SANS 50196-1-2006 Methods of testing cement Part 1 Determination of strength《水泥试验方法 第1部分 强度测定》.pdf

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1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA

2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any

3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ICS 91.100.10 ISBN 0-626-17596-8 SANS 50196-1:2006Edition 2EN 196-1:2005Edition 2SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Methods of testing cement Part 1: Determ

4、ination of strength This national standard is the identical implementation of EN 196-1:2005 and is adopted with the permission of CEN, rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels. Published by Standards South Africa 1 dr lategan road groenkloof private bag x191 pretoria 0001 tel: 012 428 7911 fax: 012 344 1

5、568 international code + 27 12 www.stansa.co.za Standards South Africa SANS 50196-1:2006 Edition 2 EN 196-1:2005 Edition 2 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope Abstract Describes the method for the determination of the compressive strength and, optionally, the flexural strength of cement mortar. K

6、eywords binding agents, cement mortar, cements, certification, composition, compressive strength, construction, construction materials, inspection, laboratory testing, mortars, production, reference methods, strength of materials, strength tests, test equipment, testing, test pieces, test reports, t

7、est specimens. National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee StanSA SC 5120.61A, Construction standards Cement, lime and concrete, in accordance with procedures of Standards South Africa, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS edition cancel

8、s and replaces the first SABS edition (SABS EN 196-1:1994). In South Africa, the preferred temperature of the air in the laboratories where the tests are carried out is 22 C to 25 C. Where test specimens are stored in water, the preferred temperature of the water in the laboratories where the tests

9、are carried out is 22 C to 24 C. EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 196-1 February 2005 ICS 91.100.10 Supersedes EN 196-1:1994 English version Methods of testing cement - Part 1: Determination of strength Mthodes dessais des ciments - Partie 1: Dtermination des rsistances mcaniques

10、 Prfverfahren fr Zement - Teil 1: Bestimmung der Festigkeit This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 December 2004. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard wit

11、hout any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language

12、made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germa

13、ny, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Managemen

14、t Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 196-1:2005: EEN 196-1:2005 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword. 3 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references . 5 3 Principle . 5 4 Laboratory and equ

15、ipment. 6 4.1 Laboratory . 6 4.2 General requirements for the equipment . 6 4.3 Test sieves. 6 4.4 Mixer. 7 4.5 Moulds 8 4.6 Jolting apparatus 12 4.7 Flexural strength testing apparatus 13 4.8 Compressive strength testing machine14 4.9 Jig for compressive strength testing machine 15 4.10 Balance 16

16、4.11 Timer. 16 5 Mortar constituents. 17 5.1 Sand 17 5.2 Cement . 18 5.3 Water 18 6 Preparation of mortar . 18 6.1 Composition of mortar . 18 6.2 Mixing of mortar 18 7 Preparation of test specimens. 19 7.1 Size of specimens. 19 7.2 Moulding of test specimens. 19 8 Conditioning of test specimens 19 8

17、.1 Handling and storage before demoulding 19 8.2 Demoulding of specimens . 19 8.3 Curing of specimens in water 20 8.4 Age of specimens for strength tests. 20 9 Testing procedures. 20 9.1 Flexural strength. 20 9.2 Compressive strength 21 10 Results . 21 10.1 Flexural strength. 21 10.2 Compressive str

18、ength 22 11 Validation testing of CEN Standard sand and of alternative compaction equipment . 23 11.1 General. 23 11.2 Validation testing of CEN Standard sand.23 11.3 Validation testing of alternative compaction equipment 27 Annex A (normative) Alternative vibration compaction equipment and procedur

19、es validated as equivalent to the reference jolting compaction equipment and procedure. 29 EN 196-1:2005 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 196-1:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 51 Cement and building limes, the secretariat of which is held by IBN/BIN. This European Standard shal

20、l be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2005. This document supersedes EN 196-1:1994. This European Standard on the methods

21、of testing cement comprises the following Parts: EN 196-1, Methods of testing cement Part 1: Determination of strength EN 196-2, Methods of testing cement Part 2: Chemical analysis of cement EN 196-3, Methods of testing cement Part 3: Determination of setting time and soundness EN 196-5, Methods of

22、testing cement Part 5: Pozzolanicity test for pozzolanic cements EN 196-6, Methods of testing cement Part 6: Determination of fineness EN 196-7, Methods of testing cement Part 7: Methods of taking and preparing samples of cement EN 196-8, Methods of testing cement Part 8: Heat of hydration Solution

23、method EN 196-9, Methods of testing cement Part 9: Heat of hydration Semi-adiabatic method NOTE A previous Part, EN 196-21: Methods of testing cement Part 21: Determination of the chloride, carbon dioxide and alkali content of cement, has been revised and incorporated into EN 196-2 Another document,

24、 ENV 196-4 Methods of testing cement Part 4: Quantitative determination of constituents, has been drafted and will be published as a CEN Technical Report. This edition introduces the following technical changes based on comments received by the secretariat. a) The testing procedure has been revised

25、with respect to hardness and surface texture of moulds (4.5) and compression strength testing machine platens (4.8) as supplied; suitability of mould oil (4.5); frequency of operation of jolting apparatus (4.6); the inclusion and accuracy of a balance (4.10); deionised water is now permitted (5.3);

26、procedures for mixing mortar (6.2) and the moulding (7) and conditioning (8) of test specimens have been revised to reflect current best practice. b) Test results (10) are now reported in megapascals replacing newtons per square millimetre. (One megapascal is equivalent to one newton per square mill

27、imetre). c) The requirement for a flexural strength testing machine (4.7) is now optional. d) Estimates of the precision for compressive strength testing (10.2.3) have been revised to include both short and long term repeatability together with reproducibility data for laboratories of normal perform

28、ance and an indication of precision data for expert laboratories. EN 196-1:2005 (E) 4 e) The procedure for validation testing of CEN Standard sand (11.2) includes initial certification testing, validation criteria, verification testing and annual confirmation testing. f) The procedure for validation

29、 testing of alternative compaction equipment (11.3) has been revised and a normative annex (annex A) has been introduced detailing two alternative vibration compaction equipments which have been validated. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the

30、 following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,

31、Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 196-1:2005 (E) 5 1 Scope This document describes the method for the determination of the compressive and, optionally, the flexural strength of cement mortar. The method applies to common cements and to other cements and materials, the standards for which ca

32、ll up this method. It may not apply to other cement types that have, for example, a very short initial setting time. The method is used for assessing whether the compressive strength of cement is in conformity with its specification and for validation testing of a CEN Standard sand, EN 196-1, or alt

33、ernative compaction equipment. This document describes the reference equipment and procedure and allows alternative compaction equipment and procedures to be used provided that they have been validated in accordance with the appropriate provisions in this document. In the event of a dispute, only th

34、e reference equipment and procedure are used. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any a

35、mendments) applies. EN 197-1, Cement Part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements EN 196-7, Methods of testing cement Methods of taking and preparing samples of cement EN ISO 1302, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Indication of surface texture in technical p

36、roduct documentation (ISO 1302:2002) EN ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials Verification of static uniaxial testing machines Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines - Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system (ISO 7500-1:2004) ISO 565, Test sieves Metal wire cloth, perforated metal

37、plate and electroformed sheet Nominal sizes of openings ISO 1101:, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Geometrical tolerancing Tolerances of form, orientation, location and run-out ISO 3310-1, Test sieves Technical requirements and testing Part 1: Test sieves of metal wire cloth ISO 4200, Plain

38、 end steel tubes, welded and seamless; general tables of dimensions and masses per unit length 3 Principle The method comprises the determination of the compressive, and optionally the flexural, strength of prismatic test specimens 40 mm 40 mm 160 mm in size. These specimens are cast from a batch of

39、 plastic mortar containing one part by mass of cement, three parts by mass of CEN Standard sand and one half part of water (water/cement ratio 0,50). CEN Standard sands from various sources and countries may be used provided that they have been shown to give cement strength results which do not diff

40、er significantly from those obtained using the CEN Reference sand (see Clause 11). EN 196-1:2005 (E) 6 In the reference procedure the mortar is prepared by mechanical mixing and is compacted in a mould using a jolting apparatus. Alternative compaction equipment and procedures may be used provided th

41、at they have been shown to give cement strength results which do not differ significantly from those obtained using the reference jolting apparatus and procedure (see Clause 11 and Annex A). The specimens are stored in the mould in a moist atmosphere for 24 h and, after demoulding, specimens are sto

42、red under water until strength testing. At the required age, the specimens are taken from their wet storage, broken in flexure, determining the flexural strength where required, or broken using other suitable means which do not subject the prism halves to harmful stresses, and each half tested for s

43、trength in compression. 4 Laboratory and equipment 4.1 Laboratory The laboratory where preparation of specimens takes place shall be maintained at a temperature of (20 2)C and a relative humidity of not less than 50 %. The moist air room or the large cabinet for storage of the specimens in the mould

44、 shall be maintained at a temperature of (20,0 1,0)C and a relative humidity of not less than 90 %. The storage containers for curing the specimens in water, and the grates with which they are fitted, shall be of material which does not react with cement. The temperature of the water shall be mainta

45、ined at (20,0 1,0) C. The temperature and relative humidity of the air in the laboratory and the temperature of the water in the storage containers shall be recorded at least once a day during working hours. The temperature and relative humidity of the moist air room or cabinet shall be recorded at

46、least every 4 h. Cement, CEN Standard sand (see 5.1.3), water and apparatus used to make and test specimens shall be at a temperature of (20 2) C. Where temperature ranges are given, the target temperature at which the controls are set shall be the middle value of the range. 4.2 General requirements

47、 for the equipment The tolerances shown in Figures 1 to 5 are important for correct operation of the equipment in the testing procedure. When regular control measurements show that the tolerances are not met, the equipment shall be rejected, adjusted or repaired. Records of control measurements shal

48、l be kept. Acceptance measurements on new equipment shall cover mass, volume, and dimensions to the extent that these are indicated in this document paying particular attention to those critical dimensions for which tolerances are specified. In those cases where the material of the equipment can inf

49、luence the results, the material is specified and shall be used. The approximate dimensions shown in the figures are provided as guidance to equipment manufacturers or operators. Dimensions, which include tolerances, are obligatory. 4.3 Test sieves Wire cloth test sieves conforming to ISO 3310-1 shall be of the sizes from ISO 565 given in Table 1 (series R 20). EN 196-1:2005 (E) 7 Table 1 Aperture of test sieves Square mesh size (mm) 2,00 1,60 1,00 0,50 0,16 0,08 4.4 Mixer The mixer shall consist ess