DIN EN 16116-2-2014 Railway applications - Design requirements for steps handrails and associated access for staff - Part 2 Freight wagons German version EN 16116-2 2013《轨道交通 台阶、扶手.pdf

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1、-DQXDU7UDQVODWLRQE,16SUDFKHQGLHQVW(QJOLVKSULFHJURXS1RSDUWRIWKLVWUDQVODWLRQPDEHUHSURGXFHGZLWKRXWSULRUSHUPLVVLRQRI,1HXWVFKHV,QVWLWXWIU1RUPXQJH9%HUOLQ%HXWK9HUODJ*PE+%HUOLQ*HUPDQKDVWKHHFOXVLYHULJKWRIVDOHIRU*HUPDQ6WDQGDUGV ,11RUPHQ , Part 2: Freight wagons. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulatio

2、ns, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,

3、 Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 16116-2:2014-01EN 16116-2:2013 (E)4 Introduction To achieve an undisturbed, reliable and safe operation of freight trains it is

4、 essential to define common requirements for safe access and egress for rolling stock of interoperable trains with respect to e.g. structural requirements, operating characteristics, way of operation, maintenance as well as their handling. Coupling of freight wagons by means of screw couplings is us

5、ually done by personnel. The design of freight wagons needs to be suitable to meet these functions without exposing staff to undue risk. Freight wagons require sufficient space for their coupling and uncoupling by staff without any rigid features impeding accessibility to the screw coupler. Also the

6、re is a need for provision of suitable footsteps and handrails for personnel, to allow temporary travel outside the vehicle during shunting as well as to access the vehicle. If wagons according to TSI-FW are equipped with steps and handholds, these needs apply to all designs of vehicle. To achieve a

7、n undisturbed, reliable and safe operation it is therefore essential to harmonise the functional requirements and characteristic dimensions and assess and permanently ensure their suitability for interoperable traffic. DIN EN 16116-2:2014-01EN 16116-2:2013 (E)5 1 Scope This European Standard specifi

8、es the minimum requirements for ergonomic and structural integrity of steps and handrails used together to give staff access to freight wagons. It does not cover ladders, top platforms and top gangways. It defines in particular the required spaces necessary for handling of screw couplings with side

9、buffers, for shunter handrails, for shunters stand, for steps and handrails. This European Standard also defines their dimensions, positions, limits for durability and functionality. It also defines the general requirements for the access to tail lights for freight wagons. 2 Normative references The

10、 following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 10025-2

11、, Hot rolled products of structural steels Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for non-alloy structural steels EN 12561-7, Railway applications Tank wagons Part 7: Platforms and ladders EN 15085 (all parts), Railway applications Welding of railway vehicles and components EN 15273-2, Railway applic

12、ations Gauges Part 2: Rolling stock gauge 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 clearance defined free space which is needed to ensure space for the correct functioning of, and safety when handling, devices 3.2 step footstep with de

13、fined properties solely for staff use 3.3 shunter shunting staff who couples and uncouples vehicles or directs movements 3.4 shunters step specific step used for the shunters stand 3.5 handrail handrail with defined properties solely for staff use DIN EN 16116-2:2014-01EN 16116-2:2013 (E) 6 3.6 shun

14、ter handrail specific handrail fitted at headstock under each buffer 3.7 shunters stand shunters step in combination with handrail for the specific use of shunting staff to allow travel outside the wagon during shunting 3.8 reserved spaces defined free space which is needed to ensure safe working co

15、nditions for the shunting staff during coupling and uncoupling of screw couplings 4 Steps and handrails 4.1 General requirements If not otherwise defined in this standard, steps and handrails used by staff shall be secured as follows: with bolts of adequate length and self-locking nuts, or with bolt

16、s of adequate length and cottered hexagon castlenuts, or with high-strength lock ring-bolts. The mechanical strength of the material used for all kind of handrails and steps, where the properties according to 4.2.2 are not required, shall be as a minimum that of EN 10025-2, grade S235JR. 4.2 Steps 4

17、.2.1 General Steps shall be made with non-slip surface. This should be a metal grating, see Figure 1, Pos. 1 or Pos. 2. For all other solutions the following characteristics shall be fulfilled: Resistance to friction The average value of the friction coefficient measured in three directions (lengthw

18、ise, breadthwise and diagonally) shall reach the following minimum values: a) in dry condition = 0,65 b) in wet condition (water) = 0,65 c) in oiled condition = 0,30 Friction coefficient values shall be ascertained by means of a 100 mm 100 mm movable plate, on which a rubber pad with 80 shore hardne

19、ss shall be glued; this plate shall be loaded with a weight of 75 kg. For the measurements carried out with water and oil, the grating shall be fully immersed. DIN EN 16116-2:2014-01EN 16116-2:2013 (E)7 Mechanical strength Metal gratings shall withstand, without residual deformation, a horizontal co

20、mpression force of at least 4 kN, exerted parallel and at right angles to the edge of the step board, and of at least 8 kN exerted diagonally in relation to the edge of the step board. Elastic deformations shall not exceed 10 mm. Grating structure To ensure that the gratings are sufficiently well-ad

21、apted to winter conditions, a ratio of at least 50 % of “void“ area to total area shall be observed. Only apertures with a minimum area of 400 mm2shall be taken into account to determine this ratio. NOTE The “void“ area is the free space afforded by the grating apertures in the vertical direction. 4

22、.2.2 Shunters step The material for the steps support shall be S355J2C + N in accordance with EN 10025-2. Cold forming for steps support is not allowed. The shunters step is shown in Figure 1. The grating according to Figure 1 is mandatory. For specific operation the size of the step of the shunters

23、 stand can be reduced to 270 mm x 225 mm. The surface protection (e.g. hot-galvanised) should provide an adequate service life. DIN EN 16116-2:2014-01EN 16116-2:2013 (E)8 Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 grating from welded metal (Figure 2a) 2 grating from expanded metal (Figure 2b) 3 buffer fixing p

24、lane Figure 1 Shunters step DIN EN 16116-2:2014-01EN 16116-2:2013 (E)9 Dimensions in millimetres a) Example for grating from welded metal Dimensions in millimetres b) Example for grating from expanded metal Figure 2 Examples for grating DIN EN 16116-2:2014-01EN 16116-2:2013 (E)10 4.2.3 Other steps T

25、he other steps may be welded into place in accordance with EN 15085. The minimum dimensions (length width) of the surface shall be: crossing steps and steps for checking the load 175 mm 175 mm; When stirrup shaped steps are used for crossing steps at the wagon side they shall be 425 mm 50 mm steps f

26、or platform or gangway 430 mm 160 mm; steps for staff access to the wagon floor from both sides 500 mm 110 mm; When stirrup shaped steps are used they shall be 500 mm 50 mm stirrup shaped steps and steps with a width 160 mm, the friction resistance has to be in accordance with 4.2.1 and the clearanc

27、e behind the steps including the width of the step shall be in accordance with EN 12561-7. The minimum distance in vertical direction at steps for platforms and gangways (example in B.1) shall be: If there are more than one step, the vertical distance between the steps and platform shall not be less

28、 than 360 mm and not more than 400 mm. An equal distance of 365 mm should be preferred. The lateral recess between the second and the lowest step shall be 80 mm. 4.3 Handrails 4.3.1 General If there are no deviating indications in the drawings, the handrails shall be made from round-bar steel with m

29、inimum diameter of 20 mm or pipe steel. The maximum diameter shall be 35 mm. The handrails shall withstand the loads applied by the shunters accessing the steps or the space between the buffers. When using round-bar steel and material specifications, fixing requirements and dimensions given in this

30、standard it is proven that these loads are sustained. Otherwise it shall be demonstrated by analyses or tests that the handrail is capable of withstanding a force of 1,5 kN applied at any point over its length at any direction without causing permanent deformation in it. When demonstrated by tests,

31、permanent deformations on first loading shall not be considered. All measurements related to the positions of the handrails are referring to the centrelines of the handrails. Clearances are measured from the surfaces of the handrails. The clearance between the handrails and any part of the wagon sha

32、ll be at least 120 mm. In order to comply with the kinematic gauge the position of the handrails can be adjusted in exceptional cases. 4.3.2 Shunter handrail Wagons shall be equipped with two shunter handrails at each headstock under the buffers. The clearance between the handrails and any part of t

33、he wagon can be reduced to 100 mm. The minimum dimensions and the positions for the shunter handrail are defined in Figure 3 and Figure 4. DIN EN 16116-2:2014-01EN 16116-2:2013 (E)11 Dimensions in millimetres Figure 3 Positions of shunter handrails Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 area which may be u

34、sed by the shunter in the case of a wagon fitted with an automatic coupler Figure 4 Position of shunter handrail when using automatic coupler together with side buffers 4.3.3 Other handrails Other handrails may be welded into place in accordance with EN 15085. DIN EN 16116-2:2014-01EN 16116-2:2013 (

35、E)12 5 Shunters stand 5.1 General Each wagon end (headstock) shall be equipped with a left-end positioned shunters stand, which is placed on the left side of the headstock when seen by an observer standing in the centre-line of the track facing the headstock. Where a wagon end is equipped with a gan

36、gway according to Annex B, a shunters stand is not required. Each shunters stand includes a step defined in 4.2.2 and a minimum of one handrail. This handrail shall be made from pipe steel with a diameter of (30 +5/0) mm, with a minimum wall thickness of 2 mm and a minimum clearance of 230 mm. A sec

37、ond handrail shall be provided for safe access to the shunters stand. An example is given in Figure 5, Pos. 7. Such a handrail is not needed for the designs according to 5.2 and 5.3. The rear edge of the shunters step shall lie in the buffer vertical fixing plane. The fixing of the shunters stand (s

38、tep and handrail) to the carbody shall be by means that permit removable mounting for maintenance purposes; welding is not acceptable. The position and the dimensions required for the handrails and the position for the step are defined in Figure 5. Exceptions to this are defined in Figure 6 and Figu

39、re 7. NOTE Figures 5, 6 and 7 regarding handrails are dimensions from the symmetric axles of the handrails. The fixing of the handrails depends on the individual design of the under frame or superstructure. In exceptional cases (e.g. particular gauges), and in order to comply with the reserved space

40、 stated in 6.2.2, as long as the kinematic gauge is respected, the shunters stand can be adjusted in the horizontal direction. Only if this method is not successful, a vertical adjustment of the shunters stand could be accepted, but no more than permitted by the kinematic gauge. The vertical positio

41、n shall not be less than 480 mm instead of 495 mm (see Figure 6, Footnote 1) from coupling centre line. DIN EN 16116-2:2014-01EN 16116-2:2013 (E)13 Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 coupling centre line 2 buffer fixing plane 3 top of rail 4 reserved spaces as per Figure 9 5 handrail 6 step 7 handrail

42、corner upright aIf for wagon design reasons, component parts extend into the reserved space up to max. 80 mm (or 95 mm in relation to the buffer fixing plane), this dimension shall be increased according to the dimensions of the corresponding components. Figure 5 Shunters stand DIN EN 16116-2:2014-0

43、1EN 16116-2:2013 (E) 14 5.2 Shunters stand at wagons with end wall boards The positions for the handrails and the step for the shunters stand are defined in Figure 6. Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 coupling centre line 2 buffer fixing plane 3 top of rail 4 reserved space as per Figure 9 5 handrail

44、6 step aThese measurements have to be adjusted in order to avoid interferences between buffer and handrail when the moveable end wall board is in the horizontal position. Figure 6 Shunters stand at wagons with end wall boards DIN EN 16116-2:2014-01EN 16116-2:2013 (E)15 5.3 Shunters stand with tiltin

45、g handrail In the case when the common shunters stand is not appropriate, e.g. at wagons without superstructure or at wagons where the loading area starts at a distance less than 800 mm from the buffer fixing plane, a shunters stand with a tilting handrail, as described below, shall be provided. The

46、 positions for the handrails and the step for the shunters stand at wagons without superstructure are defined in Figure 7. Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 coupling centre line 5 handrail 2 buffer fixing plane 6 step 3 top of rail 7 rest position bracket 4 reserved space as per Figure 9 aIf the centr

47、e line of a coupler is lower than 1 040 mm this distance has to be reduced so that the step remains at the same level as the common shunters stand. Figure 7 Shunters stand with tilting handrail DIN EN 16116-2:2014-01EN 16116-2:2013 (E)16 The requirements are: The handrail shall be tilted when a forc

48、e exceeding 800 N applies at the top end and it shall be possible to revert it into the original position. It shall also be capable of being tipped in the lateral direction to the centreline of the wagon in a rest position. Therefore it is required to have a locking device to avoid an unintentional tipping and it is recommended to have a support for placing the handrail in the horizontal rest position (see Figure 7).