BS EN 16247-2-2014 Energy audits Buildings《能源审计 建筑物》.pdf

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1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 16247-2:2014Energy auditsPart 2: BuildingsBS EN 16247-2:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 16247-2:2014.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee SEM/1/1, Energy Management System

2、s and EnergyAudits.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2014. Publis

3、hed by BSI StandardsLimited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 77711 0ICS 03.120.10; 27.010; 91.140.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2014.Amendments issue

4、d since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 16247-2:2014EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16247-2 May 2014 ICS 03.120.10; 27.010; 91.140.01 English version Energy audits - Part 2: Buildings Audits nergtiques - Partie 2 : Btiments Energieaudits - Teil 2: Gebude This European Standar

5、d was approved by CEN on 27 May 2014. CEN and CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references conce

6、rning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN and CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CE

7、N and CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic

8、, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. CEN-CENELEC

9、Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. EN 16247-2:2014 E BS EN 16247-2:2014EN 16247-2:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword . 4 0 Introduct

10、ion . 5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references . 6 3 Terms and definitions . 6 4 Quality requirements 8 4.1 Energy auditor . 8 4.1.1 Competency . 8 4.1.2 Confidentiality . 8 4.1.3 Objectivity 8 4.1.4 Transparency . 8 4.2 Energy audit process 8 5 Elements of the energy audit process 8 5.1 Preliminary conta

11、ct . 8 5.2 Start-up meeting 9 5.3 Collecting data 10 5.3.1 General . 10 5.3.2 Information request 10 5.3.3 Review of the available data 11 5.3.4 Preliminary data analysis . 11 5.4 Field work 12 5.4.1 Aim of field work . 12 5.4.2 Conduct 12 5.4.3 Site visits . 12 5.5 Analysis . 13 5.5.1 General . 13

12、5.5.2 Energy breakdown 13 5.5.3 Energy performance indicators . 14 5.5.4 Energy efficiency improvement opportunities 14 5.6 Report . 14 5.6.1 General . 14 5.6.2 Content of report . 14 5.7 Final meeting . 15 Annex A (informative) Energy audit process flow diagram 16 Annex B (informative) Examples of

13、parties of an energy audit in buildings 17 Annex C (informative) Examples of the scope, aim and thoroughness of energy audits in buildings 18 Annex D (informative) Examples of checklists for energy audit field work in buildings 20 Annex E (informative) Examples of the analysis of energy use in build

14、ings . 24 Annex F (informative) Examples of analysis checklists for energy audits in buildings . 28 Annex G (informative) Examples of energy performance indicators in buildings . 31 Annex H (informative) Examples of energy efficiency improvement opportunities in buildings 32 BS EN 16247-2:2014EN 162

15、47-2:2014 (E) 3 Annex I (informative) Examples of analysis and savings calculations in energy audits in buildings 33 Annex J (informative) Examples of the reporting of an energy audit in buildings 40 Annex K (informative) Example of energy improvement verification method in buildings 42 Bibliography

16、 . 44 BS EN 16247-2:2014EN 16247-2:2014 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 16247-2:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/CLC/JWG 1 “Energy audits”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an

17、 identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2014 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not b

18、e held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This Part provides additional material to Part 1 for the Buildings sector and should be used in conjunction with Part 1. This European Standard is part of the series EN 16247 “Energy audits” which comprises the following: Part 1 Gener

19、al requirements; Part 2 Buildings; Part 3 Processes; Part 4 Transport; Part 5 Competence of energy auditors. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, C

20、roatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey an

21、d the United Kingdom. BS EN 16247-2:2014EN 16247-2:2014 (E) 5 0 Introduction An energy audit can help an organization to identify opportunities to improve energy efficiency. It can be part of a site wide energy management system. The use and operation of buildings requires the provision of services

22、such as heating, cooling, ventilation, lighting, domestic hot water, transportation systems (e.g. elevators, escalators and moving walkways) in buildings and processes. In addition, energy is used by appliances within the building. The energy consumption depends on: local climatic conditions; the ch

23、aracteristics of the building envelope; the designed indoor environment conditions; the characteristics and settings of the technical building systems; activities and processes in the building; occupant behaviour and operational regime. Dealing with buildings, the audited objects are sometimes simil

24、ar, technically simple and numerous (as in the residential sector) but can also be unique, complex and highly technical (such as hospitals, swimming pools and spas, etc.). Energy audits in buildings may include the whole building or parts of the building or some technical system. Energy performance

25、indicators (benchmark values, if available) or average statistical specific energy consumption data are usually published nationally for different building types and ages. This information can be used in the analysis to provide comparative energy performance evaluation. NOTE The energy audits covere

26、d under this standard might be independent from building energy performance certification and other legislative requirements. BS EN 16247-2:2014EN 16247-2:2014 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard is applicable to specific energy audit requirements in buildings. It specifies the requirements, method

27、ology and deliverables of an energy audit in a building or group of buildings, excluding individual private dwellings. It shall be applied in conjunction with, and is supplementary to, EN 16247-1, Energy audits Part 1: General requirements. It provides additional requirements to EN 16247-1 and shall

28、 be applied simultaneously. If processes are included in the scope of the energy audit, the energy auditor may choose to apply EN 16247-3, Energy audits Part 3: Processes. If on-site transport on a site is included in the scope of the energy audit, the energy auditor may choose to apply EN 16247-4,

29、Energy audits Part 4: Transport. NOTE This standard may cover multi-dwelling apartment blocks where communal services are supplied from a landlord. It is not intended for individual dwellings and single family houses. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normative

30、ly referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 16247-1, Energy audits - Part 1: General requirements EN 15603,

31、 Energy performance of buildings - Overall energy use and definition of energy ratings 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 16247-1 and the following apply. 3.1 building construction as a whole, including its envelope and all techn

32、ical building systems, for which energy may be used to condition the indoor climate, to provide domestic hot water and illumination and other services related to the use of the building and the activities performed within the building Note 1 to entry: The term can refer to the building as a whole or

33、 to parts thereof that have been designed or altered to be used separately. Note 2 to entry: The building could include its site location and related external environment. 3.2 system boundary boundary that includes within it all areas associated with the audited object (both inside and outside the a

34、udited object) where energy is consumed or produced Note 1 to entry: Inside the system boundary the system losses are taken into account explicitly, outside the system boundary they are taken into account in a conversion factor. BS EN 16247-2:2014EN 16247-2:2014 (E) 7 3.3 energy need energy to be de

35、livered to or extracted from a building in a defined time period by a technical system to provide a building service 3.4 energy carrier substance or physical phenomenon that can be used directly or indirectly to be transformed into useful energy Note 1 to entry: The default energy content of fuels i

36、s gross calorific value. 3.5 delivered energy (final energy) energy, expressed per energy carrier, supplied to the technical building systems through the system boundary, to satisfy the uses taken into account or to produce electricity Note 1 to entry: Delivered energy can be calculated for defined

37、energy uses or it can be measured. Note 2 to entry: Energy uses include heating, cooling, ventilation, domestic hot water, lighting, appliances, etc. 3.6 produced energy heat or electricity generated within the system boundary Note 1 to entry: Produced energy can be used within the system boundary o

38、r exported. 3.7 exported energy energy, expressed for each energy carrier, delivered by the technical building systems through the system boundary and used outside the system boundary Note 1 to entry: It can be specified by generation types (e.g. CHP, photovoltaic, etc) in order to apply different w

39、eighting factors. Note 2 to entry: Exported energy can be calculated or it can be measured. SOURCE: CEN/TR 15615, 3.19 3.8 building services the services provided by the technical building systems and by appliances to condition the indoor environment (thermal comfort, air quality, visual and acousti

40、c quality) and other services related to the use of the building 3.9 technical building system technical equipment for heating, cooling, ventilation, domestic hot water, lighting and on-site energy production Note 1 to entry: A technical building system can refer to one or a combination of building

41、services (e.g. heating system include heating, domestic hot water system and controls). Note 2 to entry: A technical building system is composed of different subsystems and includes controls. Note 3 to entry: On-site energy production can include heat or electricity. BS EN 16247-2:2014EN 16247-2:201

42、4 (E) 8 4 Quality requirements 4.1 Energy auditor 4.1.1 Competency The energy auditor shall demonstrate that they have qualifications or experience covering the scope, complexity and thoroughness of the audit. NOTE See prEN 1624751. 4.1.2 Confidentiality The energy auditor shall respect all the lega

43、l and commercial confidentiality requirements agreed with the organization, which cover all parties involved, such as tenants, maintenance organizations, building occupants. 4.1.3 Objectivity Objectivity is defined in EN 16247-1, 4.1.3 4.1.4 Transparency Transparency is defined in EN 16247-1, 4.1.4

44、4.2 Energy audit process When a sampling method is used, any selected sample of spaces, systems or equipment shall be representative of the whole building or of a group of buildings. NOTE See Informative Annex A: A flow diagram of the energy audit process. 5 Elements of the energy audit process 5.1

45、Preliminary contact The energy auditor shall identify all parties/organizations and their roles in ownership, management, use, operation and maintenance of the building and their respective impacts and interests on energy use and consumption. NOTE 1 See Informative Annex B: Examples of parties of an

46、 energy audit in buildings. The scope of the audit should be agreed to cover technical interaction of the systems within the building, and the interaction of the systems with the building. Optimization of some specific sector to the exclusion of others may give misleading results. The agreed aims of

47、 the energy audit may contain: a) reducing energy consumption and costs; b) reducing environmental impact; 1prEN 16247-5 is currently not yet published and is under development. BS EN 16247-2:2014EN 16247-2:2014 (E) 9 c) complying with legislation or with voluntary obligations. The energy audit scop

48、e and boundaries shall define what is included, in terms of: a) which buildings from a list of buildings or parts of a building; b) which energy services; c) which technical building systems; d) which areas and systems outside the building; e) which energy performance indicators could be used as app

49、ropriate to the audit. The energy audit degree of thoroughness shall be agreed, taking into account that it will impact: a) time on site; b) choice of samples; c) level of modelling; d) requirements for measurements; e) level of metering, including sub-metering; f) level of defining the energy efficiency improvement opportunities; g) required auditors skills. NOTE 2 See Informative Annex C: Examples of the scope, aim and thoroughness of energy audits in buildings. 5.2 Start-up meeting During the start-up meeting the energy auditor shall agree with the