SAE AMS 2759 5D-2004 Heat Treatment Martensitic Corrosion-Resistant Steel Parts《热处理马氏耐蚀钢件》.pdf

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1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there

2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2014 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this p

3、ublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-497

4、0 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/AMS2759/5D AEROSPACE MATERIAL SPECIFICATION AMS2759/5 REV. D Issued 1984-10 Revis

5、ed 2004-06 Reaffirmed 2014-04 Superseding AMS2759/5C Heat Treatment Martensitic Corrosion-Resistant Steel Parts RATIONALE AMS2759/5D has been reaffirmed to comply with the SAE five-year review policy. 1. SCOPE:This specification, in conjunction with the general requirements for steel heat treatment

6、covered in AMS 2759, establishes the requirements for heat treatment of martensitic corrosion-resistant steel parts. Parts are defined in AMS 2759.1.1 Application: This specification is applicable to parts made from the following steels: Types 403, 410, 416, 420, 422, 431, 440C, and Greek Ascoloy (U

7、NS S40300, S41000, S41600, S42000, S42200, S43100, S44004, and S41800 respectively).2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS: The issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent supplied herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revisi

8、on of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no superseding document has been specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply.2.1 SAE Publications: Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096

9、-0001 or www.sae.org.AMS 2759 Heat Treatment of Steel Parts, GeneralARP1820 Chord Method of Evaluating Surface Microstructural CharacteristicsSAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2759/5D Page 2 of 11 2.2 ASTM Publications: Available from ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 o

10、r www.astm.org.ASTM A 380 Cleaning and Descaling Stainless Steel Parts, Equipment, and Systems3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS: 3.1 Heat Treatment: Shall conform to AMS 2759 and the requirements specified herein.3.2 Equipment: Shall conform to AMS 2759. Furnace temperature uniformity requirements for annea

11、ling, subcritical annealing, hardening, straightening, stress relieving, and baking shall be 25 F (14 C), and for tempering shall be 15 F (8 C).3.3 Heating Environment: Parts shall be controlled by type (See 3.3.1), and heat treated in the class of atmosphere (See 3.3.2) permitted in Table 1 for tha

12、t type when heating above 1250 F (677 C). When heating parts at 1250 F (677 C) or below, Class A, B, or C atmosphere may be used (See 8.2).TABLE 1 - Atmospheres (1) (2)Part Classification (3) Class A Class B (4) Class CType 1Type 2Type 3Type 4PermittedPermittedPermittedPermittedPermittedPROHIBITED (

13、5)PermittedPermitted (6)PermittedPermitted (6)PROHIBITEDPROHIBITEDNOTES:(1) Austenitizing in atmospheres containing hydrogen shall be limited to parts to betempered above 1000 F (538 C). Annealing in hydrogen-containing atmospheresis permitted.(2) Atmospheres containing nitrogen at 1800 F (982 C) an

14、d higher shall not bepermitted when finished machined surfaces exist.(3) See 3.5.1.2.(4) Endothermic and carbon-containing nitrogen-base atmosphere are prohibited for 431 and when heat treating any alloy to 180 ksi (1241 MPa) or higher.(5) Permitted provided the atmosphere is controlled not to produ

15、ce carburization or or nitriding as described in 3.5.1.(6) Prohibited if a specific requirement to control the surface carbon on all surfacesis specified.SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2759/5D Page 3 of 11 3.3.1 Types of Parts: The heat treating processor shall determine the part type.Type 1: Parts with 0.020

16、-inch (0.5-mm) or more to be machined off all surfaces after heat treatment and parts with as-forged, as-cast, or hot-finished mill surfaces at time of heat treatment with all surfaces to be machined off. Unless informed that all surfaces will have at least 0.020-inch (0.51-mm) machined off, the hea

17、t treating processor shall assume parts will not be machined and shall control the part as Type 2, 3, or 4 as applicable.Type 2: Forgings, castings, sheet, strip, plate, bar, rod, tubing, and extrusions with hot-finished surfaces, at time of heat treatment, which will remain on the finished part.Typ

18、e 3: Parts with finished machined surfaces or surfaces with less than 0.020-inch (0.51-mm) to be machined off any surface after heat treatment and parts with protective coating on all surfaces.Type 4: Parts that are partially machined with both unmachined, as-forged, as-cast, orhot-finished mill sur

19、faces and finished machined surfaces or machined surfaces with less than 0.020-inch (0.51-mm) to be machined off after heat treatment.3.3.1.1 If part type cannot be determined, the part shall be processed as Type 3.3.3.2 Classes of Atmospheres: Class A: Argon, hydrogen, helium, nitrogen, nitrogen-hy

20、drogen blends, vacuum, or neutralmolten salt. Nitrogen from dissociated ammonia is not permitted.Class B: Endothermic, exothermic, or carbon-containing nitrogen-base (See 8.2).Class C: Air or products of combustion.3.3.3 Atmosphere: Atmosphere furnaces shall be controlled to ensure that the surfaces

21、 of heat treated parts are within the limits specified in 3.5.1. Salt baths shall be tested in accordance with AMS 2759.3.3.3.1 Dew Point: Hydrogen and hydrogen-containing blends and atmospheres shall have a dew point of -40 F (-40 C) or lower in or at the exit of the furnace working zone.3.3.4 Prot

22、ective Coatings: A supplemental coating or plating is permitted when approved by the cognizant engineering organization (See 8.3).3.4 Procedure: 3.4.1 Acid Cleaning: Parts, except for Type 1, shall be acid cleaned in accordance with ASTM A 380 before thermal treatment following forming with dies mad

23、e from lead, kirksite, or other low-melting temperature materials.SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2759/5D Page 4 of 11 3.4.2 Preheating: Preheating, until furnace stabilization in the 1200 to 1500 F (649 to 816 C) range, is recommended before heating parts above 1500 F (816 C) if the parts have previously been

24、 heat treated to a hardness greater than 35 HRC, have abrupt changes of section thickness, have sharp reentrant angles, have finished machined surfaces, have been welded, have been cold formed or straightened, have holes, or have sharp or only slightly rounded notches or corners.3.4.3 Soaking: Heati

25、ng shall be controlled, as described in AMS 2759, such that either the heating medium or the part temperature, as applicable, is maintained at the set temperature in Table 2 or 3 for the soak time specified herein. Soaking shall commence when all control, indicating, and recording thermocouples reac

26、h the specified set temperature or if load thermocouples, as defined in AMS 2759, are used, when the part temperature reaches the minimum of the furnace uniformity at the set temperature.3.4.3.1 Parts with copper plated coated with reflective coatings which tend to reflect radiant heat shall have th

27、eir soak time increased by at least 50%, unless load thermocouples are used.3.4.4 Annealing: Shall be accomplished by heating to the temperature shown in Table 2, soaking for the time shown in Table 4, and cooling to below the temperature shown in Table 2 at the rate shown in Table 2 followed by air

28、 cooling to ambient temperature. Isothermal annealing treatments may be used providing equivalent hardness and microstructure are obtained. Isothermal annealing shall be accomplished by heating to the annealing temperature shown in Table 2, soaking for the time shown in Table 4, cooling to a tempera

29、ture below the critical, holding for sufficient time to complete transformation, and air cooling to ambient temperature.3.4.5 Subcritical Annealing (Stress Relieving): Subcritical annealing or stress relieving prior to hardening shall be accomplished by heating in the range 1350 to 1450 F (732 to 78

30、8 C), except 431 shall be at 1150 to 1200 F (621 to 649 C) and 440C shall be at 1250 to 1350 F (677 to 732 C), soaking for the time shown in Table 4, and cooling to ambient temperature.3.4.6 Hardening (Austenitizing and Quenching): Shall be accomplished by heating to the austenitizing temperature sh

31、own in Table 2, soaking for the time shown in Table 4, and quenching as shown in Table 2. The parts shall be cooled to or below the quenchant temperature before tempering.3.4.7 Tempering: Shall be accomplished by heating quenched parts to the temperature required to produce the required properties.

32、Suggested tempering temperatures for specific tensile strengths for each alloy are shown in Table 3. Soaking time shall be not less than two hours plus one hour additional for each inch (25-mm) of thickness or fraction thereof greater than one-inch (25-mm). Thickness is defined in AMS 2759. When loa

33、d thermocouples are used, the soaking time shall be not less than one hour. Multiple tempering is permitted. When multiple tempering is used, parts shall be cooled to ambient temperature (or below, if specified) between tempering treatments.3.4.7.1 Parts may be snap tempered for two hours at 300 F (

34、149 C). If the tempering temperature is below 325 F (163 C) the snap temper shall be 25 F (14 C) degrees below the tempering temperature.SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2759/5D Page 5 of 11 3.4.8 Straightening: When straightening of heat treated parts is authorized by the cognizant engineering organization and

35、 the procedure is not specified, straightening shall be performed as follows:3.4.8.1 Hardened Parts: Shall be straightened during or after the tempering operation.3.4.8.2 Hardened and Tempered Parts: Shall be straightened at ambient temperature or at an elevated temperature not exceeding 50 F (28 C)

36、 degrees below the tempering temperature. Ambient or elevated temperature straightening shall be followed by stress relieving at a temperature 50 F (28 C) degrees below the tempering temperature, unless otherwise specified. It is permissible to retemper at a temperature not higher than the last temp

37、ering temperature after straightening during tempering.3.4.9 Post-Tempering Stress Relieving: When required by the cognizant engineering organization, parts shall, after operations which follow hardening and tempering, be stress relieved by heating the parts to 50 F (28 C) degrees below the temperin

38、g temperature and soaking for not less than one hour plus one hour additional for each inch (25-mm) of thickness or fraction thereof greater than one-inch (25-mm). When load thermocouples are used, the soaking time shall be not less than one hour. Stress relief is prohibited on parts which have been

39、 peened or thread- or fillet-rolled after hardening and tempering.3.5 Properties: Parts shall conform to the hardness specified by the cognizant engineering organization. If maximum hardness is not specified for types 403 and 410 in the 180 to 200 ksi (1241 to 1379 MPa) tensile strength range, hardn

40、ess shall be 44 HRC maximum. For type 431 in the 180 to 200 ksi (1241 to 1379 MPa) tensile strength range, hardness shall be 47 HRC maximum.3.5.1 Surface Contamination: Salt baths and the protective atmosphere and backfill medium in furnaces for heating parts above 1250 F (677 C), when less than 0.0

41、20-inch (0.51-mm) of metal is to be removed from any surface, shall be controlled to prevent carburization or nitriding and prevent complete decarburization (See 3.5.1.1). Partial decarburization shall not exceed 0.005-inch (0.13-mm). Intergranular oxidation shall not exceed 0.0007-inch (0.018-mm).

42、Rejection criteria for depth of decarburization shall be the microhardness reading at which there is more than a 20-point Knoop, or equivalent, decrease in hardness from the core hardness. Rejection criteria for carburization and nitriding shall be that the microhardness shall not exceed the core ha

43、rdness by 20 points Knoop, or equivalent, at a depth of 0.003-inch (0.08-mm). Tests shall be in accordance with 3.6.1. These requirements also apply to the cumulative effects of operations such as austenitizing followed by reaustenitizing (See 3.5.1.4). For reheat treatments, the original specimen o

44、r a portion thereof shall accompany the parts and be tested after reheat treatment.3.5.1.1 Unless specifically informed that at least 0.020-inch (0.51-mm) will be removed from all surfaces of parts, the heat treating processor shall heat treat the parts as if less than 0.020-inch (0.51-mm) will be r

45、emoved from some surfaces and, therefore, shall heat treat using controlled atmosphere which will produce parts conforming to the surface contamination requirements.SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2759/5D Page 6 of 11 3.5.1.2 Parts that will be machined after heat treatment, but which will have less than 0.020

46、-inch (0.51-mm) of metal removed from any machined surface may be reclassified as Type 1, as described in 3.3.1, and need not meet the requirements of 3.5.1 as heat treated, when it is demonstrated by tests (See 3.6.1.1) on each load that all surface contamination exceeding the requirements of 3.5.1

47、 is removable from all machined surfaces, taking into account distortion after heat treatment.3.5.1.3 Furnaces used exclusively to heat treat parts which will have all contamination removed shall not require testing.3.5.1.4 The heat treating processor shall be responsible for determining whether cum

48、ulative heat treating operations at their facility, as described in 3.5.1, have caused excessive surface contamination.3.6 Test Methods: Shall be in accordance with AMS 2759 and as follows:3.6.1 Surface Contamination: Testing shall be by the microhardness method in accordance with ARP1820 or an equi

49、valent microhardness method that provides at least 3X increase in the apparent thickness of the surface layer. Other microhardness methods may be used when approved by the cognizant quality assurance organization and as approved in 3.6.1.1. Test specimens shall be of the same alloy as the parts. Unless otherwise specified, test specimens shall be in the as-quenched condition. In addition, the presence o