ASTM F541-2012 Standard Specification for Alloy Steel Eyebolts 《合金钢有眼螺栓的标准规格》.pdf

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1、Designation:F541041Designation: F541 12Standard Specification forAlloy Steel Eyebolts1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F541; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in pa

2、rentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1NOTESections 2.2 and 3.1.9 were editorially revised in October 2006.1. Scope*1.

3、1 This specification covers forged, quenched and tempered, alloy steel threaded eyebolts with improved toughness propertiesand intended primarily for low temperature applications. The eyebolts are chemically and metallurgically constituted to producea low transition temperature to minimize brittle f

4、ailure. Maximum thread size is 2.500 in. (63.50 mm).1.2 The eyebolts are furnished in two types, as follows:1.2.1 Type 1Straight Shank Eyebolt.1.2.2 Type 2Shoulder Eyebolt.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only

5、.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel ProductsA574 Specification for Alloy Steel Socket-Head Cap ScrewsA751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products D3951Practice for CommercialPackagingE1

6、0 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic MaterialsE18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic MaterialsE112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE340 Test Method for Macroetching Metals and AlloysE709 Guide for Magnetic Particle TestingF606 Test Methods for Determining the Mec

7、hanical Properties of Externally and InternallyThreaded Fasteners,Washers, DirectTension Indicators, and RivetsF1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechanical Properties and Performance Inspection2.2 ASME Standards:3B1.1 Unified Screw ThreadsB18.15 Forged EyeboltsB18.24 Part Identifyin

8、g Number (PIN) Code System Standard for B18 Fastener Products3. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for eyebolts under this specification shall include the following information to adequately describe the part:3.1.1 ASTM specification number and date of issue,3.1.2 Name of part (alloy steel eyebolts),3.1

9、.3 Regular or shoulder pattern (8.1),3.1.4 Size (nominal diameter and threads),1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts, Nuts, Rivetsand Washers.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2004. Publi

10、shed August 2004. Originally approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as F54100. DOI:10.1520/F0541-04E01.Current edition approved April 1, 2012. Published April 2012. Originally approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as F541 041. DOI:10.1520/F0541-12.2For referenced

11、ASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME Interna

12、tional Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.1This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to ade

13、quately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright AST

14、M International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.5 Number of pieces,3.1.6 Certification or test reports (if required) (13.114.1),3.1.7 Additional requirements (if required), and3.1.8 Supplementary requirements (if required).3.1.9For3.1.9 For es

15、tablishment of a part identifying system, see ASME B18.24.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 Melting ProcessThe steel shall be made to a fine-grain practice using a melting process yielding a product conformingto the requirements of this specification.4.2 ForgingEyebolts shall be forged without welds.4

16、.3 Heat TreatmentThe eyebolts shall be quenched and tempered in accordance with proper practice to yield a productconforming to the requirements of this specification.4.4 MachiningThe eyebolt shall be machined prior to or after heat treatment at the manufacturers option.5. Chemical Composition5.1 Li

17、mitsThe eyebolts shall be manufactured from steels having a heat analysis conforming to the requirements in Table 1.5.2 Product Analysis:5.2.1 The purchaser reserves the right to conduct product analyses on the finished eyebolts or request the manufacturer toconduct product analyses tests. The compo

18、sition thus determined shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 1 subjectto the product analysis tolerances.5.2.2 Chemical analyses shall be performed in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A751.6. Metallurgical Requirements6.1 Grain Size:6.1.1 RequirementsThe finish

19、ed eyebolts shall have an apparent heat-treated grain size of Test Methods E112 No. 5 or finer.6.1.2 SpecimenGrain size shall be rated on specimens taken from the eyebolt after final heat treatment.6.1.3 Test MethodGrain size on the finished eyebolt shall be determined in accordance with Test Method

20、s E112.6.2 Macroetch Test:6.2.1 RequirementWhen ground and etched, the cross section of the eyebolt shall be free of injurious surface seams, internalcracks, pipe, segregation, and other imperfections detrimental to the intended application.6.2.2 SpecimenMacroetch test specimens shall consist of the

21、 full transverse cross section of a finished eyebolt shank.6.2.3 Test MethodMacroetch tests shall be performed in accordance with Test Method E340.6.3 Decarburization:6.3.1 RequirementThe depth of decarburization (total + partial), as measured on the eyebolts after heat treatment, shall notexceed th

22、e requirements in Table 2.6.3.2 SpecimenThe test specimens shall consist of the unmachined surface of the heat-treated eyebolts in an area wherethreads would normally be machined.6.3.3 Test MethodThe depth of decarburization shall be determined by metallographic etching. The edge of the specimen sha

23、llbe suitably prepared to preserve the original surface and the sample shall then be polished for metallographic examination. Thesection shall be etched in 4 % nital and the samples examined under a microscope at 1003 using an eyepiece graduated in 0.001-in.(0.025-mm) increments. The measured depth

24、of any light etched band shall be taken as the decarburization depth.6.3.4 When the metallographic etch method of 6.3.3 for decarburization renders results that are inconclusive, then themicrohardness traverse method of Specification A574 shall be employed. The depth of decarburization shall be deno

25、ted by thatradial depth where the hardness decrease is more than the equivalent of 3 points HRA, when compared to the averagemicrohardness of undecarburized locations beyond this site. The average microhardness of undecarburized locations of the eyeboltshall be determined for depths not exceeding 25

26、 % of its shank diameter.TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements, %Heat Analysis PermissibleVariation onProductAnalysis, Overor UnderCarbon, max 0.33 0.02 overManganese 0.30 to 1.10 0.04Phosphorus, max 0.025 0.005 overSulfur, max 0.025 0.005 overSilicon 0.15 to 0.35 0.02Chromium, maxA0.90 0.05 overMolybdenumA

27、0.10 to 0.60 0.02NickelA0.40 to 3.75 0.03AThe composition shall contain at least two of the elements shown.F541 1227. Mechanical Properties7.1 Hardness:7.1.1 RequirementsThe eyebolts shall have a Brinell Hardness of 197 to 248 (equivalent Rockwell B93 to 101). Hardnesstests are subject to confirmati

28、on by tensile tests.7.1.1.1 In case of controversy, acceptance based on tensile requirements shall take precedence over low readings of hardnesstests.7.1.2 SpecimensFor routine inspection, hardness tests shall be made on a properly prepared surface of the finished eyebolt.For referee purposes tests

29、shall be made on a transverse section through the threads one diameter from the end.7.1.3 Test MethodHardness tests shall be made in accordance with Test Methods E10 or E18, as applicable.7.2 Tensile Strength:7.2.1 RequirementTest specimens machined from finished eyebolts shall conform to the tensil

30、e properties specified in Table3.7.2.2 SpecimensEyebolts for tensile tests shall be selected from the eyebolts subjected to the hardness test to represent thehigh and low end of the hardness test results. The specimens shall be machined from the finished eyebolts whenever possible.When the eyebolts

31、are too small to remove machined specimens, they shall be taken from test coupons from the same heat of steel,subjected to the same reduction, and heat treated with the eyebolts represented.7.2.3 Test MethodsTension tests shall be made in accordance with Test Methods F606.7.3 Breaking Strength:7.3.1

32、 RequirementsThe eyebolt shall conform to the breaking strength specified in Table 4.7.3.2 SpecimensEyebolts for breaking strength tests shall be selected from the eyebolts subjected to the hardness test torepresent the high and low end of the hardness test results. The eyebolts shall be tested full

33、 size.7.3.3 Test MethodsThe breaking strength shall be determined by exerting an in-line pull upon the eyebolt which has had itsthreaded shank screwed into a block and secured in one jaw of the testing machine. The eye shall be loaded by a round sectionno greater than 50 % of eye diameter and secure

34、d in the other jaw of the testing machine.7.4 Proof of Load:7.4.1 RequirementsThe eyebolts, when tested in accordance with Section 10, shall withstand the proof load specified in Table4.7.4.2 SpecimensEyebolts for proof load tests shall be selected in accordance with 7.3.2 and may be the same specim

35、ens usedfor the breaking strength tests.7.4.3 Test MethodsThe proof load shall be defined as the load that can be applied without causing permanent deformationexceeding 1.5 % when measured between punch marks located across the diameter of the eye and 90 to the direction of the pull.The fixture for

36、testing shall be as specified in 7.3.3.7.5 Impact:7.5.1 Requirements:7.5.1.1 Eyebolts sufficiently large to remove full-size impact specimens shall have a Charpy V-notch impact strength of 35 ftlbf(47.5 J) average minimum when tested at 40C (40F). The impact value shall be taken as the average of th

37、ree specimens testedwith not more than one value below 35 ftlbf but in no case below 23 ftlbf (31.0 J).7.5.1.2 Subsize Charpy V-notch specimens shall be obtained from eyebolts with section sizes not suitable for full size standardspecimens. Impact strength shall be reported for information only. How

38、ever, the fracture surface shall show a fine-grain fibrousstructure characteristic of a shear fracture.TABLE 2 Decarburization LimitsNominal Size, In. Depth of Decarburization, Total + Partial, maxin. mm0.250 to 0.375 0.030 0.7620.4375 to 0.625 0.040 1.020.750 to 1.000 0.050 1.271.125 to 1.500 0.060

39、 1.521.750 to 2.500 0.070 1.78TABLE 3 Tensile RequirementsTensile strength, min, psi (MPa) 95 000 (660)Yield strength, min (0.2 % offset),psi (MPa)70 000 to 100 000(485 to 690)Elongation in 2 in. (50 mm), min, % 22Reduction of area, min, % 55Brinell hardnessA197 to 248Rockwell B hardnessA93 to 101AH

40、ardness tests are subject to confirmation by tension tests.F541 1237.5.2 Test SpecimensEyebolts for impact tests shall be selected from the eyebolts subjected to the hardness test to representthe high and low end of the hardness test results. Test specimens shall conform to the standard 10 by 10-mm

41、Charpy V-notch TypeA specimen shown in Test Methods and Definitions A370. Eyebolts too small for standard impact test specimens shall be testedusing the largest possible subsize square specimen with the standard 45 V-notch adjusted in depth to be proportional to thestandard specimen.7.5.3 Test Metho

42、dImpact tests shall be made in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A370 at 40C (40F).7.6 Bend:7.6.1 RequirementsType 1 straight-shank eyebolts 1 in. diameter and smaller, when tested in accordance with Section 10,shall withstand bending through 45 at room temperature without visible rupture

43、s in the threaded or unthreaded portions whenexamined at 103 magnification.7.6.2 SpecimensEyebolts for bend tests shall be selected from the eyebolts subjected to the hardness test to represent the highand low end of the hardness test results. The eyebolts shall be tested full size.7.6.3 Test Method

44、The eyebolts shall be screwed into a steel block a minimum of one diameter to ensure bending primarilyin the threaded section. Bending shall be accomplished by pressure or blows.8. Dimensions and Permissible Variations8.1 DimensionsThe dimensions of the eyebolts shall conform to the requirements spe

45、cified in the latest issue of B18.15, Type1 Regular Pattern, or Type 2 Shoulder Pattern, as specified by the purchaser.8.2 ThreadsThe eyebolts shall be threaded. Threads shall conform to the Unified Coarse Thread Series as specified in B1.1,and shall have Class 2A tolerances.9. Workmanship, Finish,

46、and Appearance9.1 The eyebolts shall be descaled.9.2 The eyebolts shall be of uniform quality consistent with good manufacturing and inspection practices. They shall be freeof fins, cracks, seams, laps, nicks, pipe, segregation, rough surfaces, and other injurious internal or surface imperfections w

47、hich,due to their nature, degree, or extent, would make the eyebolts unsuitable for the intended use.9.3 Threads shall be undamaged upon the receipt of eyebolts by the purchaser.10. Number of Tests10.1 General Requirements:10.1.1 The manufacturer shall make sample inspections of every lot of eyebolt

48、s to ensure that the properties of the eyebolts arein conformance with the requirements of this specification. All eyebolts shall be inspection tested prior to shipment in accordancewith one of the two procedures described in 10.2 and 10.3. Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, the manufactur

49、er shallhave the option of which procedure will be followed when furnishing eyebolts to any single purchase order.10.1.2 The purpose of a lot inspection testing program is to ensure that each lot conforms to the requirements of the specificationand that delivered eyebolts are free of known defects. For such a plan to be fully effective, it is essential that following deliverythe purchaser continue to maintain the identification and integrity of each lot until the product is released for use.TABLE 4 Breaking Strength and Proo