河南省林州市第一中学2018_2019学年高二英语下学期开学考试试题.doc

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1、1林州一中 2017 级高二开学检测英语试题第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节 （共 15 小题，每题 2 分，共 30 分）AMost students spend their school days sitting at desks learning. Aurelious Woolfolk, however, does a lot more than sit at a desk when he is in school. He scrambles up high ladders, walks down the sides of buildings, and rides in

2、 a fire engine. He is learning to be a firefighter at the New Haven Fire Academy.Woolfolk and 28 other students are currently learning what it takes to become a firefighter. Classes at the fire academy, which is in Connecticut, last for about 22 weeks. For two days each week, the students sit in a c

3、lassroom to learn science, math, and emergency medicine. They learn the science of fires, how to calculate water pressure, and how to treat medical emergencies. During the other three days, the students go outside and learn how to hook hoses to fire hydrants(消防栓), climb buildings, rescue people trap

4、ped in burning buildings, and many other things.“Firefighters have to know lots of different things,” said Pablo Menendez, an instructor at the school. “We have to treat medical emergencies, know how to handle dangerous chemicals, and rescue people who have fallen from cliffs.”Teamwork is one of the

5、 most important lessons students learn at the school. “Working together saves lives,” said Capt. William Seward, the director of the academy. “Students need to learn that they are part of a team.”Fighting fires is not easy. The suits and equipment a firefighter wears weigh about 40 pounds.Firefighte

6、rs are very busy. In New Haven, they respond to 32,000 emergency calls a year Each time firefighters go out, they know they 2might not come back. Across the United States about 100 firefighters die each year. “Thats why the lessons learned here at the academy are so important,” said Seward. “What th

7、ey learn here can save their lives.”Firefighters know how dangerous their jobs are. Their training helps them overcome their heights and fires. “When youre up there on the ladder looking down, its scary,” said one student. “To do this job, youve got to wipe out the fear.” Firefighters overcome their

8、 fear for one reason. “I wanted to help other people,” said Leah Harwin. “I think it is important to help other people whenever you can.”（ ）21According to the passage, which activity must a student at the Fire Academy complete?A. handling dangerous chemicals B. swimming under pressureC. jumping from

9、 a building D. sitting in the classroom（ ）22Why is it important for students at the Fire Academy to have lessons inside and outside the classroom?A. Firefighters need to practice emotional skills to calm people down.B. Firefighters need to practice mental and physical skills to succeed.C. Firefighte

10、rs need to practice wearing heavy gear to get used to the weight.D. Firefighters need to practice climbing a ladder to overcome a fear of height（ ）23What is the purpose of the passage?A. to describe the activities at the New Haven Fire AcademyB. to inform the reader of the dangers of being a firefig

11、hterC .to compare the New Haven Fire Academy to public school3D. to force students to attend the New Haven Fire AcademyBSome colors people see late at night could cause signs of clinical(临床的)depression(沮丧). That was the finding of a study that builds on earlier study findings. They show that individ

12、uals(个人) who live or work in low levels of light overnight(整夜) can develop clinical depression. Doctors use the word “clinical depression” to describe severe form of depression. Signs may include loss of interest or pleasure in most activities, low energy levels and thoughts of death or suicide.In t

13、he new study, American investigators designed an experiment that exposed hamsters(仓鼠)to different colors. The researchers chose hamsters because they are nocturnal, which means they sleep during the day and are active at night.The animals were separated into four groups. One group of hamsters was ke

14、pt in the dark during their night-time period. Another group was placed in front of a blue light, a third group slept in front of a white light, while a fourth was put in front of a red light.After four weeks, the researchers noted how much sugary water the hamsters drank. They found that the most d

15、epressed animals drank the least amount of water.Randy Nelson heads the Department of Neuroscience at Ohio State University. He says animals that slept in blue and white light appeared to be the most depressed. “What we saw is that these animals didnt show any sleep uneasiness(不安) at all but they di

16、d mess up biological clock genes and they did show depressive sign while if they were in the dim(微弱)red light, they did not.”4Randy Nelson notes that photosensitive(感光)cells in the eyes have little to do with eyesight. He says these cells send signals to the area of the brain that controls what has

17、been called the natural sleep-wake cycle.He says theres a lot of blue in white light. This explains why the blue light and white light hamsters appear to be more depressed than the hamsters seeing red light or darkness.（ ）24Researchers use hamsters in the experiment because _.A.they are similar to h

18、umans in dealing with colorsB.they are easy to observe and studyC.they are sensitive to colors like human beingsD.they are active at night and sleep during the day（ ）25What sign shows that the hamsters are being depressed?A.They drink less sugary water. B.They dont sleep well.C.Their eyesight become

19、s worse. D.Their energy level becomes low.（ ）26_ tends to cause hamsters to be depressed.A.Dim light B.Red light C.Blue light D.Darkness（ ）27What can help people who work late at night to avoid being depressed?A.Not being exposed to dim red light when using computers.B.Equipping their computer scree

20、ns to put it more in the reddish light.C.Living or working in low levels of light overnight.D.Going to see doctors of clinical depression regularly for help.5CAlmost all theme park accidents can be prevented. Here, based on coverage of theme park safety, are some tips to help you and your family sta

21、y safe on your next visit.If you are visiting with a child, take a moment to explain the ride to them, and tell them how they should behave. They are depending upon you to keep them safe. Set a good example for them by following the rules of the park, and make sure that they know you expect them to

22、follow those rules, too.Tell them to stay seated, to hold the grab bar or put their hands in the laps, and not to stick their knees and feet outside a ride vehicle. Make them look to you for the okay to get on or off a ride, too. And never put a crying child on a ride. If your child starts to cry, l

23、et others pass you in line until your child is calmed. Or, gently exit the queue and find something more relaxing to do. Young kids cant keep an adults pace in a theme park. Let them take plenty of breaks.“Kids get tired,” said TPI reader Matt Johnson, a father of four. “Tired kids make parents even

24、 more tired. And tired kids and parents may get hurt physically and emotionally.” He advises that parents plan a mid-day break, perhaps a swim back at the hotel, to avoid mid-day heat and crowds. “You will see cranky families having a miserable time while you are refreshed and having a great evening

25、.”（ ）28. The second paragraph tells readers that _.A. children should be trained to be more independentB. adults should tell children some safety rules firstlyC. adults should set a good example to behave well in a theme parkD. there is a danger to take young children to visit a theme park（ ）29. Whi

26、ch of the following is NOT right for children who are taking the rides?A. They cannot put their hands away from the grab bar.B. They are forbidden to put their knees or feet out.6C. They should ask adults permission first to get on a ride.D. Without adults okay sign, children shouldnt get off a ride

27、.（ ）30. If your child begins to cry just when he is going to take a ride, you should _.A. tell him to be relaxedB. make him share your interestC. give up the present activityD. encourage him to be brave（ ）31. We may infer from Matt Johnsons words that _.A. he doesnt like to visit a theme park with h

28、is childrenB. parents with many children may be tired of visiting a theme parkC. not all the families are relaxed or happy when they visit a theme parkD. visitors should arrange everything carefully before startingDWhat will power your house in the future？Nuclear，wind，or solar power？According to sci

29、entists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the US，it might be leaves but artificial (人造的) ones.Natural leaves are able to change sunlight and water into energy. It is known as photosynthesis (光合作用)Now researchers have found a way to imitate this seemingly simple process.The artifi

30、cial leaf developed by Daniel Nocera and his colleagues at MIT can be seen as a special silicon chip with catalysts (催化剂)Similar to natural leaves，it can split water into hydrogen and oxygen when put into a bucket of water. The hydrogen and oxygen gases are then stored in a fuel cell，which uses thos

31、e two materials to produce electricity，located either on top of a house or beside the house.Though the leaf is only about the shape of a poker card，scientists claimed that it is promising to be an inexpensive source of electricity in developing countries. “One can imagine villages in India and Afric

32、a not long from now purchasing an affordable basic power system based on this technology,” said Nocera at a conference of the American Chemical Society.7The artificial leaf is not a new idea. The first artificial leaf was invented in 1997 but was too expensive and unstable for practical use. The new

33、 leaf，by contrast，is made of cheap materials，easy to use and highly stable. In laboratory studies，Nocera showed that an artificial leaf prototype (原型) could operate continuously for at least 45 hours without a drop in activity.The wonderful improvements come from Noceras recent discovery of several

34、powerful，new and inexpensive catalysts. These catalysts make the energy transformation inside the leaf more efficient with water and sunlight. Right now，the new leaf is about 10 times more efficient at carrying out photosynthesis than a natural one. Besides，the device can run in whatever water is av

35、ailable；that is，it doesnt need pure water. This is important for some countries that dont have access to pure water.With the goal to “make each home its own power station” and “give energy to the poor”，scientists believe that the new technology could be widely used in developing countries，especially

36、 in India and rural China.（ ）32. What does the underlined word “imitate” in Paragraph 2 mean?A produce B. hold C. prevent D. copy （ ）33.Which of the following orders correctly shows how the artificial leaf is used to produce electricity?aartificial leaves split water into hydrogen and oxygenbthe hyd

37、rogen and oxygen gases are stored in a fuel cellcthe artificial leaves are put in waterdthe fuel cell uses hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricityAc，a，b，d Bc，b，a，dCb，c，a，d Dc，a，d，b（ ）34.The purpose of the scientists at MIT in developing the new artificial leaf is to_.Abuild up more power stations

38、 in the worldBprovide cheaper energy for developing countriesCoffer people in developing countries access to pure waterDgain a deeper understanding of the photosynthesis process（ ）35.The main idea of this passage is _.Aan introduction to the history of artificial leaves Ba mixture of water power and

39、 solar energy8Cgiving energy to the poor Dan invention copying photosynthesis第二节七选五（共 5 题 每题 2 分 共 10 分）How to FocusImproving your focus can make you a better student or employee as well as a happier and more organized person. If you want to improve your focus, you need to learn to avoid distraction

40、s and to be prepared with a focus-filled game plan before you set out to accomplish a task. 36 1. Build up your focus stamina (耐力). Each person may start off with a certain amount of “focus stamina” but this is something that can be improved over time. To build your focus stamina, just give yourself

41、 a certain amount of time to do nothing but work on a certain task. 37 It may be just another five minutes or another half hour.2. Meditate. Meditating is more than a great way to relax. 38 When you meditate, youll be focusing on clearing your head and concentrating on your body and breath. You can

42、easily transfer these skills to clearing your head and focusing on the work ahead of you.3. Read more. 39 Try reading something without stopping for just thirty minutes, and slowly build your stamina to reading for an hour or even two hours with only short breaks. Being able to focus on the material

43、 in front of you will help you learn to focus on your work.4. Multi-task less. 40 However, it is actually harmful to your concentration. When you multi-task, youre not putting all of your focus and energy into any one task, which actually harms your concentration. Work on getting just one thing done

44、 at a time and youll see that you get this done more quickly. Chatting with your friends online while, getting work done is one of the worst forms of multi-tasking. Chatting with a friend can slow your productivity down by half.9A. Reading is a great way to build up your focus.B. If you want to know

45、 how to focus like a laser, just follow these steps!C. Keep going until you feel you need to stop, and try to focus for longer the next day.D. When that time passes, see how long you can keep going before actually stopping.E. Many people think getting two or three things done at once is a great way

46、to accomplish goals more quickly.F. Did you waste your whole day reading random articles that people posted on Facebook?G. If you meditate for just 10 to 20 minutes every day, you will slowly improve your focus.第二部分 完形填空（每小题 1.5 分）Disneyland opened on July 17, 1955 and instantly became the worlds mo

47、st recognizable and popular theme park. This was the only Disney theme park visited by Walt Disney, who died in 1966. Disneyland is 41 one hour south of Los Angeles, California. You may get there by air or by bus.Disneyland 42 most of its visitors from 43 . So avoid weekends and school vacations to

48、get the 44 waits. The period before or after Christmas Day is the busiest of the 45 , with the park often held more extra guests each day. Whenever you visit, 46 early about an hour 47 the opening time to get the popular attractions before crowds 48 .Disneyland also 49 tickets online, but does not a

49、llow you to 50 them at home. So youll have to order far enough 51 for them to arrive by mail. Tickets 52 also be available through your local auto club, Disney Store or your school or work activities office.Space Mountain 53 in early July, 2005 after a two-year rehab (修复) to 10rebuild the track and improve show 54 . If you are travelling with little kids, youll want to visit Fantasyland first in the morning, 55 several popular kids rides in that are