ASTM F2277-2017 Standard Test Methods for Evaluating Design and Performance Characteristics of Selectorized Strength Equipment《评估等重量设备设计和性能特点的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: F2277 12F2277 17 An American National StandardStandard Test Methods forEvaluating Design and Performance Characteristics ofSelectorized Strength Equipment1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2277; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year ofori

2、ginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe goal of these test methods is to provide reliable and repe

3、atable methods for the evaluation ofselectorized strength equipment. Users of these machines must recognize, however, that conformanceto a standard will not necessarily prevent injuries. Like other physical activities, exercise involvingstrength equipment involves the risk of injury, particularly if

4、 the equipment is not maintained or usedproperly.Certain physical conditions or limitations may preclude some persons from using thisequipment as intended by the manufacturer, and using this equipment may increase the risk of injury.1. Scope1.1 These test methods specify procedures and apparatus use

5、d for testing and evaluating selectorized strength equipment forcompliance to Specification F2216. Both design and operational parameters will be evaluated. Where possible and applicable,accepted test methods from other recognized bodies will be used and referenced.1.2 RequirementsSelectorized stren

6、gth equipment is to be tested in accordance with these test methods orTest Methods F2571for all of the following parameters:1.2.1 Stability,1.2.2 Edge and corner sharpness,1.2.3 Tube ends,1.2.4 Weight stack travel,1.2.5 Weight stack selector pin retention,1.2.6 Function of adjustments and locking me

7、chanisms,1.2.7 Handgrip design and retention,1.2.8 Assist mechanisms,1.2.9 Foot supports,1.2.10 Rope and belt systems:1.2.10.1 Static load,1.2.10.2 End fitting design,1.2.11 Chain drive design,1.2.12 Pulley design:1.2.12.1 Rope pulley design,1.2.12.2 Belt pulley design,1.2.13 Entrapment zones,1.2.14

8、 Pull in points,1.2.15 Weight stack enclosure design,1.2.16 Loading and deflection:1.2.16.1 Intrinsic loading and associated deflection,1.2.16.2 Extrinsic loading and associated deflection,1.2.16.3 Endurance loading, and1 ThisThese test method ismethods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F

9、08 on Sports Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and isare the directresponsibility of Subcommittee F08.30 on Fitness Products.Current edition approved March 1, 2012May 15, 2017. Published March 2012August 2017. Originally approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 20102012 asF2277

10、03 (2010).F2277 12. DOI: 10.1520/F2277-12.10.1520/F2277-17.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all chang

11、es accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. Uni

12、ted States11.2.17 Documentation and warnings verification.verification, and1.2.18 Additional universal design and construction requirements.1.3 This test method2 contains additional requirements to address the accessibility of the equipment for persons with disabilities.1.4 The values stated in SI u

13、nits are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parenthesis are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health pract

14、ices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Rec

15、ommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3F1749 Specification for Fitness Equipment and Fitness Facility Safety Signage and LabelsF2216 Specification for Selectorized Strength EquipmentF2276 Specification

16、 for Fitness EquipmentF2571 Test Methods for Evaluating Design and Performance Characteristics of Fitness EquipmentF3022 Test Method for Evaluating the Universal Design of Fitness Equipment for Inclusive Use by Persons with FunctionalLimitations and Impairments2.2 European Standards:3EN 957-1 Statio

17、nary Training EquipmentPart 1: General Safety Requirements and Test Methods3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 normal operation, nthe operation of the selectorized strength equipment as defined by the manufacturer.4. Significance and Use4.1 The purpose of these tes

18、t methods is to provide valid and repeatable test methods for the evaluation of selectorized strengthequipment assembled and maintained according to the manufacturers specifications. Use of these test methods in conjunction withSpecification F2216 is intended to maximize the reliability of selectori

19、zed strength equipment design and reduce the risk of seriousinjury resulting from design deficiencies.5. Certification5.1 These test methods permit self-certification. It is recommended that each manufacturer employ an independent laboratoryto evaluate and validate that their designs and test proced

20、ures conform and comply to these test methods and Specification F2216.6. Units of Measure6.1 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.5. Sample Preparation5.1 Assemble and adjust the selectorized strength equipment according

21、 to the manufacturers instructions. Remove upholsteredpads from the sample. On machines that are fully assembled, verify according to the manufacturers instructions that allcomponents are functioning and that they have been adjusted and aligned properly. Unless otherwise stated, the machine must pas

22、sthe tests without adjustment from this initial condition. Selectorized strength equipment shall be provided with the largest weightstack offered by the manufacturer for the model to be tested.5.2 The individual test methods will describe any variations or modifications that are required to the test

23、 sample.6. Test Methods and Procedures6.1 Stability:6.1.1 Selectorized strength equipment shall be tested with and without the simulated user load in the orientation that is mostobviously unstable. If the orientation that is most obviously unstable is not clear, it may be necessary to test several o

24、rientations.2 This work was funded, in part, by the Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center on RecTech through the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, andRehabilitation Research grant #90RE5009-01-00.3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact

25、ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.F2277 1726.1.2 Apparatus and Set-UpRefer to Fig. 1. Place sample on a non-skid surface inclined at 10 in the orientation that is leaststable

26、.The sample shall rest on the supporting surface without anchoring unless the installation instructions for the machine requirethat the sample be anchored to the floor. If this is the case, then anchor the specimen per the manufacturers recommendations.Determine how the user is placed on the machine

27、 to perform the exercise (that is, seating, standing, or prone) and then determinehow the users body weight is distributed onto the user support surfaces. For the simulated use test, a method of applying a steadystate load equal to 100 kg (220 lb) simulating the users weight and its distribution in

28、the vertical direction at the point(s) of usercontact must be provided. As an example, for a seated user, the user support surface shall be adjusted to the uppermost position(if adjustable) and the center of gravity of the 100 kg (220 lb) load shall be positioned approximately 300 mm (12 in.) above

29、theuser support surface. Possible methods of providing this load include, but are not limited to, pneumatic cylinder(s) or dead weights.6.1.3 CalibrationUsing an angle measuring instrument accurate to within 0.1, verify the non-skid surface is 10 6 0.5.Calibrate the load measurement apparatus to con

30、firm accuracy to within 620 N (4.5 lb) over entire 981 N (220 lb) range.6.1.4 ProcedureTest the sample as follows:6.1.4.1 With the sample machine (no user load applied) positioned on the tilt surface, verify that the sample does not tip overwith the resistance means in the rest position.6.1.4.2 Usin

31、g the aforementioned load apparatus, distribute a vertical load equal to 100 kg (220 lb) 6 5 % in a non-impactmanner to the specimen where the user contacts the machine during normal operation. (If only a portion of the users body issupported by the machine during operation, the 100 kg (220 lb) simu

32、lated user weight shall be reduced by the appropriate amount.)Raise and support the lifting arms and weight stack to simulate the furthest point in the range of travel as encountered duringnormal operation of the machine by a user of 1.8 m (74 in.) stature. Verify that the sample does not tip over.6

33、.1.4.3 Repeat 8.1.4.16.1.4.1 and 8.1.4.26.1.4.2 with the sample oriented in any other directions of potential instability.6.1.5 Pass/Fail CriteriaIn none of the above test conditions shall the sample tip over.6.1.6 Precision and BiasNo information is presented about either the precision or bias of t

34、est 8.16.1 for measuring stabilitysince the test result is non-quantitative.6.2 Weight Stack Travel:6.2.1 This test is a visual inspection of the sample to ensure that the weight stack travels freely along its guide means and returnsto its initial position after the displacing force has been removed

35、.6.2.2 Apparatus and Set UpThe sample shall be set up as described in 7.15.1.FIG. 1 Tilt TestF2277 1736.2.3 CalibrationNo calibration required. Visual inspection only.6.2.4 ProcedureMove the lifting arm through its range of travel and verify that the weight stack moves along a guide meansin a contro

36、lled manner and returns to its initial position as the lifting arm is returned to its initial rest position.6.2.5 Pass/Fail CriteriaThe weight stack must begin and end the test in the same rest position and must not move unless itis displaced intentionally by a lifting force applied to the lifting a

37、rm.6.2.6 Precision and BiasNo information is presented about either the precision or bias of test in 8.26.2 for evaluating weightstack travel since the test result is non-quantitative.6.3 Weight Stack Selector Pin Retention:6.3.1 This test is a visual and physical inspection of the weight stack sele

38、ctor pin to ensure that the design features a retentiondevice and that it functions properly.6.3.2 Apparatus and Set UpThe sample shall be set up as described in 7.15.1. Obtain instructions or a descriptive explanationof the function of the weight stack selector pin from the manufacturer.6.3.3 Calib

39、rationNo calibration required. Visual and function inspection only.6.3.4 ProcedureInspect the weight stack selector pin and ensure that it features a retention device that will not allow the pinto be removed from the weight stack unless it is intentionally removed. Examples of retention devices incl

40、ude, but are not limitedto, spring activated detent balls or a physical deformation of the pin and comparable retention zone on the weight plate. Theoperation of the retention system shall be self-evident. Insert the weight stack selector pin into a weight on the weight stack andverify that the rete

41、ntion mechanism functions properly.6.3.5 Pass/Fail CriteriaWeight stack selector pins that do not have a retention means shall fail this test. Retention mechanismsthat do not function according to the instructions provided by the manufacturer shall fail this test.6.3.6 Precision and BiasNo informati

42、on is presented about either the precision or bias of test in 8.36.3 for evaluating weightstack selector pin design and function since the test result is non-quantitative.6.4 Entrance/Exit from Machine:6.4.1 This test is a visual and physical inspection of the machine to determine whether or not an

43、assist means is required andthen ensure that the design functions properly.6.4.2 Apparatus and Set UpThe sample shall be set up as described in 7.15.1. Reinstall the upholstered pads for this test.Obtain instructions or a descriptive explanation of the function of the assist mechanism(s) used on the

44、 sample from themanufacturer.6.4.3 CalibrationNo calibration required. Visual and function inspection only.6.4.4 ProcedureAdjust the machine for the evaluators size according to the manufacturers instructions. The evaluator shallenter the machine and attempt to get into the exercise start position a

45、s described in the operation instructions provided by themanufacturer. The evaluator shall be able to get into and back out of the starting position with relative ease. If the lifting or usermeans cannot be reached by the evaluator or if the evaluator cannot get into the starting position easily, th

46、en further adjustmentof the machine may be required. If this is not the case (the machine is properly adjusted per the operation instructions for the givenbody size of the evaluator), then an assist means that moves the lifting or user means into the direction of lifting stroke must beprovided.6.4.4

47、.1 If an assist means is provided, then operate the mechanism and ensure that it performs as described in the operationinstructions. Upon actuation of the assist means, the lifting or user means shall move into the direction of machine motion allowingthe user to get into the loaded exercise start po

48、sition. Upon completion of the exercise and return of the lifting or user means tothe rest position, actuation of the assist means shall stop the lifting or user means prior to reaching the unloaded rest position,thereby allowing the user to exit from the loaded use position.6.4.5 Pass/Fail Criteria

49、Machines that do not allow the user to enter or exit the machine easily shall fail the test. Assistmechanisms that do not function according to the instructions provided by the manufacturer shall fail test.Assist mechanisms thatdo not stop the lifting or user means far enough into the lifting stroke to allow the user to control and/or stop the final return travelof the lifting or user means shall fail the test.6.4.6 Precision and BiasNo information is presented about either the precision or bias of test in 8.46.4 for evaluating assistmechanis