API MPMS 2 2F-2004 Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products-Calibration of Horizontal Cylindrical Tanks Part 2 Internal Electro-optical Distance-ranging Method (.pdf

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1、Petroleum and Liquid PetroleumProductsCalibration of HorizontalCylindrical TanksPart 2: Internal Electro-optical Distance-ranging MethodANSI/API MPMS CHAPTER 2.2FFIRST EDITION, APRIL 2004REAFFIRMED, OCTOBER 2009ISO 12917-2: 2002 (Identical), Petroleum and liquid petroleum productsCalibration of hori

2、zontal cylindrical tanksPart 2: Internal electro-optical distance-ranging methodSpecial Notes API publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed. API is not undertaking to meet

3、 the duties of employers, manufacturers, or suppliers to warn and properly train and equip their employees, and others exposed, concerning health and safety risks and precautions, nor undertaking their obligations under local, state, or federal laws. Information concerning safety and health risks an

4、d proper precautions with respect to particular materials and conditions should be obtained from the employer, the manufacturer or supplier of that material, or the material safety data sheet. Nothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherw

5、ise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in the publication be construed as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent. Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffir

6、med, or withdrawn at least every five years. Sometimes a one-time extension of up to two years will be added to this review cycle. This publication will no longer be in effect five years after its publication date as an operative API standard or, where an extension has been granted, upon republicati

7、on. Status of the publication can be ascertained from the API Standards department telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications, programs and services is published annually and updated biannually by API, and available through Global Engineering Documents, 15 Inverness Way East, M/S C303B,

8、 Englewood, CO 80112-5776. This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriate notification and participation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of this standard or comments and

9、 questions concerning the procedures under which this standard was developed should be directed in writing to the Director of the Standards department, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any part of the

10、material published herein should be addressed to the Director, Business Services. API standards are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operating practices. These standards are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgment regard

11、ing when and where these standards should be utilized. The formulation and publication of API standards is not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices. Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the marking requirements of an API standard is sole

12、ly responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard. API does not represent, warrant, or guarantee that such products do in fact conform to the applicable API standard. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transm

13、itted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005. Copyright 2004 American Petroleum Institute API Foreword API publicatio

14、ns may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any

15、liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any federal, state, or municipal regulation with which this publication may conflict. Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to API, Standards department, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC

16、20005, standardsapi.org. API MPMS 2.2F / ISO 12917-2 ii Contents Page API Foreword . ii Foreword . iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions 2 4 Precautions . 2 5 Equipment . 2 5.1 Electro-optical distance-ranging instrument 2 5.2 Instrument mounting . 2 5.3 Laser-beam emitter

17、2 5.4 Stadia . 3 5.5 Auxiliary equipment . 3 6 General considerations . 3 7 EODR instrument set up within the tank . 3 8 Selection of target points 4 8.1 Introduction 4 8.2 Location of target points General principle 5 8.3 Cylindrical courses 5 8.4 Heads 5 9 Procedure for calibration 5 10 Tolerances

18、 of reference target points 5 10.1 Distance verification 5 10.2 Verification of horizontal and vertical angles . 6 11 Additional measurements . 6 11.1 Reference-height determination and reference-point position . 6 11.2 Data 7 11.3 Drawings . 7 12 Calculation and development of capacity tables 7 Ann

19、ex A (normative) Determination of the limiting angle of incidence 8 Annex B (informative) Numerical example . 9 API MPMS 2.2F / ISO 12917-2 iii ISO 12917-2:2002(E) iv ISO 2002 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national s

20、tandards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International

21、organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules gi

22、ven in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least

23、 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO 12917 may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 12917-2 was prepared by Technical Committee I

24、SO/TC 28, Petroleum products and lubricants, Subcommittee SC 3, Static petroleum measurement. ISO 12917 consists of the following parts, under the general title Petroleum and liquid petroleum products Calibration of horizontal cylindrical tanks: Part 1: Manual methods Part 2: Internal electro-optica

25、l distance-ranging method Annex A forms a normative part of this part of ISO 12917. Annex B is for information only. API MPMS 2.2F / ISO 12917-2 iv INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12917-2:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved 1Petroleum and liquid petroleum products Calibration of horizontal cylindrical t

26、anks Part 2: Internal electro-optical distance-ranging method 1 Scope This part of ISO 12917 specifies a method for the calibration of horizontal cylindrical tanks having diameters greater than 2 m by means of internal measurements using an electro-optical distance-ranging instrument, and for the su

27、bsequent compilation of tank-capacity tables. This method is known as the internal electro-optical distance-ranging (EODR) method. This part of ISO 12917 is applicable to tanks inclined by up to 10 % from the horizontal, provided a correction is applied for the measured tilt. 2 Normative references

28、The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO 12917. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of I

29、SO 12917 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International

30、 Standards. ISO 1998 (all parts), Petroleum industry Terminology ISO 7507-1:1993, Petroleum and liquid petroleum products Calibration of vertical cylindrical tanks Part 1: Strapping method ISO 7507-4:1995, Petroleum and liquid petroleum products Calibration of vertical cylindrical tanks Part 4: Inte

31、rnal electro-optical distance-ranging method ISO 12917-1:2002, Petroleum and liquid petroleum products Calibration of horizontal cylindrical tanks Part 1: Manual methods IEC 60079-10:1995, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres Part 10: Classification of hazardous areas IEC 60825-1:1994,

32、 Safety of laser products Part 1: Equipment classification, requirements and users guide API MPMS 2.2F / ISO 12917-2 1 ISO 12917-2:2002(E) 2 ISO 2002 All rights reserved3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this part of ISO 12917, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1998, ISO 7507-1 and the

33、 following apply. 3.1 reference target point fixed point clearly marked on the inside surface of the tank shell or a prism mounted on a tripod or stadia 3.2 slope distance distance measured from the electro-optical distance-ranging instrument to a target point on any given course of the tank shell 3

34、.3 target point one of a series of points on the inside surface of the tank shell to which the slope distance, vertical angles and horizontal angles are measured by use of the electro-optical ranging instrument 4 Precautions The general and safety precautions given in ISO 7507-1 shall apply to this

35、part of ISO 12917. In addition, the laser beam fitted to the EODR instrument shall be operated in conformity with IEC 60825-1. The hazards, if any, in the area in which the calibration is to be carried out shall be assessed in accordance with IEC 60079-10. The equipment to be used in the calibration

36、 shall be certified as being safe for use in the area of operation. 5 Equipment 5.1 Electro-optical distance-ranging instrument 5.1.1 The angle-measuring part of the instrument shall have an angular graduation and resolution equal to or better than 0,002 gon. This part of the instrument shall have a

37、 repeatability equal to or better than 0,005 gon. 5.1.2 The distance-measuring part of the instrument, used for direct determination of distances, shall have a graduation and resolution equal to or better than 1 mm. This part of the instrument shall have a repeatability equal to or better than 2 mm.

38、 5.2 Instrument mounting A tripod which is firm and stable. The legs of the tripod may be held firm, and steadied, by suitable devices such as magnetic bearers. 5.3 Laser-beam emitter A low-power laser beam complying with IEC 60825-1, which is either an integral part of the EODR instrument or a sepa

39、rate device. If the laser beam emitter is a separate device, it may be fitted with a fibre-optic light transmitter system and a theodolite telescope eyepiece connection, by which the laser beam may be transmitted through a theodolite, or such that it may be fitted to a theodolite with its axis co-in

40、cident to the axis of the theodolite. NOTE The laser-beam emitter is used to position target points on the tank shell. API MPMS 2.2F / ISO 12917-2 2 ISO 12917-2:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved 35.4 Stadia A rigid bar, usually 2 m long, such that the graduated length between the two stadia marks

41、 remains constant to within 0,02 mm. 5.5 Auxiliary equipment Auxiliary equipment includes a) magnets or other equipment to steady the unit, and b) lighting within the tank, if required. 6 General considerations 6.1 The EODR instrument shall be maintained so that the values of their measurement speci

42、fications do not exceed the values given in this part of ISO 12917. 6.2 Tanks shall only be calibrated after they have been filled at least once with a liquid of density equal to or greater than that of the liquid which they will hold when in use, and at a pressure greater than the pressure at which

43、 they will operate when in service. NOTE The hydrostatic or pressure test applied to new tanks will satisfy this requirement in most cases. 6.3 Calibration shall be carried out without interruption. 6.4 The EODR instrument shall be verified prior to calibration. The accuracy of the distance-measurin

44、g unit as well as the angle-measuring unit shall be verified using the procedures recommended by the manufacturer (e.g. a stadia or reference laser may be used for distance measurement). The procedures given in ISO 7507-4:1995, annex A should be used for the verification of field equipment. 6.5 The tank shall be free from vibration and airborne dust particles. NOTE The floor of the tank should be as free as possible from debris, dust an