（鲁津琼版）2020版高考英语大一轮复习第一部分Module6UnexplainedMysteriesoftheNaturalWorld讲义外研版必修4.doc

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1、1Module 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World狂 背 单 词 /.单词语境记忆1.a calm sea 平静的大海2.the shiny surface 发光的表面3.claim to be a feminist 声称是女权主义者4.cover an area of 30 square kilometres 占地 30 平方千米5.fierce animals 凶猛的动物6.have a good reputation 有好名声7.generous behaviour 慷慨的行为8.dive on a coral reef 在珊瑚礁潜水

2、9.positive attitude 积极的态度10.the borders between the two countries 两国的边界.词性转换与派生记忆1.attack vt.袭击；攻击 n.攻击；抨击；疾病发作2.adapt vi.适应；适合adaptable adj.适应性强的adaptation n.适应3.extinct adj.绝种的；消亡了的extinction n.消失；灭绝4.unpredictable adj.变化莫测的predictable adj.可预测的predict v.预言5.frightening adj.吓人的frightened adj.害怕的fri

3、ghten vt.使害怕fright n.害怕6.exist vi.存在existence n.存在7.unlikely adj.不可能的likely adj.可能的8.disappear vi.消失appear vi.出现9.destruction n.毁坏destroy vt.毁坏；摧毁destructive adj.破坏性的10.sharp adj.锋利的；尖的sharpen vt.使变得锋利211.fortune n.运气；命运；财富fortunate adj.幸运的fortunately adv.幸运地12.indicate vt.象征；暗示indication n.指示；象征13.

4、identity n.身份；特性identify vt.确定；辨别identification n.辨认；鉴定14.mysterious adj.神秘的mystery n.神秘的人(或事物)；奥秘15.hairy adj.毛的；多毛的hair n.头发，毛发联想记忆1.“静”系列calm adj. 平静的；冷静的cool adj. 冷静的quiet adj. 安静的still adj. 不动的silent adj. 沉默的2.“害怕，惊恐”同义词一览frightened adj. 害怕的scared adj. 感到惊恐的alarmed adj. 恐慌的terrified adj. 害怕的，恐惧

5、的3.un前缀的高频形容词荟萃uneasy 不安的unfavorable 不利的unlikely 不可能的unfriendly 不友好的unaware 不知道的unfortunate 不幸的unequal 不平等的unconscious 失去知觉的 unpredictable 变化莫测的4.“颜色”词汇全接触grey adj. 灰色的red adj. 红色的3green adj. 绿色的blue adj. 蓝色的yellow adj. 黄色的black adj. 黑色的white adj. 白色的purple adj. 紫色的brown adj. 褐色的pink adj. 粉色的狂 背 短 语

6、 /短语背诵1.die out 灭绝2.be sceptical about 对怀疑3.cut off 切断；使隔绝4.adapt to 适应5.stick out 伸出6.throw light on 帮助弄清楚；阐明某事7.due to 由于；因造成词块积累1.be back in the news 再次成为新闻2.a sense of national identity 民族认同感e straight to the point 谈正题；开门见山4.take photos 拍照5.be related to 与有关6.close to 接近；靠近狂 背 佳 句 /1.They say th

7、at the lowtemperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures.他们说，水温这样低的湖泊不可能生存有体形如此巨大的动物。2He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.4他声称看见一个黑黑的、圆圆的动物在水中快速游动。3Other members of the royal family were allowed to wear dragon symbols，too，but

8、 with fewer claws and of a different colour.也允许皇室的其他成员穿带有龙标志的袍子，但袍子上龙的爪子少了并且颜色也不同。4There have been reports of monsters in Lake Tianchi since the beginning of the last century，although no one has seen one close up.自上世纪初以来，一直就有关于天池怪物的报道，尽管还不曾有人近距离地目睹过。.单词拼写1The high wind passed and the sea was calm (平

9、静) again.2The older a person is，the slower it will be for him to adapt (适应) to changes.3An underground organization has claimed (声称) for the bomb explosion.4Ms Alice is considered a generous (慷慨的) lady by us，for she often helps the poor people.5He is a wellrespected teacher and has won a good reputa

10、tion (名声) for all he has done for the kids.6A big fish quickly jumped over the surface (表面)of the lake.7The first living creature (动物)sent into space was a dog named Laika.8People always want to know when the earth began to exist (存在)9The famous writer is still sharp (敏捷的)in thought though he has at

11、tained the age of ninetytwo.10He told us a mysterious (神秘的)story，which interested us a lot.词性变化练习1Police are trying to discover the identity (identify) of the baby found by the side of a road.2The scene was so frightening (frighten)that the crowd left quickly.3Here I will stress some smarter and mor

12、e creative examples of climate adaptation (adapt)54While people may refer to television for uptodate news，it is unlikely (likely) that television will replace the newspaper completely.5Some natural mysteries of the ancient times are still mysterious to people today.(mystery)6Fortunately，he came to t

13、he new island safely.It is also fortunate for him to make his fortune here.(fortune)7There exists an old hospital at the corner，but no one knows when it came into existence(exist)8People destroy forests and rivers for their own benefit.Their destructive activities are likely to cause the destruction

14、 of the earth.(destroy).选词填空adapt to，die out，throw light on，due to，cut off，be related to，be sceptical about，come straight to the point，stick out，close to1He had hardly turned on the TV when the power was cut_off2The doctor asked him to stick_out his tongue.3He brought with him his friend Mercutio，wh

15、o was_related_to the Prince.4Your statement does not throw_light_on the subject.5The building is conveniently located close_to public transportations.6No one has come up with a convincing explanation of why dinosaur died_out7Since you have known the reason why I come here，I will come_straight_to_the

16、_point8I was_sceptical_about what he had said because he darent look me in the eye.9Due_to your dishonesty，our cooperation will come to an end.10Human beings will continue to adapt_to the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing ways.完成句子61Scientists claimed to_have_made_a_major_breakthroug

17、h in the fight against cancer.科学家们声称在攻克癌症方面取得了重大突破。2They are_unlikely_to_catch the train to Beijing.他们不可能赶上去北京的火车了。3A harmonious family is of_benefit_to a childs personal development.一个和谐的家庭对于孩子的个人成长是有益的。4As long as there_have_been codes，people have tried to break them.只要有密码，人们就试图破译它。核心要点突破1exist vi

18、.存在；生存；生活；继续存在(1)exist in 存在于exist onlive on 靠生存；靠生活There exist(s) 有(2)existence n. 存在；生存；生活in existence 现存的；存在的come into existence/being 开始存在单句语法填空/句型转换Nowadays，there are still many people wondering when the earth came into existence (exist)Many materials can exist in a variety of solid forms.Many

19、materials can lie_in a variety of solid forms.Many materials can consist_in a variety of solid forms.佳句背诵 It was impossible for them to exist on such a small income.他们要靠这一点收入生活是不可能的。名师指津 exist 是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态和进行时。2.adapt v.(使)适应；(使)适合；改编；改写(1)adapt oneself to 使自己适应7adapt to 适应adapt.from. 根据改写/改编adap

20、t.for. 改(编)为之用(2)adaptable adj. 能适应的；可修改的adaptation n. 适应；改编；改写本单句语法填空It was the culture，rather than the language，that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.(福建高考单选)Mike，Mary and I had a discussion about the adaptation (adapt) of the classic literature yesterday.Have you watche

21、d the TV series The Ordinary World adapted from Lu Yaos novel of the same name?佳句背诵 To all of you，fresh students，how to adapt yourselves to the new environment is the first thing that you have to face.(江西高考满分作文)对你们所有新生来说，如何使自己适应新的环境是你们必须面对的第一件事。3.fortune n.运气；命运；财富(1)try ones fortune 碰运气bring good f

22、ortune 带来好运seek ones fortune 寻找出路make a fortune 发财(2)fortunate adj. 运气好的；幸运的fortunately adv. 幸运地unfortunately adv. 不幸地；遗憾地单句语法填空We shared the belief that if youre fortunate (fortune) enough to have success，you should put something back.It is said that the old man made a fortune abroad by collecting

23、old things.佳句背诵 In China，children are given money in a red envelope to bring good 8fortune in the New Year.在中国，给孩子们压岁钱时把钱装在红色信封里，以祈求在新的一年带来好运。4.calm adj.平静的；镇静的 v.使平静；镇定下来 n.平静，宁静(1)be/keep/stay/remain calm 冷静；保持镇静(2)calm oneself down 使自己镇静下来calm down 平息，使平静；平静下来，镇静下来单句语法填空The police found that it w

24、as difficult to calm down the angry crowd.He took a few deep breaths to calm himself (he) down.佳句背诵 To be honest，it was Sus fault but Li was also to blamethey were not calm enough and both said some really mean things.(江苏高考书面表达)说实话，是苏的错但李也该受到责备他们都不够冷静，两个人的确都说了些刻薄的话。5.die out 灭绝；(习俗、习惯等)消失die away (声

25、音或感情等)慢慢变弱，渐渐消失die down (风或噪音等)渐弱；逐渐平息die off 先后死去；一一死去die of/from. 死于die for 为而死；渴望句式升级In her speech，she announced that Smallpox had completely died out in this country.When the applause died down，she began her speech.When_the_applause_died_down，she_began_her_speech_in_which_she_announced_that_Smal

26、lpox_had_completely_died_out_in_this_country. (用定语从句合并句)6.due to 因为；应支付；归功于be due to sb 应付给某人；归因于某人be due to do sth 预定/预期做某事单句语法填空9That money is due to me，but I havent got it yet.佳句背诵 The meeting was due to start at 3 oclock.However，it had to be put off to 5 oclock due to the bad weather.会议预计 3 点开始，

27、然而，由于恶劣的天气不得不推迟到 5 点。7.to have doneHe claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.(教材原句)他声称看见一个黑黑的、圆圆的动物在水中快速游动。(1)本句中的 to have seen 是动词不定式的完成式，表示动作发生在句子谓语动作 claim之前。(2)动词不定式的三种形式：一般式 to be done/to do表示不定式的动作与谓语动作同一时间发生或发生在谓语动作之后进行式 to be doing表示不定式的动作与谓语动作同一时间发生，并且动作

28、正在进行完成式to have done/to have been done表示不定式的动作发生在主句谓语动作之前He is thought to have acted foolishly.Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.他被认为做了愚蠢的事。现在他失去这份工作只能怨他自己，不能怨别人。The boy pretended to_be_concentrating (concentrate) on his lesson，but in fact his mind was wandering.In order not t

29、o_be_deserted (desert) by the society，no matter who we are，we must relate to the call of the times.考纲词汇专练.多义词专练写出下列句中 claim 的含义vt.& n.声称；主张；认领；索赔；夺去(生命)1.Although no one really got a clear look at the mysterious creature，Xue Junlin，a local photographer，claimed that its head looked like a horse.(教材10

30、原句)声称 2.The police said that if no one claims the watch，you can keep it.认领 3.Hurricane Sandy has claimed thousands of lives.夺去(生命).微阅读写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义1.If your awareness is as sharp as it could be，youll have no trouble answering these questions.(2018天津高考)敏锐的 2.American pikas or rock rabbits，a relative

31、of rabbits and hares，might be the first of these species to go extinct due to climate change.(浙江高考)灭绝的3.This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s.(2018全国卷) 发展；进化；演变 .微完形根据语境选出合适的词语1.Research indicates that some animals are _ from the world.First，one rea

32、son why they go extinct is that they cant adapt to the environment.Second，some people destroy their habitats to make a _.So many people claim that the government should take measures to protect animals.A.disappearing B.emergingC.existing D.enlargingA.deal B.differenceC.living D.fortune答案 A D2.Tom is

33、 about thirty years old and he likes boasting (吹嘘).One day when we talked about a robbery occurring in our town，he said he kept _ when he was _ by a robber.Whats more，he claimed to have fought with the robber bravely.It was clear that he was telling lies.A.still B.calmC.silent D.quietA.attacked B.cr

34、iticized11C.punished D.hugged答案 B A.在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式热考常考1.There exists a good way to solve the existing problem now.(exist)2.Lucy left the very spot and disappeared (disappear) in the distance.3.The fire caused the destruction (destroy) of my narrow raft.4.There are a lot of signs indicatin

35、g (indicate) they are likely to trade with the big company.5.I know that some are skeptical about the size and the scale of this recovery plan.6.The questions he raised during the discussion were all very much to the point.7.At least 3，000 athletes are competing fiercely (fierce) in the game.8.The e

36、arth is unlikely to_be (be) the only planet where life has developed gradually.9.You never know how shell react because she is so unpredictable (predict).10.The university，covering (cover) an area of 100 square kilometers，is surrounded with trees and flowers.用所给动词的正确形式填空不规则变化1.Some photos taken (tak

37、e) by his colleague were not clear because it was too far away.2.Like the giant pandas，the antelopes in Tibet are also in danger of dying (die) out.3.He threw (throw) light on the problem the other day，so the children understood him.根据语境选出加黑词的正确含义熟词生义A.admit B.dealing with C.ask for money121.Because

38、 the accident had not been her fault，Barbara was able to claim damages.C 2.Lisa set about attacking the problem immediately she returned from holiday.B.完形填空A couple of years ago, there were billboards about the achievements of Boston Athletic Association.Beside the photos were some _1_ words, expres

39、sing the reasons for running.Each had different words, but one really _2_It was simple：“Because I can.”As kids, many tales told us about the spirit of determination, of believing in ourselves.As _3_， we dont always have tales to teach us these valuable lessons.As a result, we start making _4_ “Becau

40、se I can” removes these excuses.It gives us a lesson to do the things that we think we _5_And, it enables us to believe in ourselves.Practicing “can” thinking is important to keeping us young, to having a(n) _6_ outlook, to staying active and to _7_ our goals.Further, it can help us _8_ richer and f

41、uller lives.The fact that you have the ability to do something gives you the power to do it, _9_ the task might be.How can you use the power of “Because I can”？ Here are three ways：Be more active._10_ it is to get to the store or work, or if it is climbing the _11_ instead of taking the lift, holdin

42、g a “Because I can” _12_ is an easy way to include more activities in your life.Break the “Im tired” or “It is too hard” or “It is too far” cycle.Increasing your activity level will _13_ a lot of benefits.Try something new.It is easy for us to make excuses for why we shouldnt try new things.Maybe yo

43、u think it is _14_ your comfort zone.Maybe it seems too difficult.Telling _15_ that “You can” try something new will help you to _16_ past these road blocks and _17_ new things about yourself and 13possible new interests.Increase your willpower.Saying “No” to our favorite things is not easy._18_， de

44、veloping a strong willpower is something that is good for you._19_ time you want to do something you think you might _20_， try telling yourself that you can say no.You have the power.【语篇解读】 本文为议论文。本文告诉读者你应该拥有“我认为我能”的生活态度。那么怎样运用“因为我能行”的力量呢？文章给出了三种方式：更加积极，尝试新事物和磨炼意志力。1A.disappointing BpuzzlingCsatisfy

45、ing Dencouraging答案 D 根据下文“It was simple：Because I can.”可推断，在图片的旁边有一些令人鼓舞的(encouraging)话语。故选 D 项。2A.stood out Bturned outCheld out Dpicked out答案 A 由 but 推断，句意：每一个都有不同的引述，然而有一条引述却特别的引人注目，语言很简单：“因为我能行。 ”stand out 突出；显眼； turn out 结果是；hold out伸出；pick out 挑选。故选 A 项。3A.teachers BrunnersCadults Daudience答案

46、C 根据上文提到的“As kids.”可推断，作为孩子，许多故事告诉我们要有决心，要相信自己。到了成人(adults)时，我们并不会有故事来教给我们这些宝贵的经验。故选 C 项。4A.differences BexcusesCadjustments Dpreparations答案 B 根据下文“Because I canremoves these excuses.”可推断，结果，我们开始找借口(excuses)。difference 不同之处；adjustment 调整；preparation 准备。故选 B 项。5A.cant Bmustnt 14Cshouldnt Dneednt答案 A

47、根据上文的“Because I can”可推断， “因为我能行”可以消除这些借口，它教给我们去做我们认为自己不能做(cant)的事情。mustnt 禁止；shouldnt 不应当；neednt 不必要，不需要。故选 A 项。6A.sensitive BpositiveCimaginative Dobjective答案 B 根据上文“keeping us young”可推断，不断实践“能行”的思考对保持年轻很重要，对拥有一个积极的(positive)观点，让自己保持积极的状态，最终达到我们的目标都很重要。sensitive 敏感的；imaginative 富于想象力的；objective 客观的

48、。故选 B项。7A.developing BmakingCsetting Dreaching答案 D 不断实践“能行”的思考对保持年轻很重要，对拥有一个积极的观点，让自己保持积极的状态，最终达到(reaching)我们的目标都很重要。故选 D 项。8A.arrange BbuildClead Dchange答案 C 根据语境可知，进而，它可以帮助我们过一种更丰富、更完美的生活。lead.a life 过的生活。故选 C 项。9A.whichever BwheneverCwherever Dwhatever答案 D 根据上文句意：你有能力做某事的事实给了你力量无论任务可能是什么。whatever 引导让步状语从句，在从句中作表语。故选 D 项。10A.Whether BIfCThough DSince答案 A 根据语境可知，无论(whether)是去商店或去工作，还是用爬楼梯取