ASTM E725-1996(2012) 2500 Standard Test Method for Sampling Granular Carriers and Granular Pesticides《粒状载体与粒状农药抽样的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: E725 96 (Reapproved 2012)Standard Test Method forSampling Granular Carriers and Granular Pesticides1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E725; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of

2、last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method presents general procedures for sam-pling and sampling practice for granular carriers and granularpes

3、ticides.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if a

4、ny, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazardstatements see Section 5.2. Summary of Test Method2.1 To produce a sampl

5、e that truly represents the nature andcondition of the material from which it was obtained, a grosssample is reduced by standard laboratory procedures (cone andquartering, riffling, etc.) to a suitable laboratory sample. Thebasic sampling unit for granules is at least 500 the weight ofthe largest pa

6、rticles and is obtained in a manner to give highprobability that it contains a representative portion of thematerial. As a safeguard against unforeseen sectionalvariations, a number of unit samples may be obtained andcombined to form a gross sample.3. Significance and Use3.1 This procedure was desig

7、ned principally for clay,corncob, nut shell, or sand granular carriers and granularpesticide products but need not be limited to these materials.There may be more appropriate sampling methods for othertypes of granular carriers and products.4. Apparatus4.1 Sample Container, fabricated from glass, pl

8、astic, ormetal as required.4.2 Sample Splitter, single-stage riffle type.4.3 Grain Thief or Sampling Tube (Fig. 1), constructed fromaluminum, chrome steel, poly(vinyl chloride) or other suitablematerial, 30 in. (762 mm) long and 1.5 to 1.75 in. (38 to 44mm) in diameter.5. Hazards5.1 Safety Precautio

9、nsBefore sampling granular pesti-cides read the precautionary statements on the product labeland the material safety data sheet (MSDS). Take properprecautions to prevent skin contact and inhalation of the finesand vapors. Whenever possible, work under a hood. Take careto prevent contamination of the

10、 surrounding area.Always wearthe appropriate safety equipment and, where indicated, wearrespiratory devices approved by NIOSH for the product beingsampled.5.2 Sample Precautions for Sensitive MaterialsSomeproducts (hygroscopic, volatile, or oxidizable, etc.) may re-quire special sampling precautions

11、. Sample exposure should beminimized.5.3 Sample ContainersThese items, as well as the sam-pling apparatus, must be clean and free of any material thatmight contaminate the sample.An appropriate container shouldbe selected for the product and handling it will receive. Forexample, containers for hygro

12、scopic, readily oxidizable,volatile, or moisture-sensitive material, as well as for thosematerials to be tested for moisture content, must be capable ofbeing sealed airtight.5.4 Care and Labeling of SampleCare should be taken toensure that the sample is properly labeled and reaches thelaboratory pro

13、mptly and in its original state.6. Procedures6.1 Sampling PackagesWhen sampling material that iscontained in a number of packages, Table 1 is a guide to theminimum number of packages (selected at random) to besampled.6.2 Sampling During ProductionCollect production con-trol samples as the product le

14、aves the blender, or as it ispackaged, taking12-lb (225-g) portions at sufficient, regularlyspaced intervals to obtain a total sample size representing aminimum of 0.1 % w/w of the product. Combine the samples1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 onPesticides, Antimicrobi

15、als, and Alternative Control Agents and is the directresponsibility of Subcommittee E35.22 on Pesticide Formulations and DeliverySystems.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2012. Published October 2012. Originallyapproved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as E725 96 (2006).DOI: 10.1520/E0

16、725-96R12.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1to form a uniform gross sample. Avoid attrition if a sieveanalysis is to be performed.6.3 Grab SamplingThis procedure may be used for sam-pling from freight bunkers, hoppers, b

17、ins, cars, conveyors,drums, and bags. Use a shovel or scoop and a suitablecontainer. Granules are generally heterogeneous and can bemore representatively sampled during unloading of the mate-rial. Combine portions obtained at frequent and regular inter-vals to form a uniform gross sample.6.3.1 Grab

18、sampling should not be used for materials thatmay have undergone segregation unless complete sweeps ofbelts or discharge streams are taken at appropriate times.6.4 Grain Probe SamplingA grain probe (thief or trier)may be used for sampling bulk material. Bulk material is bestsampled by the procedure

19、described by Scott: “On a linethrough the center of the holder lengthwise, take portions withthe probe every five feet. Repeat the operation on each of twolines parallel with and half way between the line and each sideof the holder. Combine all portions for one gross sample.”2Packages (drums, bags,

20、etc.) may be sampled in accordancewith Table 1 to obtain a gross sample. Insert the probe in thematerial vertically to penetrate the mass. Discharge the sampleinto a container. To improve sample representation, replicatesamples can be taken from alternative locations in the package.6.4.1 The use of

21、a probe can cause attrition; therefore, theprobe sampling procedure is not recommended when samplingfor particle size determination.6.5 Sampling Segregated MaterialsWhere material mayhave undergone segregation, the following procedures arerecommended.6.5.1 Sample bulk materials during unloading.6.5.

22、2 Turn drummed materials end over end and roll prior toprobing.6.5.3 The following procedure can be used for material inbags: Orient the bag in the sample position (horizontally orvertically) in which it was received. Refer to Fig. 2,ahorizontally oriented bag. Open the end of the bag and insertthe

23、probe through Zones A, B, and C.7. Test Method to Reduce Gross Sample7.1 Reduce the gross sample to a representative, suitablesize for laboratory purposes using a method that provides afinal sample that retains the character representation of theoriginal material. Methods such as quartering or riffl

24、ing areacceptable.8. Precision and Bias8.1 This procedure yields comparative data. The pass/failaspect of the procedure should be determined by applicablespecifications.9. Disposal of Sample9.1 After testing, store all materials in a safe manner anddispose of used material in accordance with product

25、 labeldirections or the material safety data sheets.10. Keywords10.1 grain thief; granular carriers; pesticides; sample split-ter; sampling2Scott, W. W., Standard Methods of Chemical Analysis , D. Van Nostrand Co.,Inc., New York, NY, 1935, p. 1305.FIG. 1 Sampling TubeFIG. 2 Bag Sampling SchemeE725 9

26、6 (2012)2ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such ri

27、ghts, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additiona

28、l standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the AST

29、M Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the abov

30、eaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).TABLE 1 Minimum Number of Packages to Be SampledNumber ofPa

31、ckagesMinimumNumberSampledNumber ofPackagesMinimumNumberSampledNumber ofPackagesMinimumNumberSampled1 to 3 all 513 to 729 9 2745 to 3375 154 to 64 4 730 to 1000 10 3376 to 4096 1665 to 125 5 1001 to 1331 11 4097 to 4913 17126 to 216 6 1332 to 1728 12 4914 to 5832 18217 to 343 7 1729 to 2197 13 5833 to 6859 19344 to 512 8 2198 to 2744 14 6860 or over 20E725 96 (2012)3