NSF 53-2017 Drinking Water Treatment Units - Health Effects.pdf

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1、NSF International Standard / American National StandardNSF/ANSI 53 - 2017Drinking Water Treatment Units - Health Effects NSF International, an independent, not-for-profit, non-governmental organization, is dedicated to being the leading global provider of public health and safety-based risk manageme

2、nt solutions while serving the interests of all stakeholders. This Standard is subject to revision. Contact NSF to confirm this revision is current. Users of this Standard may request clarifications and interpretations, or propose revisions by contacting: Chair, Joint Committee on Drinking Water Tre

3、atment Units c/o NSF International 789 North Dixboro Road, P. O. Box 130140 Ann Arbor, Michigan 48113-0140 USA Phone: (734) 769-8010 Telex: 753215 NSF INTL FAX: (734) 769-0109 E-mail: infonsf.org Web: http:/www.nsf.orgi NSF/ANSI 53 2017 NSF International Standard/ American National Standard for Drin

4、king Water Treatment Units Drinking water treatment units Health effects Standard Developer NSF International Designated as an ANSI Standard April 26, 2017 American National Standards Instituteii Prepared by The NSF Joint Committee on Drinking Water Treatment Units Recommended for adoption by The NS

5、F Council of Public Health Consultants Adopted by NSF International December 1981 Revised June 1982 Revised November 2000 Addendum 1.0 2007, March 2008 Revised June 1988 Revised January 2001 Revised August 2009 Revised May 1990 Revised January 2002 Revised August 2010 Revised November 1992 Addendum

6、1.0 2002, June 2002 Revised April 2011 Revised September 1993 Addendum 2.0 2002, October 2002 Revised April 2012 Revised March 1994 Editorial Revision November 2003 Revised December 2012 Revised March 1996 Revised July 2004 Revised December 2013 Revised September 1996 Addendum 1.0 2002e, August 2004

7、 Revised August 2014 Revised September 1997 Revised February 2005 Addendum 1.0 - 2013, August 2014 Revised November 1998 Revised January 2006 Revised January 2015 Revised March 1999 Addendum 1.0 2006, March 2006 Revised October 2015 Revised September 1999 Revised February 2007 Revised February 2017

8、Revised May 2000 Revised July 2007 Revised March 2018 Published by NSF International PO Box 130140, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48113-0140, USA For ordering copies or for making inquiries with regard to this Standard, please reference the designation “NSF/ANSI 53 2017.” Copyright 2018 NSF International Prev

9、ious editions 2017, 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011, 2009, 2008. 2007, 2006, 2005, 2004, 2002, 2001, 2000, 1998, 1997, 1996, 1994, 1993, 1992, 1990, 1988, 1982, 1981 Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanic

10、al, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from NSF International. Printed in the United States of America.iii Disclaimers1NSF, in performing its functions in accordance with its objectives, does not assume or undertake to discharge any responsibility of the manufacturer

11、 or any other party. The opinions and findings of NSF represent its professional judgment. NSF shall not be responsible to anyone for the use of or reliance upon this Standard by anyone. NSF shall not incur any obligation or liability for damages, including consequential damages, arising out of or i

12、n connection with the use, interpretation of, or reliance upon this Standard. NSF Standards provide basic criteria to promote sanitation and protection of the public health. Provisions for mechanical and electrical safety have not been included in this Standard because governmental agencies or other

13、 national standards-setting organizations provide safety requirements. Participation in NSF Standards development activities by regulatory agency representatives (federal, local, state) shall not constitute their agencys endorsement of NSF or any of its Standards. Preference is given to the use of p

14、erformance criteria measurable by examination or testing in NSF Standards development when such performance criteria may reasonably be used in lieu of design, materials, or construction criteria. The illustrations, if provided, are intended to assist in understanding their adjacent Standard requirem

15、ents. However, the illustrations may not include all requirements for a specific product or unit, nor do they show the only method of fabricating such arrangements. Such partial drawings shall not be used to justify improper or incomplete design and construction. Unless otherwise referenced, the Ann

16、exes are not considered an integral part of NSF Standards. The Annexes are provided as general guidelines to the manufacturer, regulatory agency, user, or certifying organization.1The information contained in this Disclaimer is not part of this American National Standard (ANS) and has not been proce

17、ssed in accordance with ANSIs requirements for an ANS. Therefore, this Disclaimer may contain material that has not been subjected to public review or a consensus process. In addition, it does not contain requirements necessary for conformance to the Standard. This page is intentionally left blank.v

18、 Contents 1 General . 1 1.1 Purpose . 1 1.2 Scope 1 1.3 Alternate materials, designs, and construction . 1 1.4 Minimum requirements . 1 1.5 Chemical and mechanical reduction performance claims 2 1.6 Treatment train 2 1.7 Standard review 2 2 Normative references . 2 3 Definitions . 3 4 Materials . 3

19、4.1 Materials in contact with drinking water 3 4.2 Materials evaluation 4 4.3 Gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) analysis . 6 4.4 Materials in contact with the users mouth 8 5 Structural performance . 12 5.1 Structural integrity . 12 5.2 Acceptance . 12 5.3 Working pressure 14 5.4 Structur

20、al integrity test methods . 14 6 Minimum performance requirements 18 6.1 Performance indication of chemical reduction capacity 18 6.2 Elements . 19 6.3 Flow control . 19 6.4 Waste connections 20 6.5 Product water dispensing outlets 20 6.6 Hazards . 20 6.7 Systems used in bottled water plants . 20 6.

21、8 Operation temperature 20 6.9 POE rated pressure drop 20 6.10 Minimum service flow 21 6.11 Rated service flow. 21 6.12 Active agents and additives 21 7 Elective performance claims Test methods . 22 7.1 General requirements . 22 7.2 Chemical reduction claims 24 7.3 Mechanical filtration reduction cl

22、aims . 45 7.4 Metals reduction testing 59 7.5 Microcystins reduction claims . 84 8 Instruction and information . 87 8.1 Installation, operation, and maintenance instructions. 87 8.2 Data plate 89 8.3 Replacement components 92 8.4 Performance data sheet . 93 Annex A Test method for detecting and enum

23、erating Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts . 101 Annex B Test method for detecting and enumerating polystyrene microspheres. 111 vi Annex C. 119 Annex D Key elements of a certification program for drinking water treatment systems and components 121 Annex E . 125 Annex F Test method for evaluating mouth

24、drawn water treatment units 127 Annex G Test method for evaluating squeeze bottle drinking water treatment units 131 Annex H Methods and procedures to minimize premature filter plugging . 135 Annex I Evaluation methods for systems with multiple technologies - Treatment train . 139 Annex J Preparatio

25、n of TOC solution using tannic acid . 143 Annex K Explanation of scope and purpose of microcystins reduction claim . 145 vii Foreword2The purpose of this Standard is to establish minimum requirements for materials, design and construction, and performance of drinking water treatment systems that are

26、 designed to reduce specific health-related contaminants in public or private water supplies. NSF/ANSI 53 specifies minimum product literature requirements that manufacturers must provide to authorized representatives and owners. This edition of the Standard contains the following revisions: Issue 1

27、03 This revision addresses sample collection for systems containing multiple potable water outlets under 4.2.3. Issue 106 Normative references were updated. Issue 107 Evaluation criteria columns from tables 4.1, 4.2, and 4.3 were removed and now reference the evaluation criteria in Annex D, Table D.

28、1 in NSF/ANSI 61. Issue 108 This addition establishes performance requirements for drinking water treatment systems that are designed to reduce microcystins in public water supplies. Annex J outlines the steps required for preparing TOC solution using tannic acid. Annex K is an informative annex tha

29、t provides further explanation of the scope and purpose of the microcystins reduction claim. This Standard was developed by the NSF Joint Committee on Drinking Water Treatment Units using the consensus process described by the American National Standards Institute. Suggestions for improvement of thi

30、s Standard are welcome. This Standard is maintained on a Continuous Maintenance schedule and can be opened for comment at any time. Comments should be sent to Chair, Joint Committee on Drinking Water Treatment Units at standardsnsf.org, or c/o NSF International, Standards Department, P.O. Box 130140

31、, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48113-0140, USA. 2The information contained in this Foreword is not part of this American National Standard (ANS) and has not been processed in accordance with ANSIs requirements for an ANS. Therefore, this Foreword may contain material that has not been subjected to public rev

32、iew or a consensus process. In addition, it does not contain requirements necessary for conformance to the Standard. This page is intentionally left blank.1 2018 NSF NSF/ANSI 53 2017 NSF/ANSI Standard for Drinking Water Treatment Units Drinking water treatment units Health effects 1 General 1.1 Purp

33、ose It is the purpose of this Standard to establish minimum requirements for materials, design and construction, and performance of point-of-use and point-of-entry drinking water treatment systems that are designed to reduce specific health-related contaminants in public or private water supplies. S

34、uch systems include point-of-entry drinking water treatment systems used to treat all or part of the water at the inlet to a residential facility or a bottled water production facility, and includes the material and components used in these systems. This Standard also specifies the minimum product l

35、iterature and labeling information that a manufacturer shall supply to authorized representatives and system owners, as well as the minimum service-related obligations that the manufacturer shall extend to system owners. 1.2 Scope The point-of-use and point-of-entry systems addressed by this Standar

36、d are designed to be used for the reduction of specific substances that may be present in drinking water (public or private). These substances are considered established or potential health hazards. They may be microbiological, chemical, or particulate (including filterable cysts) in nature. It is r

37、ecognized that a system may be effective in controlling one or more of these contaminants, but systems are not required to control all. Activated carbon filter systems covered by this Standard are not intended to be used with water that is microbiologically unsafe or of unknown quality without adequ

38、ate disinfection before or after the system. 1.3 Alternate materials, designs, and construction While specific materials, designs, and construction may be stipulated in this Standard, systems that incorporate alternate materials, designs, and construction may be acceptable when it is verified that s

39、uch systems meet the applicable requirements stated herein. 1.4 Minimum requirements A system as defined in this Standard shall meet the applicable requirements of Sections 4, 5, 6, and 8, plus at least one performance claim as described in Section 7. A component as defined in this Standard shall me

40、et the requirements of Sections 4 and 8. If the component is pressure-bearing, it shall also meet the applicable requirements of Section 5. A commercial modular system as defined in this Standard shall meet the applicable requirements of Sections 4, 5, 6, and 8, plus at least one performance claim a

41、s described in Section 7. Manifolds of commercial modular systems shall meet the requirements of Sections 4, 5 (if pressure bearing), and 8, and shall be evaluated as stand-alone components. Manifolds shall have a minimum internal diameter such that the water velocity in the manifold will not exceed

42、 3 m (10 ft)/s (which can be calculated based upon the system flow rate and the manifold internal diameter). Individual modular elements evaluated as a manifold 2018 NSF NSF/ANSI 53 2017 2 and modular element combination shall meet the applicable requirements of Sections 4, 5, 6, and 8, plus at leas

43、t one performance claim as described in Section 7. 1.5 Chemical and mechanical reduction performance claims 1.5.1 All performance claims shall be verified and substantiated by test data generated under the requirements of this Standard. 1.5.2 When performance claims are made for substances not speci

44、fically addressed in the scope of this Standard or for those substances not specifically addressed but falling under the scope of NSF/ANSI 53, those claims not specifically addressed in the Standard shall be so identified. 1.6 Treatment train A system that contains multiple, sequential treatment tec

45、hnologies for a performance claim under this Standard shall meet the applicable requirements as described in Annex I. 1.7 Standard review This Standard shall be reviewed at least once every five years. The review shall be conducted by the NSF Joint Committee on Drinking Water Treatment Units. 2 Norm

46、ative references The following documents contain provisions that constitute requirements of this Standard. At the time of publication, the indicated editions were valid. All Standards are subject to revision, and parties are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the recent editions o

47、f the Standards indicated below. The most recent published edition of the document shall be used for undated references. 21 CFR . Parts 170-199. Food and Drugs3APHA, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, twentieth edition4 NSF/ANSI 42 Drinking water treatment units Aesthetic

48、effects NSF/ANSI 60 Drinking water treatment chemicals Health effects NSF/ANSI 61 Drinking water system components Health effects SAE Standard J726 June 1993. Air Cleaner Test Code5USEPA100.1. Analytical Method for Determination of Asbestos Fibers in Water, formerly USEPA-600/4-83-0436USEPA600/4 79/

49、020. Methods for the Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes, March 19836 3USFDA CFR Code of Federal Regulations Title 21 . 4American Public Health Association (APHA). 800 I Street NW, Washington, DC 20001 . 5Society of Automotive Engineers. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096 . 6U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory. Cincinnati, OH 45268 . 2018 NSF NSF/ANSI 53 2017 3 USEPA600/4 84/053. Methods for Organic Chemical Analysis of Municipal and Indust