EN 50272-1-2010 en Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations - Part 1 General safety information《二次蓄电池和电池装置的安全要求 第1部分 一般安全信息》.pdf

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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 50272-1:2010Safety requirements forsecondary batteries andbattery installationsPart 1: General safety informationBS EN 50272-1:2010 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis Br

2、itish Standard is the UK implementation of EN 50272-1:2010.It supersedes BS 6132:1983 and BS 6133:1995, which will bewithdrawn on 1 October 2011.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PEL/21, Secondary cells and batteries.A list of organizations represented on th

3、is committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011 ISBN 978 0 580 56068 2 ICS 13.260; 29.220.20; 29.220.30 Compliance with a British Standard cannot

4、 confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 February 2011. Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN 50272-1:2010EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 50272-1 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE N

5、ORM October 2010 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels 2010 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any me

6、ans reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 50272-1:2010 E ICS 13.260; 29.130.20 English version Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations - Part 1: General safety information Rgles de scurit pour les batteries et les installations de batteries - Partie 1: Inf

7、ormation gnrale de scuritSicherheitsanforderungen an Batterien und Batterieanlagen - Teil 1: Allgemeine Sicherheitsinformationen This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2010-10-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions

8、for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three of

9、ficial versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical co

10、mmittees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland

11、and the United Kingdom. BS EN 50272-1:2010EN 50272-1:2010 - 2 - Foreword This European Standard was prepared by the Technical Committee CENELEC TC 21X, Secondary cells and batteries. It was submitted to the formal vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 50272-1 on 2010-10-01. Attention is drawn to th

12、e possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The following dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publicatio

13、n of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2011-10-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2013-10-01 _ BS EN 50272-1:2010- 3 - EN 50272-1:2010 Contents 1 Scope 42 Normative references 43 duv definitions 54 General Informatio

14、n 74.1 General 7 4.2 Charge . 74.3 Discharge 94.4 Superimposed AC current / ripple current . 95 Protection against electric shock 106 Disconnection and separation . 107 Commissioning and putting batteries into operation 107.1 Delivery conditions of batteries . 107.2 Electrolyte and topping up water

15、(for vented / flooded type cells only) 107.3 Commissioning 108 Limit values and correction factors. 108.1 General 10 8.2 Rated capacity and depth of discharge . 118.3 Charge current, charge voltage. 118.4 External short circuit 118.5 Battery temperature 129 Provisions against explosion hazards 1410

16、Provision against electrolyte hazards . 1411 Marking, labeling and instructions 1412 Transport and storage 1413 Disposal and environmental aspects 14Bibliography . 16Figures Figure 1 - Battery / cycle operation mode of a battery (charge / discharge) . 8 Figure 2 - Response (switch) mode operation. 9

17、 Figure 3 - Parallel operation mode (incl. standby and buffer operation mode) . 9 Figure 4 - Freezing point curve of sulphuric acid 12 Figure 5 - Freezing point curve of potassium hydroxide solution 13 Tables Table 1 - Galvanic secondary elements (rechargeable batteries) . 7Table 2 - Preferred field

18、s of application of secondary battery design . 7Table 3 - Permitted variation of single cell voltage during charging with constant voltage at 20 C 11Table 4 - Operating temperatures . 12Table 5 - Typical Temperature correction factor Uof the single cell charging voltage 13BS EN 50272-1:2010EN 50272-

19、1:2010 - 4 - 1 Scope This European Standard is Part 1 of EN 50272 under the generic title “Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations” with nominal voltages up to DC 1 500 V (low voltage directive) and specifies the basic requirements referred to in the other parts of the

20、standard as follows: - Part 2 Stationary batteries - Part 3 Traction batteries - Part 4 Batteries for use in portable appliances The requirements regarding safety, reliability, life expectancy, mechanical strength, cycle stability, internal resistance, and battery temperature, are determined by vari

21、ous applications, and this, in turn, determines the selection of the battery design and technology. In general, the requirements and definitions are specified for lead-acid and nickel-cadmium batteries. For other battery systems, the requirements may be applied accordingly. The standard covers safet

22、y aspects taking into account hazards associated with: electricity (installation, charging, discharging, etc.); electrolyte; inflammable gas mixtures; storage and transportation. With respect to electrical safety, reference is made to EN 60364-4-41. 2 Normative references The following referenced do

23、cuments are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 50272-2 Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installat

24、ions - Part 2: Stationary batteries EN 50272-3 Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations - Part 3: Traction batteries EN 50272-4 Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations - Part 4: Batteries for use in portable appliances EN 60364-4-41 Electric

25、al installations of buildings - Part 4: Protection for safety - Chapter 41: Protection against electric shock (IEC 60364-4-41) EN 61429:1996 + A11:1998 Marking of secondary cells and batteries with the international recycling symbol ISO 7000-1135 and indications regarding directives 93/86/EEC and 91

26、/157/EEC (IEC 61429:1995) EN 62281 Safety of primary and secondary lithium cells and batteries during transport (IEC 62281) IEC 60050-482 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - Chapter 482: Primary and secondary cells and batteries IEC 60993 series Electrolyte for vented nickel-cadmium cellsBS

27、EN 50272-1:2010- 5 - EN 50272-1:2010 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-482 and the following apply. 3.1 stationary battery / stationary battery installation stationary batteries are installed in a fixed location and not generally

28、intended to be moved from place to place. They are permanently connected to both the load and the power supply and are incorporated into stationary equipment or installed in battery rooms for use in telecom, uninterruptible power supply (UPS), utility switching, emergency power or similar applicatio

29、ns 3.2 traction battery a secondary battery which is designed to provide the propulsion energy for electrical vehicles 3.3 cranking battery cranking batteries are used for starting of internal combustion engines in stationary, railway or other onboard applications 3.4 starter battery starter batteri

30、es are primarily used as a power source for the starting of internal combustion engines, lighting and also for auxiliary equipment of internal combustion engine vehicles 3.5 onboard battery batteries used for power supply of a DC network onboard ships, rail vehicles or off-road vehicles without auth

31、orization for public traffic 3.6 aircraft battery batteries used in aircrafts and helicopters for starting auxiliary engine and powering DC network 3.7 portable battery portable batteries are mainly used for power supply of portable appliances NOTE Batteries for portable equipment are usually mainte

32、nance-free. 3.8 battery room room in a building dedicated for the accommodation of stationary batteries 3.9 battery enclosure enclosure designed for the accommodation of batteries to protect against environmental impacts, unauthorised access of persons and hazards caused by the batteries 3.9.1 batte

33、ry cabinet enclosure equipped with lockable or non-lockable doors for servicing the battery. The cabinet can be completely or partly filled with batteries or can be equipped with additional electric or electronic devices respectively 3.9.2 battery shelter battery enclosure for outdoor installations.

34、 It can be designed as a movable unit for transportation BS EN 50272-1:2010EN 50272-1:2010 - 6 - 3.9.3 battery box closed box designed for the accommodation of batteries. They can form an integral part or parts of other equipment 3.10 mode of operation batteries require different type of charging an

35、d discharging depending on the type of application. The following modes of operation are typical: battery / cycle operation (charge / discharge operation) The load is powered by the battery only, after the battery has been charged. This can be permanently repeated (cycle operation); response mode op

36、eration (switch mode operation) In case of power failure the load is switched to the fully charged battery. The battery is charged by a separate charger; parallel operation mode. Battery, load and charger are permanently connected and operated in parallel. In case of power failure the load is contin

37、uously powered without any interruption by discharging the battery 3.11 charge of a battery operation during which a secondary cell or battery is supplied with electric energy from an external circuit which results in chemical changes within the cell and thus storage of energy as chemical energy IEV

38、 482-05-27 MOD 3.12 discharge of a battery operation by which a secondary cell or battery delivers to an external electric circuit and under specified conditions electric energy produced in the cells IEV 482-03-23 MOD 4 General Information 4.1 General The technical characteristics of secondary cells

39、 are listed in Table 1. The different electro-chemical systems have acidic, alkaline, non-aqueous or solid electrolyte. These electro-chemical systems generate different voltages depending on the type of positive and negative electrodes and the type of electrolyte. For each of the systems a nominal

40、voltage is defined. During operation some systems may generate and release gasses, which may be hazardous under certain conditions and require specific protective measures. BS EN 50272-1:2010- 7 - EN 50272-1:2010 Table 1 Electrochemical couples (secondary cells) Battery system Designation of System

41、Components Nominal voltage V Gassing voltage V Simplified equation of cell reaction charged condition discharged condition Electrodes Electrolyte Active mass of electrodes charged discharged positive negative positive negativeLead-acid Pb / PbO2 H2SO4 PbO2 Pb PbSO4 PbSO4 2,00 2,40 PbO2 + Pb + 2H2SO4

42、 2PbSO4 + 2H2O Nickel-cadmium Ni / Cd KOH / NaOH NiOOH Cd Ni(OH)2Cd(OH)2 1,20 1,552NiOOH + Cd + 2H2O 2Ni(OH)2+ Cd(OH)2Ni-metal-hydride Ni/MH KOH NiOOH H2 Ni(OH)2 H2O 1,20 1,552(NiOOH H2O) +H2 2Ni(OH)2+ 2H2O Nickel-iron Ni / Fe KOH NiOOH Fe Ni(OH)2Fe(OH)2 1,20 1,70 2NiOOH + Fe + 2H2O 2Ni(OH)2+ Fe(OH)

43、2Silver-zinc Ag / Zn KOH AgO Zn Ag Zn(OH)21,55 2,05 AgO + Zn + H2O Ag + Zn(OH)2Lithium-systems Lix/ C non-aqueous Li1-xMetO2 + xLi C LiMetO2 C+xLi 3,60 anonebLi1-xMO2+CLix LiMO2+C aTypical nominal voltage. b Li or Li-Ion cells have a limiting voltage specified by the manufacturer. Table 2 - Preferre

44、d fields of application of secondary battery design Field of application Stationary battery EN 50272-2 Traction battery EN 50272-3 Portable batteryEN 50272-4 Telecommunication 5 Power plants / Substations 5 DC power supply systems alarm system, signal systems, railway crossings, etc. 5 Emergency pow

45、er supply 5 UPS systems 5 Starting of internal combustion engines (cranking battery ) 5 PV solar systems 5 Forklift trucks / Electric handling machines / 5 Automatic guided vehicles Mobile robots 5Cleaning machines Wheel chairs 5 Explosion proof batteries mining batteries 5Leisure type batteries, e.

46、g. Caravans, boats, yachts 5 Batteries onboard ships (boats), railway and other vehicles 5 5 Portable appliances 5 General purpose batteries 5 5 5 4.2 Charge 4.2.1 General After a discharge, Secondary Batteries can be recharged by use of a suitable DC power source. Normally batteries supply the ener

47、gy for a specified time period to appliances, systems or vehicles independent from the mains power supply. BS EN 50272-1:2010EN 50272-1:2010 - 8 - Batteries can also be kept fully charged by applying permanent float charge and can be operated as a reserve power source, e.g. in fail safe power supply

48、 systems. The characteristic of the charge equipment is determined by the electro-chemical system, the battery design and the application. The charger shall provide the required charging characteristics and charging regime to suit to the operating conditions. In the case of parallel operation of the

49、 battery with the charger and load, the systems settings for current and voltage shall reflect the values specified by the battery manufacturer. 4.2.2 Charging techniques and charging procedures For proper charging of secondary batteries, manufacturers specified charging procedures and charging regimes shall be applied. For achieving long service life of secondary batteries the limit values and operating