SANS 53857-1-2008 Explosives for civil uses Part 1 Terminology《民用爆炸品 第1部分 术语》.pdf

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1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA

2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any

3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-0-21742-6 SANS 53857-1:2008Edition 1EN 13857-1:2003Edition 1SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Explosives for civil uses Part 1: Terminology

4、This national standard is the identical implementation of EN 13857-1:2003 and is adopted with the permission of the CEN, rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag x191 Pretoria 0001 Tel: +27 12 428 7911 fax: +27 12 344 1568 www

5、.sabs.co.za SABS SANS 53857-1:2008 Edition 1 EN 13857-1:2003 Edition 1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS TC 1064, Explosives and detonators, in accordance with procedures of SABS Standards Division, in complia

6、nce with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This document was published in August 2008. EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 13857-1July 2003ICS 01.040.71; 71.100.30English versionExplosives for civil uses - Part 1: TerminologyExplosifs usage civil - Partie 1: Terminologie Explosivstoffe

7、 fr zivile Zwecke - Teil 1: TerminologieThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 May 2003.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-d

8、ate lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the res

9、ponsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembour

10、g, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and UnitedKingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2003 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and

11、 by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 13857-1:2003 ESANS 53857-1:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .EN 13857-1:2003 (E)2ContentspageForeword31 Scope 32 Terms and definitions3Annex ZA (informativ

12、e) Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or otherprovisions of EU Directives 9SANS 53857-1:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .EN 13857-1:2003 (E)3ForewordThis document (EN 13857-1:2003) has been

13、prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 321 “Explosives for civiluses“, the secretariat of which is held by AENOR.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text orby endorsement, at the latest by January 2004, and conflicting nation

14、al standards shall be withdrawn at the latestby January 2004.This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the EuropeanFree Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative a

15、nnex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.This European Standard is one of a series of general standards on Explosives for civil uses. The other part of thisseries is:EN 13857-3 Part 3: Information to be provided by the manufacturer or his authorised representative to the user.According to

16、 the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the : Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.national standards organizations of

17、the followingcountries are bound to implement this European Standard1 ScopeThis European Standard defines the key technical terms used in the European Standards developed in the field ofexplosives for civil uses.2 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms a

18、nd definitions apply:2.1abrasion resistanceability to withstand the reduction of the thickness of the covering of detonator leading wires or of detonating cord orof shock tube by local friction2.2acceptor chargecharge of explosive receiving a stimulus from another charge2.3base chargeexplosive mass

19、contained in the base of a detonator and intended to provide the main output energyNOTE A base charge normally consists of a secondary explosive, for example Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN)2.4black powderintimate mixture of sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate with charcoal or other carbon, with

20、or without sulfurSANS 53857-1:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .EN 13857-1:2003 (E)42.5blasting accessoriesnon-explosive devices used in blastingNOTE Examples of blasting accessories are blasting machines, circuit testers, s

21、hot firing cable2.6boosterexplosive device used as a donor charge to amplify the energy supplied to the acceptor charge2.7bridgewireresistance wire connecting the leading wires inside an electric detonator or electro-explosive device2.8bulk explosiveexplosive which is not cartridged and can be loade

22、d by pouring (under gravity), pumping or pneumatic means2.9burning durationtime for burning through a defined length of safety fuse, in seconds2.10cartridged explosiveexplosive enclosed in a casing (usually cylindrical) formed from paper, cardboard, plastics or other material andused in this form2.1

23、1crimpcompression closure at the end of a detonator to hold in place safety fuse or to secure and provide a seal for shocktube or leading wires of an electric fuse2.12decompositionchemical reaction of a substance which is not a detonation, resulting in significant change in properties2.13deflagratio

24、nreaction of combustion through a substance at sub-sonic velocity in the reacting substance2.14delay elementpart of a delay detonator which provides a time delay between activation of the detonator and detonation of thebase charge2.15delay intervaldifference in time between adjacent detonators in a

25、delay series2.16delay numbernumber given to a delay detonator to show its relative position in a given series2.17delay timeelapsed time between the activation and detonation of a delay detonator2.18detonating cordarticle consisting of a core of detonating explosive (usually PETN) surrounded by a fle

26、xible outer covering or cladby soft metal tubeSANS 53857-1:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .EN 13857-1:2003 (E)5NOTE The explosive charge in a detonating cord can vary from 1,0 g/m to 200 g/m2.19detonationreaction which mov

27、es through an explosive material at supersonic velocity in the reacting material2.20detonation velocityvelocity at which the detonation travels through the explosive column or charge, in m/s2.21detonatorarticle consisting of a small metal or plastics tube containing a primary explosives charge such

28、as lead azide, and asecondary explosives charge such as PETN, or other combinations of explosives normally not exceeding a mass of2 g2.22detonator, delaydetonator assembly in which a time delay between activation and detonation is includedNOTE Delay detonators can be electronic, electric or non-elec

29、tric2.23detonator, electricdetonator assembly activated by means of an electrical currentNOTE Electric detonators include d.c. and a.c. (magnetically coupled) systems2.24detonator, electronicdetonator assembly in which the time delay is achieved by means of an electronic chip activated by electric o

30、r non-electric stimuli2.25detonator, instantaneousdetonator with no nominal delay time2.26detonator, non-electricdetonator assembly activated by means of shock tube or other means not involving electrical stimuli as the primarymode of initiation2.27detonator, plaininstantaneous detonator supplied wi

31、thout means of activationNOTE Plain detonators are normally activated by means of detonating cord, safety fuse, pyrotechnic igniter, or shock tube2.28donor chargecharge of explosive supplying a stimulus to another charge2.29explosionsudden release of energy producing blast effect with possible proje

32、ction of fragmentsNOTE The term explosion encompasses fast combustion, detonation and deflagrationSANS 53857-1:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .EN 13857-1:2003 (E)62.30explosivesolid or liquid substance or mixture of substa

33、nces which by intrinsic chemical reaction is capable of producing anexplosion2.31extreme conditionsconditions of high or low temperatures and/or pressures and/or humidity outside the range of applicability of thetest method2.32firing currentconstant electrical direct current required to reliably act

34、ivate an electric detonator, in ampere (A)2.33firing current, serieslowest constant direct current which will reliably activate all detonators in a series-connected round2.34firing impulseelectrical energy divided by the electrical resistance of the detonator assembly which will activate an electric

35、detonator or electro-explosive device, expressed in mJ/ohm2.35firing timeelapsed time between application of the firing current and the detonation of a detonator with no nominal delay time2.36flash-over voltageminimum direct voltage which will give electrical breakdown between the conductor system a

36、nd metal casing of thedetonator2.37gap testtest to determine the greatest distance over which a donor charge is capable of initiating an acceptor charge2.38high explosivesubstance or mixture of substances that can undergo a fast internal decomposition reaction leading to a detonationin its normal us

37、e2.39initiating capabilitycapacity of an explosive substance or article to transmit detonation to another substance or article under definedconditions2.40nominal delay intervaldifference in nominal delay time between adjacent delay numbers in a series of delay detonators2.41nominal delay timetime de

38、fined by the manufacturer for a specific detonator in a delay series2.42overlap probabilitystatistical probability that a delay detonator of a given delay number in a delay series will detonate out of sequenceSANS 53857-1:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and f

39、reemailing clients of the SABS .EN 13857-1:2003 (E)72.43primary explosiveexplosive substance which is sensitive to spark, friction, impact or flame and is capable of promoting initiation in anunconfined stateNOTE A primary explosive is commonly used in a detonator to initiate the secondary explosive

40、 base charge2.44propagation of detonationability to maintain a detonation front throughout the whole mass of an explosive2.45propellantdeflagrating explosive used for propulsion or for reducing drag of projectilesNOTE Propellants can also be used as components of gas generators or other items2.46ran

41、ge of applicability of a test methodthe conditions, for example temperature or pressure, over which the test method can be performed withoutsignificant modification to the apparatus and procedure described in the relevant standard2.47range of validity of a test resultthe upper and lower limit of the

42、 relevant parameter, for example temperature or pressure, within which the resultsobtained from a test carried out under ambient conditions or the conditions specified in the test method areassumed to be applicable2.48relay, detonating cordarticle containing tubes with charges of pyrotechnic delay c

43、omposition and explosive, used to connect detonatingcords and provide a defined delay in the propagation of detonating cord2.49safety fusearticle consisting of a core of fine-grained black powder surrounded by a flexible woven fabric with one or moreprotective coveringsNOTE A safety fuse burns on ig

44、nition at a predetermined rate without any external explosive effect2.50sensitisersubstance used to increase susceptibility to initiation2.51sensitivenesssusceptibility of explosive to an external stimulus such as impact, flame, friction or to a temperature, pressure,humidity condition leading to a

45、reaction or impairment of functioning2.52shelf lifetime period for which an explosive or device can be stored or maintained under specific conditions before use ordisposal without becoming unsafe or failing to meet specified performance criteria2.53shock tubetube usually containing a dusting of expl

46、osive charge on the inner wall capable on activation of transmitting a shockwave from one end of the tube to the other at a constant velocity and having no external explosive effectNOTE A shock tube is commonly used as a component of detonator assembliesSANS 53857-1:2008This s tandard may only be us

47、ed and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .EN 13857-1:2003 (E)82.54surface connectordevice containing an explosive charge with or without a time delay, used on the surface of a blast for transferring asignal or shock wave from one initiating unit to another or from

48、one initiating unit to shock tube(s)2.55witness plateplate, usually of metal (lead, steel or aluminium), used to detect the occurrence of a detonation or the impact offragments or debris from an explosionSANS 53857-1:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freema

49、iling clients of the SABS .EN 13857-1:2003 (E)9Annex ZA(informative)Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements orother provisions of EU DirectivesThis European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and theEuropean Free Trade Association and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 93/15/EEC.WARNING : Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within thescope of this standard.The clauses of this standard are likely to support requirements I.1, I.2, I.3, II.1(a)-