BS 7591-4-1993 Porosity and pore size distribution of materials - Method of evaluation by liquid expulsion《材料的孔隙度和孔隙尺寸分布 第4部分 脱液评估方法》.pdf
《BS 7591-4-1993 Porosity and pore size distribution of materials - Method of evaluation by liquid expulsion《材料的孔隙度和孔隙尺寸分布 第4部分 脱液评估方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《BS 7591-4-1993 Porosity and pore size distribution of materials - Method of evaluation by liquid expulsion《材料的孔隙度和孔隙尺寸分布 第4部分 脱液评估方法》.pdf(14页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS 7591 : Part 4 : 1993 I
2、ncorporating Amendment No. 1 ICS 17.040.20 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Porosity and pore size distribution of materials Part 4. Method of evaluation by liquid expulsionBS 7591 : Part 4 : 1993 Issue 2, August 1997 This British Standard, having been prepared
3、under the direction of the General Mechanical Engineering Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 September 1993 BSI 1997 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference GME/29 Draft for co
4、mment 92/76154 DC ISBN 0 580 21847 3 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Text affected 9604 August 1997 Indicated by a sideline in the margin Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the General Mechanical Engineering St
5、andards Policy Committee (GME/-) to Technical Committee GME/29, upon which the following bodies were represented: BLWA Ltd. (The Association of the Laboratory Supply Industry) British Cement Association British Coal Corporation Coated Abrasives Manufacturers Association Guild of Metal Perforators In
6、stitution of Chemical Engineers Institution of Mining and Metallurgy Mechanical Handling Engineers Association Ministry of Defence NABIM Society of Chemical Industry Society of Cosmetic Scientists Woven Wire Association The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, thro
7、ugh subcommittees and panels: AEA Technology Aluminium Federation Brunel University China Clay Association Department of Trade and Industry (National Physical Laboratory) Department of Trade and Industry (Warren Spring Laboratory) GAMBICA (BEAMA Ltd.) Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain Ro
8、yal Society of Chemistry University College London University of Bradford University of Technology, Loughborough UKAEA Co-opted members1 BS 7591 : Part 4 : 1993 Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword 2 Method Introduction 3 1 Scope 3 2 Informative references 3 3 Definitions
9、 4 4 Principle 5 5 Apparatus 5 6 Procedure 7 7 Calculation of results 7 8 T est report 9 Annex A (informative) Examples of the calculation of maximum, minimum and mean flow pore diameters 10 Figures 1 Types of pore space 4 2 Simple form of typical manually controlled apparatus 5 3 Typical sample hol
10、der 6 4 Typical plot of flow rate against applied pressure for wet and dry runs, performed on a single test sample 8 5 Example of plot of wet and dry runs from maximum to minimum pore sizes 8 6 Cumulative flow pore size distribution 9 7 Differential flow pore size distribution 9 List of references I
11、nside back cover2 BS 7591 : Part 4 : 1993 1) In preparation Foreword This Part of BS 7591 has been prepared under the direction of the General Mechanical Engineering Standards Policy Committee and is one of a series which describes recommended methods for the evaluation of porosity and pore size dis
12、tribution. This Part of BS 7591 describes the evaluation of porosity by liquid expulsion. Other Parts of BS 7591 are as follows: Part 1. Method of evaluation by mercury porosimetry Part 2. Method of evaluation by gas adsorption 1) Part 3. Method of evaluation by challenge test This British Standard
13、describes a method of evaluation only and should not be used or quoted as a specification defining limits of performance. Reference to this British Standard should indicate that the method of evaluation used is in accordance with BS 7591 : Part 4 : 1993. Compliance with a British Standard does not o
14、f itself confer immunity from legal obligations.3 BS 7591 : Part 4 : 1993 2) 1P a=1N/m 2 . Method Introduction In general, different types of pores can be pictured as either apertures, channels or cavities within a solid body or as the space (i.e. interstices or voids) between solid particles in a b
15、ed, compact or aggregate. Porosity is a term which is often used to indicate the porous nature of solid material and is more precisely defined as the ratio of the volume of accessible pores and voids to the total volume occupied by a given amount of the solid. In addition to the accessible pores, a
16、solid can contain closed pores which are isolated from the external surface and into which fluids are not able to penetrate. The characterization of closed or blind pores is not covered in this Part of this standard. Porous materials can take the form of fine or coarse powders, compacts, extrudates,
17、 sheets or monoliths. Their characterization usually involves the determination of the pore size distribution as well as the total pore volume or porosity. For some purposes it is also necessary to study the pore shape and interconnectivity and to determine the internal and external surface area. Po
18、rous materials have great technological importance, for example in the context of: controlled drug release; catalysis; gas separation; filtration including sterilization; materials technology; environmental protection and pollution control; natural reservoir rocks. It is well established that the pe
19、rformance of a porous solid (e.g. its strength, reactivity, permeability or adsorbent power) is dependent on its pore structure. Many different methods have been developed for the characterization of pore structure. In view of the complexity of most porous solids, it is not surprising to find that t
20、he results obtained are not always in agreement and that no single technique can be relied upon to provide a complete picture of the pore structure. The choice of the most appropriate method depends on the application of the material, its chemical and physical nature and the range of pore size. The
21、most commonly used methods are as follows. Mercury porosimetry , where the pores are filled with mercury under pressure. This method is suitable for many materials with pores in the approximate diameter range of 0.003mmt o 400mm, and especially in the range 0.1mmt o 100mm. Gas adsorption, where the
22、pores are characterized by adsorbing a gas, such as nitrogen, at liquid nitrogen temperature. This method is most appropriate for pores in the approximate diameter range of 0.0004mm to 0.04mm (0.4 nm to 40 nm) and is an extension of the surface area estimation technique (see BS 4359 : Part 1). Chall
23、enge test, where the effective size of the through-pores in a structure is estimated by the passage of test particles or molecules of different sizes. This method is often used for pores in the approximate diameter range of 0.005mmt o 100mm. Liquid expulsion, where the through-pores in a structure a
24、re characterized by the pressure required to empty them of a wetting fluid. This method is normally used for pores in the approximate diameter range of 0.05mmt o5 0m m. 1 Scope This Part of BS 7591 describes the evaluation of pore size characteristics (such as mean, maximum and the distribution of p
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