14C1214M 1928.3 When the pressure has stabilized and is at or below the starting test vacuum of 23.6 kPa of mercury, commence the test byallowing the gage pres

27、sure to drop to 23.6 kPa of mercury, at which point the time recording is initiated. Record the drop in vacuumfor the test period.8.4 If the drop in vacuum is 6.8 kPa of mercury or less during the test period, accept the line. If the drop in vacuum is morethan 6.8 kPa of mercury during the test peri

28、od, inspect, evaluate, and retest the line to determine the cause of excessive vacuumloss.8.5 Use or failure of this vacuum test shall not preclude acceptance by appropriate low-pressure air (see Practice C924), waterinfiltration or exfiltration testing (see Practice C969), or other means.9. Vacuum

29、Test Criteria9.1 An appropriate allowable vacuum loss, Q, in cubic metres per second has been established for each nominal pipe size. Basedon field experience, the vacuum loss Qs that have been selected will enable detection of any significant leak. Table 2 lists the Qestablished for each pipe size.

30、9.2 When a main line with connected lateral is to be tested as a unit, the total volume of the main and laterals shall be consideredand the allowable air loss rate shall be that listed for the main.10. Precision and Bias10.1 No justifiable statement is presently capable of being made either on preci

31、sion or bias of this procedure since the test resultmerely states whether there is conformance to the criteria for success specified. Due to the sealing effects of ground water andinternal flow on sewerline, the test conditions and results are not reproducible.APPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1.

32、 EQUATIONS USED IN PRACTICE C1214MX1.1 The required test time per 100 m for a single diameter pipe using Table 2:TT 55.331028!D 2L/Q! (X1.1)X1.2 The required test time for a single diameter pipe using Table 1:TT 5L! T/100! (X1.2)X1.3 For testing a sewer system involving different diameter pipe, the

33、allowable vacuum loss rate shall be that for the main sewer.The volume of each size of lateral pipe is converted to an equivalent length of required test time as follows:Le 5(d21/D 2! (X1.3)TT 5L1L e! T/100! (X1.4)X1.4 The symbols used in the equations in this test method are defined as follows:wher

34、e:T = minimum test time per 100 m of pipe vacuum to drop from 23.6 to 16.8 kPa of mercury, min,TT = minimum test time for total system, min,D = designated inside diameter of test section or main sewer, mm,d = designated inside diameter of lateral, mm,L = length of test section or main sewer, m,Le =

35、total volume of all laterals connected to the main sewer expressed as an equivalent length of the main sewer, m,l = total length of each diameter lateral, m, andQ = allowable air loss rate, m3/min.C1214M 193X2. APPLICATION OF PRACTICE C1214MX2.1 The following examples have been prepared to demonstra

36、te the techniques of applying this test method.X2.2 Example 1A sewer system consists of 180 m of 450-mm diameter concrete pipe between manholes A and B; 10 m of300-mm diameter pipe between manholes B and C.X2.2.1 FindThe appropriate test times to demonstrate the integrity of the installed lines.X2.2

37、.2 Solution:X2.2.2.1 For the main sewer between manholes A and B, use Eq X1.2 and from Table 1, T = 7.7 min/100 m for 450-mm pipe.TT 5L! T/100!TT 5180!7.7/100!TT 514minX2.2.2.2 Similarly, for the main sewer between manholes B and C:TT 510!6/100!TT 50.6minX2.3 Example 2The 180 m of 450-mm diameter co

38、ncrete pipe between manholesAand B in Example 1 has connected 150-mmlaterals with a total length of 275 m.X2.3.1 FindThe appropriate test time to demonstrate the integrity of the installed lines.X2.3.2 Solution:X2.3.2.1 Use Eq X1.3 to convert the total volume of 150-mm laterals to an equivalent leng

39、th of main sewer:Le 5(d21/D2!Le 5150 23275!/4502!Le 530.6 mX2.3.2.2 For the connected system, use Eq X1.4 and from Table 1, T = 7.7 min/100 m for 450-mm pipe:TT 5L1Le! T/100!TT 5180130.6!7.7/100!TT 516minX2.4 If a line fails the vacuum test, the following course of action shall be considered:X2.4.1

40、Segmentally test the line and compare the time-vacuum loss values in each segment.X2.4.2 If the values in each segment are comparable, the vacuum loss problem shall be distributed throughout the line, and furtheranalysis shall be made.X2.4.3 If the values in each segment are significantly different,

41、 each segment shall be evaluated and further analysis be made todetermine the location of any significant vacuum loss.C1214M 194ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are

42、 expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not r

43、evised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you

44、may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United S

45、tates. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.C1214M 195