BS EN 14617-2-2016 Agglomerated stone Test methods Determination of flexural strength (bending)《烧结石料 试验方法 挠曲强度(挠度)的测定》.pdf

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1、BS EN 14617-2:2016Agglomerated stone TestmethodsPart 2: Determination of flexural strength(bending)BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS EN 14617-2:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 14617-2:2016.It

2、 supersedes BS EN 14617-2:2008 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/545, Natural stone.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the nec

3、essaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2016. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 91183 5ICS 91.100.15Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was

4、 published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2016.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 14617-2:2016EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 14617-2 June 2016 ICS 91.100.15 Supersedes EN 14617-2:2008English Version Agglomera

5、ted stone - Test methods - Part 2: Determination of flexural strength (bending) Pierre agglomre - Mthodes dessai - Partie 2: Dtermination de la rsistance la flexion (traction) Knstlich hergestellter Stein - Prfverfahren - Teil 2: Bestimmung der Biegefestigkeit (Schwenkbiegen) This European Standard

6、was approved by CEN on 25 March 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such n

7、ational standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own la

8、nguage and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Gree

9、ce, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG C

10、EN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14617-2:2016 EBS EN 14617-2:2016EN 14617-2:2016 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative re

11、ferences 4 3 Principle . 4 4 Symbols . 4 5 Apparatus . 4 6 Preparation of the specimens . 5 6.1 Sampling . 5 6.2 Test specimens . 5 6.2.1 Surface finish 5 6.2.2 Dimensions of the specimens for type testing and for factory production control 6 6.2.3 Conditioning before testing . 6 7 Test procedure .

12、6 8 Expression of the results 6 9 Test report . 7 Annex A (normative) Statistical evaluation of tests results 8 A.1 Scope 8 A.2 Symbols and definitions . 8 A.3 Statistical evaluation of test results . 8 Bibliography . 11 BS EN 14617-2:2016EN 14617-2:2016 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN 146

13、17-2:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 246 “Natural stones”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2016, and conflic

14、ting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This docume

15、nt supersedes EN 14617-2:2008. Clauses 2, 6.1, 6.2.2, 7 and 9 have been modified and old 6.23 “Tolerance“ has been deleted since the last edition of this European Standard. This European Standard is one of a series of standards for test methods for agglomerated stones which includes the following pa

16、rts: Part 1: Determination of apparent density and water absorption Part 2: Determination of flexural strength (bending) Part 4: Determination of the abrasion resistance Part 5: Determination of freeze and thaw resistance Part 6: Determination of thermal shock resistance Part 8: Determination of res

17、istance to fixing (dowel hole) Part 9: Determination of impact resistance Part 10: Determination of chemical resistance Part 11: Determination of linear thermal expansion coefficient Part 12: Determination of dimensional stability Part 13: Determination of electrical resistivity Part 15: Determinati

18、on of compressive strength Part 16: Determination of dimensions, geometric characteristics and surface quality of modular tiles According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, B

19、elgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Swi

20、tzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 14617-2:2016EN 14617-2:2016 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of flexural strength under a concentrated load (breaking resistance) of agglomerated stone flat products. 2 Normative references The following docu

21、ments, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12372, Natural stone t

22、est methods Determination of flexural strength under concentrated load 3 Principle The principle of this method is to place a specimen on two rollers and progressively load the specimen in the middle. The breaking load is measured and the flexural strength calculated. 4 Symbols For the purposes of t

23、his document, the following symbols apply. Rtfflexural strength, (MPa) F breaking load, (Newtons) l distance between the supporting rollers, in millimetres b width of the specimen adjacent to the plane of fracture, in millimetres h thickness of the specimen adjacent to the plane of fracture, in mill

24、imetres L total length of the specimen, in millimetres 5 Apparatus 5.1 Balance capable of weighing the specimen with a precision within 0,01 % of the mass of the specimen. 5.2 Ventilated oven capable of maintaining (40 5) C. 5.3 Linear measuring device with an accuracy of 0,05 mm. 5.4 Testing machin

25、e of appropriate force, in accordance with EN 12372 and calibrated according to this standard. 5.5 Device for applying loads on the specimen by a centre-point load. It consists of two lower rollers (supporting rollers) and one upper roller (load-applying roller) which shall be centred exactly in the

26、 middle between the two supporting rollers (see Figure 1). The distance between the two supporting rollers shall be reported as requested in 7. BS EN 14617-2:2016EN 14617-2:2016 (E) 5 Key 1 loading roller 2 supporting roller 3 supporting roller Figure 1 Arrangement of loading of test specimen (centr

27、e-point loading) 5.6 Room which can be maintained at (20 5) C. 6 Preparation of the specimens 6.1 Sampling The sampling is not the responsibility of the test laboratory except when specially requested. At least ten specimens shall be selected from a homogeneous batch (see also 6.2.3). 6.2 Test speci

28、mens 6.2.1 Surface finish As a standard reference, the surface finish of the faces of the specimens shall be sawn, honed or polished. In case of necessity to test specimens with other surface finishes (e.g. flamed, sandblasted etc.) as required for application, this may be done. The surface intended

29、 for use shall be in contact with the two supporting rollers (facing downwards), when the backside face is not perfectly planar. In all other cases the surface intended for use shall be in contact with the upper roller. In any case the kind of surface finish shall be stated in the report. BS EN 1461

30、7-2:2016EN 14617-2:2016 (E) 6 6.2.2 Dimensions of the specimens for type testing and for factory production control For type testing and for factory production control: the thickness h shall be the one forecast for the final product; the total length L shall be at least (200 0,3) mm; the width b sha

31、ll be at least (50 0,3) mm and in no case it shall be less than the thickness. 6.2.3 Conditioning before testing The specimens shall be conditioned at room temperature (20 5) C for (24 2) h. For agglomerated stones with cement or cement and polymer as binder the specimens shall be dried at (40 5) C

32、to a constant mass. Constant mass is reached when the difference between two weighings carried out (24 2) h apart is no greater than 0,1 % of the first of the two masses. After drying and prior to testing the specimens shall be stored at (20 5) C until the thermal equilibrium is reached. After that

33、the test shall be performed within 24 h. 7 Test procedure Wipe the surface of the rollers clean and remove any loose grits from the faces of the specimen that will be in contact with the rollers. The width and the thickness of the specimen are measured and the dimensions are expressed in millimetres

34、 to the nearest 0,1 mm. The specimen is placed centrally on the supporting rollers (see Figure 1). The loading roller is placed in the middle of the specimen. The load is increased uniformly at a rate of (0,25 0,05) MPa/s until the specimen breaks. Note the breaking load at least to the nearest 10 N

35、 and also the place where the fracture occurs. Where the loading rate (V) is needed in N/s the following formula can be used to determine the required rate in N/s: ( )sNlhbaV 322= (1) where a is the rate, in MPa/s; h is the thickness forecast for the final product; L is the total length, at least (2

36、00 0,3) mm; l is the distance between the supporting rollers, which is always (20 1) mm shorter than the total length L; b is the width, at least (50 0,3) mm and in no case it is less than the thickness. 8 Expression of the results The flexural strength Rtfof each specimen is calculated using the fo

37、rmula: 232tfFIRbh= (2) BS EN 14617-2:2016EN 14617-2:2016 (E) 7 The result shall be expressed in Megapascals to the nearest 0,1 MPa. If the fracture is situated more than 15 % of the distance between the supporting rollers from the middle of the specimen and/or flaws are present (veins, fissures, etc

38、.) the test shall be repeated. 9 Test report The test report shall contain the following information: a) unique identification number of the report; b) number, title and date of issue of this European Standard; c) name and address of the test laboratory and the address where the test was carried out

39、 if different from the test laboratory; d) commercial name of the product; e) surface finish of the specimens (if relevant to the test); f) date of delivery of the sample or of the specimens; g) date when the specimens were prepared (if relevant) and the date of testing; h) number of specimens in th

40、e sample; i) dimensions of the specimens; j) the result expressed as the mean value tfR of the flexural strength and the standard deviations, in Megapascal to the nearest 0,1 MPa; k) all deviations from the standard and their justification; l) remarks. The test report shall contain the signature(s)

41、and the role(s) of the responsible(s) for the testing and the date of issue of the report. It shall also state that the report shall not be partially reproduced without written consent of the test laboratory. BS EN 14617-2:2016EN 14617-2:2016 (E) 8 Annex A (normative) Statistical evaluation of tests

42、 results A.1 Scope This annex establishes a method for the statistical treatment of test results obtained following the agglomerated stone test method described in this standard. A.2 Symbols and definitions Measured values x1, x2, xi, xnNumber of measured values n Mean value 1iixxn=Standard deviatio

43、n 1)null(=nxxsiCoefficient of variation svx= (for individual values) Logarithmic Mean =iixnx ln1lnLogarithmic Standard deviation lnln(ln )null1ixxsn=Maximum value Max Minimum value Min Lower expected value ln lnsx ksEe=where ks(quantile factor) is given in Table A.1. Quantile factor kssee Table A.1

44、A.3 Statistical evaluation of test results From the calculation of the mean value ( )x , the standard deviation (s) and the coefficient of variation (v) a normal distribution is assumed. For the calculation of the lower expected value (E) a logarithmic normal distribution is assumed. The lower expec

45、ted value (E) corresponds to the 5 % quantile of a logarithmic normal distribution for a confidence level of 75 %. BS EN 14617-2:2016EN 14617-2:2016 (E) 9 Table A.1 Quantile factor (ks) in dependence on the number of measured values (n) in correspondence to the 5 % quantile for a confidence level of

46、 75 % n ks3 3,15 4 2,68 5 2,46 6 2,34 7 2,25 8 2,19 9 2,14 10 2,10 15 1,99 20 1,93 30 1,87 40 1,83 50 1,81 8 1,64 The following examples should help to clarify the method: EXAMPLE 1 Calculation of mean value, standard deviation, maximum value and minimum value of 6 measured values Measurement no. Me

47、asured value x 1 2 000 2 2 150 3 2 200 4 2 300 5 2 350 6 2 400 Mean value 2 233 Standard deviation 147 Maximum value 2 400 Minimum value 2 000 EXAMPLE 2 Calculation of mean value, standard deviation, coefficient of variation and lower expected value of 10 measured values BS EN 14617-2:2016EN 14617-2

48、:2016 (E) 10 Measurement no. Measured value x (ln x) 1 2 000 (7,60) 2 2 150 (7,67) 3 2 200 (7,70) 4 2 300 (7,74) 5 2 350 (7,76) 6 2 400 (7,78) 7 2 600 (7,86) 8 2 750 (7,92) 9 2 900 (7,97) 10 3 150 (8,06) Mean value 2 480 (7,807) Standard deviation 363 (0,143) Variation coefficient 0,15 From Table A.

49、1 for: n=10ks=2,1lower expected value 1819 BS EN 14617-2:2016EN 14617-2:2016 (E) 11 Bibliography 1 EN 14618, Agglomerated stone Terminology and classification This page deliberately left blankThis page deliberately left blankBSI is the national body responsible for preparing British Standards and other standards-related publications, information and services.BSI is incorporated by Royal Charter. British Standards and other standardization products are published by BSI Standards Lim