ASTM F2236-2008a Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Soft Infant Carriers.pdf

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1、Designation: F 2236 08aStandard Consumer Safety Specification forSoft Infant Carriers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2236; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number i

2、n parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis consumer safety specification is intended to address incidents reported by the U.S. ConsumerProduct Safety Commission (CPSC) relating to s

3、oft infant carriers.In response to the incident data compiled by the CPSC, this consumer safety specification attemptsto minimize the hazards associated with these products from the following: (1) occupant retention, (2)structural integrity, (3) deficiency of consumer education regarding product use

4、. This consumer safetyspecification is intended to deal with reasonably foreseeable use and misuse of the products. Thisconsumer safety specification does not apply to products that are blatantly misused, nor does it applyto products used by consumers in a careless manner that violate normal practic

5、e or disregard theinstructions or warnings provided with the product, or both.1. Scope1.1 This consumer safety specification establishes perfor-mance requirements, test methods and marking requirements topromote safe use of soft infant carriers.1.2 This consumer safety specification is intended to m

6、ini-mize the risk of incidents to an infant from the normal use andreasonably foreseeable misuse of these products.1.3 For purposes of definition, a soft infant carrier is aproduct, normally of sewn fabric construction, which is de-signed to contain a full term infant, generally in an uprightpositio

7、n, in close proximity to the caregiver. In general, thechild will weigh between 7 and 25 lb (3.2 and 11.3 kg). Thesoft infant carrier is normally “worn” by the caregiver with thecarrier, and thus the infant, suspended from one or bothshoulders of the caregiver. These products are generally wornon th

8、e front of the caregivers body with the infant either facingtowards or away from the caregiver. This consumer safetyspecification does not include products generally referred to as“slings.”1.4 No soft infant carrier produced after the approval date ofthis consumer safety specification shall, either

9、by label or othermeans, indicate compliance with the specification unless itcomplies with all of the requirements contained herein.1.5 This consumer safety specification is not intended toaddress incidents and injuries resulting from the interaction ofother persons or objects with the caregiver and

10、infant while thesoft carrier is in use.1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.7 The following precautionary caveat pertain

11、s only to thetest method portion, Section 7 of this consumer safety speci-fication. This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and det

12、ermine the applica-bility of regulatory requirements prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape TestF 963 Consumer Safety Specification for Toy SafetyF 977 Consumer Safety Specification for Infant Walkers2.2 Federal Regulations:316 CFR

13、1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint and CertainConsumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint16 CFR 1500 Hazardous Substance Act Regulations16 CFR 1500.3 (c) (6) (i) Definition of “Flammable Solid”16 CFR 1500.44 Method for Determining Extremely Flam-mable and Flammable Solids16 CFR 1500.48 Technical

14、Requirements for Determining aSharp Point in Toys or Other Articles Intended for Use By1This consumer safety specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Commit-tee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF15.21 on Infant Carriers, Bouncers and Baby Swings.Current

15、 edition approved Nov. 1, 2008. Published December 2008. Originallyapproved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F 2236 08.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume i

16、nformation, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Code of Federal Regulations, available from U.S. Government Printing Office,Washington, DC 20402.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Children Un

17、der Eight Years of Age16 CFR 1500.49 Technical Requirements for Determining aSharp Metal or Glass Edge in Toys or Other ArticlesIntended for Use By Children Under Eight Years of Age16 CFR 1500.50-.51 Test Methods for Simulating Use andAbuse of Toys and Other Articles for Use by Children16 CFR 1501 M

18、ethod for Identifying Toys and OtherArticles Intended for Use by Children Under Three Yearsof Age Which Present Choking, Aspiration or IngestionHazards Because of Small Parts3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 conspicuouslabel which is visible when the productis in the manufacturers use position to

19、a caregiver who isplacing the occupant in the soft carrier or when the caregiverplaces the product on his or her body.3.1.2 cordlength of slender, flexible material includingmonofilaments, rope, woven and twisted cord, plastic or textiletapes, ribbons and those fibrous materials commonly calledstrin

20、g.3.1.3 dynamic loadapplication of impulsive force throughfree fall of a weight.3.1.4 fabricany woven, knit, coated, laminated, extrudedor calendared flexible material that is intended to be sewn,welded, heat sealed, or glued together as an assembly.3.1.5 leg openingopening in the soft carrier throu

21、ghwhich the occupants legs extend when the product is used inthe manufacturers recommended use position.3.1.6 manufacturers recommended use position(s)anyposition that is presented as a normal, allowable, or acceptableconfiguration for use of the product by the manufacturer in anydescriptive or inst

22、ructional literature. This specifically ex-cludes positions that the manufacturer shows in a like mannerin its literature to be unacceptable, unsafe or not recommended.3.1.7 non-paper labelany label material (such as plasticor metal) that either will not tear without the aid of tools ortears, leavin

23、g a sharply defined edge.3.1.8 occupantthat individual who is placed or carried inthe soft carrier product in one of the manufacturers recom-mended use positions.3.1.9 paper labelany label material which tears withoutthe aid of tools and leaves a fibrous edge.3.1.10 seammeans of joining fabric compo

24、nents, such assewing, welding, heat sealing, or gluing.3.1.11 static loadvertically downward force applied by acalibrated force gage or by dead weights.3.1.12 unbounded leg openingleg opening created byplacing the soft carrier on a caregivers torso and which has anopening circumference composed sole

25、ly of carrier materialsand the caregivers torso.4. Calibration and Standardization4.1 The product shall be completely assembled in accor-dance with the manufacturers instructions.4.2 No testing shall be conducted within 48 h of manufac-ture.4.3 The product to be tested shall be at an ambient tempera

26、-ture of 73 6 9F (23 6 5C) for at least one hour beforetesting.All testing shall be conducted in this temperature range.4.4 All testing required by this consumer safety specifica-tion shall be conducted on the same unit in the order presentedin this specification.5. General Requirements5.1 Hazardous

27、 Sharp Points or EdgesThere shall be nosharp points or edges as defined by 16 CFR 1500.48 and 16CFR 1500.49 before and after testing.5.2 Small PartsThere shall be no small parts as defined by16 CFR 1501 before testing or liberated as a result of testing tothis specification.5.3 Lead in PaintThe pain

28、t or surface coating on theproduct shall comply with 16 CFR 1303.5.4 Wood PartsPrior to testing, any wooden parts shall besmooth and free of splinters.5.5 Locking and LatchingAny product designed with alocking and latching device must remain in the manufacturersrecommended use position before and af

29、ter completion of alltests in this standard.5.6 LabelingWarning labels (whether paper or non paper)shall be permanent when tested per 7.4-7.6.5.6.1 Warning statements applied directly onto the surfaceof the product by hot stamping, heat transfer, printing, woodburning, and so forth shall be permanen

30、t when tested inaccordance with 7.5.5.6.2 Non-paper labels shall not liberate small parts whentested in accordance with 7.6.5.7 There shall be no flammable solids as defined in 16 CFR1500.3 (c) (6) (i) before or after testing in accordance with thisspecification.5.8 ToysToy accessories attached to,

31、removable from, orsold with a soft infant carrier, as well as their means ofattachment, must meet applicable requirements of ConsumerSafety Specification F 963.6. Performance Requirements6.1 Leg OpeningsLeg openings shall not permit the pas-sage of the Leg Opening Test Sphere when tested in accor-da

32、nce with 7.1.6.2 Dynamic LoadThe carrier shall not create a hazardouscondition such as, fasteners breaking or disengaging, or seamsseparating when tested in accordance with 7.2. Adjustableelements in support/shoulder straps shall not slip more than 1in. (25 mm) per strap as a result of the dynamic t

33、esting inaccordance with 7.2.6.3 Static LoadThe carrier shall not create a hazardouscondition such as: not supporting the test weight, fastenersbreaking or disengaging, or seams separating when tested inaccordance with 7.3. Adjustable elements in support/shoulderstraps shall not slip per strap as pe

34、r 6.2.6.4 Unbounded Leg OpeningLeg opening shall not allowcomplete passage of the truncated test cone (see Fig. 1) whentested according to 7.7.7. Test Methods7.1 Leg Openings:F 2236 08a27.1.1 Fasten the soft carrier to a rigid fixture in a mannersuch that the leg opening of the carrier is horizontal

35、. Theopening shall be as close to the center of the fixture as possible.If the leg opening is adjustable in size to allow for growth, itshall be tested with the leg opening adjusted to its smallest sizeas described in the manufacturers literature or instructions.7.1.2 Place the leg opening test sphe

36、re (see Fig. 2) inside thecarrier and gradually allow the sphere to rest in the leg openingover a period of 5 s. Allow the sphere to rest in the opening foran additional 1 min.7.1.3 Repeat the test for the other leg opening.7.2 Dynamic Load Test:7.2.1 Fasten the soft carrier to a test torso4(see Fig

37、. 3)asdirected in the instruction manual supplied with the product.7.2.2 Position a weight of 25 lb (11.3 kg) usinga6to8in.diameter shot bag a distance of 1 in. (25 mm) above the seat ofthe soft carrier. Drop the weight onto the seat ten times with acycle time of 4 6 1s/cycle to preset the adjustmen

38、t straps. Bysome appropriate means, mark the position of the adjustmenthardware. This will be the start point of the remainder of thetest. Drop the weight onto the seat an additional 990 times witha cycle time of 4 6 1s/cycle. If the product moves on the testfixture, adjust the fixture or product to

39、 maintain the 1 in. (25mm) drop height.7.3 Static Load Test:7.3.1 Fasten the soft carrier to a test torso (see Fig. 3)asdirected in the instruction manual supplied with the product.7.3.2 Using a 6-in. (150-mm) standard weld cap (see Fig. 4),center a 75 lb. (34.0 kg) weight in the seat area of the so

40、ftcarrier. Include the weight of the weld cap in the 75 lb (34.0 kg)weight. Gradually apply the weight withina5speriod andmaintain for an additional 1 min.7.4 Permanency of Labels and Warnings:7.4.1 A paper label (excluding labels attached by a seam)shall be considered permanent if during an attempt

41、 to removeit without the aid of tools or solvents, it cannot be removed, ittears into pieces upon removal or such action damages thesurface to which it is attached.7.4.2 A non-paper label (excluding labels attached by aseam) shall be considered permanent if, during an attempt toremove it without the

42、 aid of tools or solvents, it cannot beremoved or such action damages the surface to which it isattached.7.4.3 A warning label attached by a seam shall be consid-ered permanent if it does not detach when subjected to a 15-lbf(67-N) pull force applied in any direction most likely to causefailure usin

43、g a34-in. (19-mm) diameter clamp surface. Gradu-ally apply the force over 5 s and maintain for an additional 10s.7.5 Adhesion Test for Warnings Applied Directly Onto theSurface of the Product:7.5.1 Apply the tape test defined in Test Method BCross-Cut Tape Test of Test Methods D 3359, eliminating pa

44、rallelcuts.7.5.2 Perform this test once in each different location wherewarnings are applied.7.5.3 The warning statements will be considered permanentif the printing in the area tested is still legible and attached afterbeing subjected to this test.7.6 A non-paper label shall not be removed or shall

45、 not fitentirely within the small parts cylinder defined in 16 CFR 1501if it can be removed. The attempt to remove it shall be withoutthe aid of tools or solvents.7.7 Unbounded Leg Opening:7.7.1 Fasten the soft carrier onto the test torso (see Fig. 3)according to manufacturers recommended assembly i

46、nstruc-tions. If the leg opening can be adjusted for size to allow forgrowth, it shall be tested with the leg opening adjusted to itssmallest size as described in the manufacturers literature orinstructions.7.7.2 Place a bag filled with non-toxic shot having a totalweight of 17 lb (7.7 kg), a 4.0-in

47、. (10.2-cm) diameter, andwhich is 8.0 in. (20.3 cm) long uniformly in a horizontalposition in the seating area of the carrier.7.7.3 Place the truncated test cone into the seating area ofthe carrier with the narrow end of the cone placed into the legopening.Applya5lb(2.3 kg) load to the centerline of

48、 the conegradually over 5 s and then maintain the 5 lb (2.3 kg) load for4The sole source of supply of the test torso (called “Body Opponent Bag”)known to the committee at this time is Century Sporting Goods. It is available fromvarious distributors on websites such as and . If you are aware of alte

49、rnativesuppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsibletechnical committee,1which you may attend.FIG. 1 Truncated Test ConeF 2236 08a3an additional minute. The load should be applied in a horizon-tal direction away from the carrier and in a front-to-backdirection most likely to allow passage of the test probe.8. Marking and Labeling8.1 Each product and its retail pack