[考研类试卷]考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷357及答案与解析.doc

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1、考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷 357 及答案与解析Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)0 As a young mother, every morning at 4 : 30 a. m. Kimberly Moore would drop off her young child at her mother-in-laws home before reporting to work at Mc

2、Donalds. After a full day at the fast-food chain, according to the Tallahassee Democrat, she got her books together and went to class, first at Tallahassee Community College and then at Florida State University. A single mother, she eventually earned her MBA. Keeping her nose to the grindstone, she

3、rose through the ranks of the business world in Florida, eventually earning the title of Chief Executive Officer of Workforce Plus, a large employment firm. Starting with little more than her own initiative and drive to succeed, she reached the pinnacle of the business world, making hers an inspirin

4、g story of self-made success, a story of a woman living the American dream. As inspiring as Kimberly Moores story is, the really amazing thing about it is that it is only a small part of the incredible tapestry of success that is the American dream. Generations of Americans have believed that in Ame

5、rica they can work hard to make a better life for themselves than their parents had before them. And every day Americans head out the door to jobs where, through dedication and perseverance, they work harder, longer, and more productively than the citizens of any other nation. Why do they do it? Why

6、 do Americans like Kimberly Moore work long hours for low pay only to leave work and put in countless additional hours pursuing education? Why do small investors struggle to find a few dollars here and there in order to invest in some possibly risky venture? The short answerfor the moneymisses the e

7、ssential point: Americans do these things, they work harder and longer, because the wealth they earn serves a greater purpose. To the parent who comes home from a hard day at the factory or office, the son playing basketball in the driveway or the daughter riding her new bicycle on the sidewalk prov

8、ides reason for any amount of labor, any amount of sacrifice. Americans work for many reasons, but prominent among them is the unwavering desire to provide a good life, and maybe a better life than they themselves had known, to their children. It happens frequently and spectacularly in America, beca

9、use Americans are uniquely free.1 According to the text, Kimberly Moore is_.（A）both a diligent worker and a top college student（B） the Chief Executive Officer of a fast-food chain（C） a role model of self-made success for Americans（D）a classical example to be followed by American women2 By citing the

10、 example of Kimberly Moore, the author intends to show that_.（A）her story is as inspiring as any other story of success（B） nothing is incredible with the American dream in mind（C） every American can reach the pinnacle of the business world（D）everyone in America can realize his dream with perseveranc

11、e3 Most Americans work hard because they（A）are the most dedicating people in the world（B） expect to have a life better than ever before（C） believe in both dedication and perseverance（D）are more interested in work than anything else4 The author assumes that Americans work long hours for low pay in or

12、der to_.（A）have their children live a better life than themselves（B） reach the top of the business world as soon as possible（C） rise step by step through the ranks of the business world（D）have time to pursue higher education and get a well-paid job5 In the authors opinion, every American can expect

13、to make a better life because_.（A）America is the wealthiest country（B） he is free to choose his own way of life（C） ways to make money are many in America（D）the American dream is something attainable5 Each stage of life has different major demands mainly because our needs change. As children, securit

14、y and the family are the priorities although we may not think of them in those terms. Its where we establish something of who we are. As teenagers, we are testing the waters of adult life, and as young adults we search for a partner. The drive to fulfill each of these stages is very strong and, as i

15、t is usually combined with trying to establish a reasonable education and find work, there are many factors to keep in play. At each stage, if we are lucky, we will have ambitions to fulfill and the means to do that. Some will be driven with almost tunnel vision, others take an easier attitude to ge

16、tting there, but without dreams it is hard to direct life. If we are fortunate enough to achieve our dreams we can move forward to new ones and the priorities to do that change.For each period of life the priorities are dictated by that stage, and as we grow older, whether we like it or not, we gain

17、 experience. Experience permits us to see a broader view if we are wise enough to take on board what is there. As we mature, the rigidity of the idealism of youth, the black and white approach to life, is tempered by what is possible, kind, just, and fair. Experience helps us to grow if we let it. S

18、o often we resist that growth, holding on to entrenched beliefs which do not do us any favors, yet our needs change and we are sometimes forced to be different. Physically, even when we stay fit and able, the body cannot deliver in quite the same way as youth. This comes as a shock to most of us bec

19、ause we all start life in the belief that we are invincible and will live forever. Reality is a bit of a shock. Coming to terms with this understanding allows us to move forward, and there are benefits which are unexpected. What was desperately important when we were young is suddenly seen in a new

20、light, and a different perception of importance emerges. Extreme age can be as demanding and insensitive as babyhood, so while priorities change through life, it seems to come the full circle.Humans are a perverse lot. Some never want to grow up, others want to be adults with the perceived privilege

21、s of adulthood but never get old. The curious fact is that each age has its charms to be enjoyed at that period, but how we learn to appreciate them is individual.6 According to the text, children_（A）are interested in the present rather than the future（B） have different priorities from teenagers and

22、 adults（C） require more than both teenagers and young adults（D）have a strong drive to seek security and family care7 The author believes that at each stage of life, we _.（A）have chances of achieving our dreams（B） get ready to move forward to a new one（C） hope to accomplish some specific goals（D）mana

23、ge the priorities that stage sets forth8 The author argues that experience _.（A）prompts us to become more sophisticated（B） prevents us from tunnel vision and rigidity（C） gives us wisdom to handle new challenges（D）is reluctantly gained with each passing day9 It is implied in the text that we_.（A）are

24、forced to adapt to the change of life（B） depend on experience to move forward（C） are scared of facing the terrifying reality（D）stick to deep-rooted habits and prejudice10 Generally speaking, we _.（A）are obstinate in adhering to whatever is wrong（B） reject the right way to live in each period of life

25、（C） resist the compulsive desire to live a decent life（D）become easily offended and irritated with aging10 Even as the U. S. Labor Department released figures showing that the economy lost more than half a million jobs in April, researchers on Friday made public a large study with an unsettling find

26、ing: Losing your job may make you sick. A researcher at the Harvard School of Public analyzed detailed employment and health data from 8,125 individuals surveyed in 1999, 2001 and 2003 by the U. S. Panel Study of Income Dynamics.Workers who lost a job through no fault of their own, she found, were t

27、wice as likely to report developing a new ailment like high blood pressure, diabetes or heart disease over the next year and a half, compared to people who were continuously employed. Interestingly, the risk was just as high for those who found new jobs quickly as it was for those who remained unemp

28、loyed.Though its long been known that poor health and unemployment often go together, questions have lingered about whether unemployment triggers illness, or whether people in ill health are more likely to leave a job, be fired or laid off. In an attempt to sort out this chicken-or-egg problem, the

29、new study looked specifically at people who lost their jobs through no fault of their ownfor example, because of a plant or business closure.“I was looking at situations in which people lost their job for reasons that . shouldnt have had anything to do with their health,“ said author Kate W. Strully

30、, an assistant professor of sociology at State University of New York in Albany, who did the research as a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation scholar at the Harvard School of Public Health. “What happens isnt reflecting a prior condition. “Only 6 percent of people with steady jobs developed a new health

31、 condition during each survey period of about a year and a half, compared with 10 percent of those who had lost a job during the same period. It didnt matter whether the laid off workers had found new employment; they still had a one in 10 chance of developing a new health condition, Dr. Strully fou

32、nd. David Williams, a professor at the Harvard School of Public Health who was not involved in the research, said the study is a reminder that job loss and other life stressors have a tremendous impact on both mental and physical health and contribute to the development of chronic conditions.11 The

33、finding of the large study was disturbing on account of_.（A）the risen rate of unemployment（B） the likelihood of anyones losing jobs（C） the big impact on unemployed people（D）the release of critical economic figures12 According to the analysis of a Harvard researcher, if a person becomes unemployed, _

34、.（A）he is subject to high blood pressure, diabetes or heart disease（B） he is not likely to develop any new disease if employed soon（C） he is doomed to suffer from a new disease such as diabetes（D）he is more likely to develop a new disease in a year or two13 It is generally believed that job loss_,（A

35、）does great harm to a person physically（B） has a certain relationship with ill health（C） is likely to aggravate ones mental health（D）is due to ones incompetence or poor health14 By saying “a prior condition“ at the end of paragraph 7, the author refers to_.（A）reasons for losing a job（B） illness befo

36、re being fired（C） the bankruptcy of a plant（D）the fault of the employee15 According to professor David Williams, unemployment_,（A）may happen to every employee（B） may be a reminder of poor health（C） may be hazardous to ones health（D）may lead to serious mental illness15 It has been vaguely asserted th

37、at “diversity is good. “ If “diversity“ is good, then homogeneity ought to be bad. It ought to be very bad in the eyes of the higher education establishment that has fought so vociferously in behalf of diversity.To gauge how uninterested many of America s leading colleges and universities are in gen

38、uine diversity, consider how homogeneous they ve become in recent years, in terms of the economic backgrounds of the students they recruit, admit, and enroll. Between 2004 and 2006, virtually all the richest and most highly ranked universities cut the percentage of undergraduates from lower-income f

39、amilies who received federal Pell Grants. These highly rated universities(at least as measured by U. S. News & World Report)were reducing their Pell Grant percentages even as their endowmentsthe profits of “nonprofit“ corporate universitieswere surging. For example, according to a new analysis by Th

40、e Journal of Blacks in Higher Education, the University of Pennsylvanias endowment grew by a third, to $ 5. 3 billion, during that two-year period. And yet, the percentage of Penn students eligible for Pell Grants dropped from 12 percent, to just 8. 8 percent.But the “most troubling“ aspect of this

41、relentlessly inverse relationship between university wealth and the economic diversity of students is the longevity of the trend, the Journals report finds. Whether the time frame is 23 years, 13 years, or two years, America s richest and most highly ranked universitiesand often the most aggressive

42、ones in their defense of diversityhave become homogeneous by social and economic class. How has this happened? As universities, particularly private ones, have become richer, they have paid more attention to building and maintaining costly empires driven by the desire to compete in the marketplace f

43、or prestige, where academic quality is measured by an annual fashion show called “Americas Best Colleges“. A weekly newsmagazine that claims to know a good college from a mediocre one is at the helm of this charade. In playing the rankings game, universities spend their money lavishly on “stars“. St

44、ar faculty members, star buildings, star stadiums, star coaches, and star students. The worst offenders in essence bribe students with high SAT scores to enroll at their institutions and call the aid “merit“ scholarships, knowing full well that the money most often goes to affluent kids from the sub

45、urbs who have attended the best high schools. Merit has little to do with it. Its all about the show.16 Many leading universities in America_.（A）call for diversity insincerely（B） fight for diversity valorously（C） take homogeneity for granted（D）prefer diversity to homogeneity17 The diversity in highe

46、r education manifests in_.（A）the obvious increase of privileged students（B） the percentage of Pell Grant undergraduates（C） the surge of endowments given to universities（D）the admission of more underprivileged students18 The author thinks that most highly tanked universities_.（A）seek more endowments

47、for the students（B） admit roughly the same kind of students（C） pursue diversity in the students they admit（D）are divergent in their policy to recruit students19 The example of the University of Pennsylvania is given to show_.（A）the drop of Pell Grant percentages（B） the economic diversity of students

48、（C） the homogeneity of top universities（D）the influence of wealth on diversity20 Many universities in America have become more homogeneous because they want_.（A）to compete in the market for success（B） to be one of “Americas Best Colleges“（C） to have more money to spend on “stars“（D）to admit kids fro

49、m the best high schools考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷 357 答案与解析Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)【知识模块】 阅读理解1 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 根据第一段最后一句“making hers an inspiring story of self-made success，a story of awoman living the American dream”，C 应为答案。【知识模块】 阅读理解2 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 根据第一段最后一句“making hers an inspiring story of self-made success，a story of awoman living the American dream”和第二段第一句“it is only a smal