DIN EN 16493-2014 Water quality - Nomenclatural requirements for the recording of biodiversity data taxonomic checklists and keys German version EN 16493 2014《水质 记录生物多样性数据 分类清单和钥匙的.pdf

《DIN EN 16493-2014 Water quality - Nomenclatural requirements for the recording of biodiversity data taxonomic checklists and keys German version EN 16493 2014《水质 记录生物多样性数据 分类清单和钥匙的.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《DIN EN 16493-2014 Water quality - Nomenclatural requirements for the recording of biodiversity data taxonomic checklists and keys German version EN 16493 2014《水质 记录生物多样性数据 分类清单和钥匙的.pdf（14页珍藏版）》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。

1、November 2014 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 11No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).I

2、CS 13.060.70; 07.100.20!%#“2270200www.din.deDDIN EN 16493Water quality Nomenclatural requirements for the recording of biodiversity data,taxonomic checklists and keys;English version EN 16493:2014,English translation of DIN EN 16493:2014-11Wasserbeschaffenheit Anforderungen an die Nomenklatur fr Auf

3、zeichnungen ber Biodiversittsdaten,taxonomische Checklisten und Bestimmungsschlssel;Englische Fassung EN 16493:2014,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN 16493:2014-11Qualit de leau Exigences nomenclaturales pour lenregistrement des donnes de biodiversit, lesrfrentiels et les cls taxonomiques;Version angl

4、aise EN 16493:2014,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN 16493:2014-11www.beuth.deDocument comprises 14 pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.11.14 DIN EN 16493:2014-11 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN 16493:2014) ha

5、s been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 230 “Water analysis” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the DIN-Normenausschuss Wasserwesen (DIN Standards Committee Water Practice), Working Committee NA 119-01-03-05-06 AK Biologisch-kologische Gews

6、seruntersuchung of NA 119-01-03 AA Wasseruntersuchung. Designation of the method: Nomenclatural requirements for the recording of biodiversity data, taxonomic checklists and keys (M 47): Method DIN EN 16493 M 47 This standard has been published to implement the Water Framework Directive (WFD), Direc

7、tive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy*). Expert assistance and specialized laboratories will be required to perform the analyses described in this standard. Existing safety requireme

8、nts are to be observed. Depending on the objective of the analysis, a check shall be made on a case-by-case basis as to whether and to what extent additional conditions will have to be specified. This standard has been prepared by the DIN-Normenausschuss Wasserwesen (DIN Standards Committee Water Pr

9、actice) in collaboration with the Wasserchemische Gesellschaft Fachgruppe in der Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (Water Chemistry Society Division of the German Chemical Society). It is part of the series Deutsche Einheitsverfahren zur Wasser-, Abwasser- und Schlammuntersuchung (German standard meth

10、ods for the examination of water, waste water and sludge): Nomenclatural requirements for the recording of biodiversity data, taxonomic checklists and keys (M 47). Standard methods published as DIN Standards are obtainable from Beuth Verlag GmbH, either individually or grouped in volumes. The standa

11、rd methods included in the loose-leaf publication entitled Deutsche Einheitsverfahren zur Wasser-, Abwasser- und Schlammuntersuchung will continue to be published by Beuth Verlag GmbH and Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH 13.060.70 English Version Water quality - Nomenclatural requirements for the recording of

12、biodiversity data, taxonomic checklists and keys Qualit de leau - Exigences nomenclaturales pour lenregistrement des donnes de biodiversit, les rfrentiels et les cls taxonomiques Wasserbeschaffenheit - Anforderungen an die Nomenklatur fr Aufzeichnungen ber Biodiversittsdaten, taxonomische Checkliste

13、n und Bestimmungsschlssel This European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 July 2014. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists

14、and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under th

15、e responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugos

16、lav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN

17、DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16493:2014 EEN 16493:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduc

18、tion .4 1 Scope 5 2 Terms and definitions .5 3 Taxonomic names6 3.1 General 6 3.2 Taxon name 6 3.3 Author citation .7 3.4 Nominate variety 8 3.5 Preferred names.8 3.6 Hybrids 9 3.7 Storage of data .9 Annex A (informative) Most important terms and their abbreviations used in nomenclature . 10 Bibliog

19、raphy . 12 DIN EN 16493:2014-11 EN 16493:2014 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 16493:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 230 “Water analysis”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of

20、an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall no

21、t be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,

22、 Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 16493:2014-

23、11 EN 16493:2014 (E) 4 Introduction Assessments of ecological quality of aquatic systems are generally based on the taxonomic composition of the available, most relevant communities like macro-invertebrates, phytobenthos and phytoplankton. Consequently, the recording of taxonomic names is a major ac

24、tivity in hydrobiological studies. Scientific names of animals and plants should be unambiguous and unique to ensure effective communication. To achieve this goal internationally accepted rules have been established in nomenclatural codes, the most important of which is the International Code of Bot

25、anical Nomenclature (ICBN 1, from 2012 renamed ICN: International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants 2) and the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 3). Various editions of each of these codes exist; a new edition of the Botanical Code is published every 6 years. The un

26、familiarity of most technicians and ecologists with these codes is a major cause of the abundance of problems in ecological assessments and data storage. Unambiguous exchange of data between biological databases is often impossible and recorded names are often meaningless due to inaccurate applicati

27、on or the complete disregard for nomenclatural rules. This European standard, therefore, aims at providing guidance to both technicians and ecologists on the proper writing, use and interpretation of taxonomic names to allow effective scientific communication at all levels. DIN EN 16493:2014-11 EN 1

28、6493:2014 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard describes the most relevant rules of the Botanical and Zoological Codes necessary for unequivocal recording of biodiversity in the aquatic environment. Furthermore, guidance is given on how to deal with taxonomic changes in relation to recorded taxonomi

29、c names. NOTE A Code only affects taxonomic changes carried out in the period covered by that particular edition of the Code. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 taxonomy scientific discipline of identifying and naming species, an

30、d arranging them into a classification 2.2 taxon taxa, pl taxonomic entity (unit of determination) at any rank 2.3 taxonomic rank relative position of a taxon in the taxonomic hierarchy 2.4 taxonomic entity group or unit belonging to a certain taxonomic rank 2.5 epithet part of the scientific name o

31、f a taxon at the level of Genus or lower 2.6 type nomenclatural type is that element to which the name of a taxon is permanently attached 2.7 basionym previously published legitimate epithet-bringing name from which a new combination is formed 2.8 homonym name, spelled exactly like another name, pub

32、lished for a taxon of the same rank based on a different type 2.9 nominate variety variety automatically generated when other varieties of a given species are described 2.10 homotypic synonym nomenclatural synonym objective synonym synonym based on the same type as that of another name in the same r

33、ank DIN EN 16493:2014-11 EN 16493:2014 (E) 6 2.11 heterotypic synonym taxonomic synonym subjective synonym synonym based on a type different from that of the accepted name 2.12 hybrid offspring resulting from the interbreeding of two different taxa at the level of Genus or lower 3 Taxonomic names 3.

34、1 General Taxonomic names are scientific names of taxonomic entities. The most important entities (ranks) are written from low to high in the taxonomic hierarchy (in Latin, with common name given in brackets): Forma (form); Varietas (variety); Subspecies (subspecies); Species (species); Genus (genus

35、); Familia (family); Ordo (order); Classis (class); Phylum (phylum, sometimes indicated as Divisio or division); Regnum (kingdom). Taxonomic names shall meet the requirements set by the Codes, concerning correct (Latin or Latinized) spelling, gender, the use of punctuation marks, etc. (compare also

36、Stearn 2004 4). In principle, only validly published and legitimate names should be used. Occasionally the only available name for a taxon does not meet the rules of the respective Code, but is still widely used. Where this is the case, the only available taxon should be used. 3.2 Taxon name A disti

37、nction should be made between names at the level of genus and higher, species names and the names of infra-specific taxa. Scientific names of genera and higher taxa (family, order, class, etc.) are single (but occasionally compound) names, written with an initial capital letter. A genus may be subdi

38、vided. The name of such a subdivision is a combination of a generic name and an infra-generic name also written with an initial capital letter. A connecting term (subgenus, section, etc.) is used to denote the rank. When it is appropriate to indicate the name of a subdivision of the genus in questio

39、n, the infra-generic name should be placed in parentheses between the two. For the subdivision of other taxonomic ranks, the respective Codes should be consulted. The scientific name of a species is a combination of a generic name and a specific epithet (a “binomial“), the latter without an initial

40、capital letter. Scientific names of infra-specific taxa (all taxa below the level of species, DIN EN 16493:2014-11 EN 16493:2014 (E) 7 such as subspecies, varieties, etc.) are combinations of three name parts (in zoology a trinomen and in botany a ternary name): a generic name and two epithets. In i

41、nfra-specific zoological taxon names the three component names are placed in succession, indicating that a subspecies is being referred to. In infra-specific botanical taxon names, an indication of the taxonomic level should be given between the second and third name by abbreviated linking terms as,

42、 e.g. “subsp.” for subspecies; “var.” for variety; or “f.” for forma. Epithets might be of very different origin; an important rule is that the gender of the genus name prescribes that of the epithets. Names of taxa at the level of genus and lower should be written in italics. Names of higher taxa a

43、nd terms of taxonomic rank should be written in Roman type. When a species name or different species names belonging to the same genus are repeatedly mentioned in the text of a publication, the genus name should be written in full the first time it is mentioned, but may be abbreviated elsewhere to i

44、ts initial and followed by a dot. Abbreviations of the genus name as mentioned above shall not be used when transferring data to databases. 3.3 Author citation Since taxonomic names might have different interpretations, for publication and data storage, a name shall always (at least at its first rec

45、ord) be accompanied by the citation of the author(s), including initials, and year of publication of its original, valid description, both written in Roman type. Unfortunately, the rules of correct citation in the prevailing codes are divergent. Unlike the Botanical Code, the Zoological Code require

46、s that the year of publication is separated by a comma from the authors name. When citing a botanical name including its author, the authors name is often abbreviated. To encourage consistency the Botanical Code recommends the use of Brummitt and Powell (1992) 5, where each author of a botanical nam

47、e has been assigned a unique abbreviation. Their work is continued in the International Plant Names Index 6. For absolute clarity, the authors name(s) and year of publication should be written in full. The impact of a typing error in abbreviations is larger than in the full name. When an author deci

48、des to change the classification (and hence the name) of a taxon described previously by another author, the name of the original describing author (or combination of authors) should appear between brackets in the final combination. In botanical taxa this is followed by the name of the revising author(s) and year of publication. Both taxon names are now considered synonyms; the original name-bringing synonym is generally called basionym. In general, the name (or combination of names) of the au