ASTM E436-2003 Standard Test Method for Drop-Weight Tear Tests of Ferritic Steels《铁素体钢的落球锤式撕裂试验的标准试验方法》.pdf
《ASTM E436-2003 Standard Test Method for Drop-Weight Tear Tests of Ferritic Steels《铁素体钢的落球锤式撕裂试验的标准试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM E436-2003 Standard Test Method for Drop-Weight Tear Tests of Ferritic Steels《铁素体钢的落球锤式撕裂试验的标准试验方法》.pdf(6页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: E 436 03Standard Test Method forDrop-Weight Tear Tests of Ferritic Steels1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 436; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number i
2、n parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers drop-weight tear tests (DWTT)on ferritic steels with thicknesses between 3.18 and 19.1 mm(0.125 and 0.750 in.).1.2 The
3、 values stated in SI (metric) units are to be regardedas the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the
4、 applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:E 208 Test Method for Conducting Drop-Weight Test toDetermine Nil-Ductility Transition Temperature of FerriticSteels2E 1823 Terminology Relating to Fatigue and Fracture Test-ing23. Significance and Use3.
5、1 This test method can be used to determine the appear-ance of propagating fractures in plain carbon or low-alloy pipesteels (yield strengths less than 825 MPa or 120 000 psi) overthe temperature range where the fracture mode changes frombrittle (cleavage or flat) to ductile (shear or oblique).3.2 T
6、his test method can serve the following purposes:3.2.1 For research and development, to study the effect ofmetallurgical variables such as composition or heat treatment,or of fabricating operations such as welding or forming on themode of fracture propagation.3.2.2 For evaluation of materials for se
7、rvice to indicate thesuitability of a material for specific applications by indicatingfracture propagation behavior at the service temperature(s).3.2.3 For information or specification purposes, to provide amanufacturing quality control only when suitable correlationshave been established with servi
8、ce behavior.4. Apparatus4.1 The testing machine shall be either a pendulum type ora vertical-dropped-weight (Note 1) type. The machine shallprovide sufficient energy to completely fracture a specimen inone impact.4.1.1 As a guide in the design of the equipment it has beenfound that up to 2712 J (200
9、0 ftlbf) of energy may be requiredto completely fracture specimens of steel up to 12.7 mm (12in.) in thickness with tensile strengths to 690 MPa (100 000psi).NOTE 1Equipment of the vertical-dropped-weight variety that can bereadily modified to conduct the drop-weight tear test is described in TestMe
10、thod E 208.NOTE 2Current pipeline grade steels take more thn 4kJ at designtemperature of -5C4.2 The specimen shall be supported in a suitable manner toprevent sidewise rotation of the specimen.4.3 The velocity of the hammer (in either type of testingmachine) shall be not less than 4.88 m/s (16 ft/s)
11、.5. Test Specimen5.1 The test specimen shall be a 76.2 by 305-mm (3 by12-in.) by full-plate-thickness edge-notch bend specimen em-ploying a pressed notch. Fig. 1 presents the dimensions andtolerances of the specimens. The specimens shall be removedfrom the material under test by sawing, shearing, or
12、 flamecutting, with or without machining.NOTE 3If the specimen is flame cut it is usually difficult to press in thenotch unless the heat-affected zone is removed by machining.5.2 The notch shall be pressed to the depth shown in Fig. 1with a sharp tool-steel chisel with an included angle of 45 62. Ma
13、chined notches are prohibited.NOTE 4The notch radius obtained with a sharp tool-steel chisel isnormally between 0.013 to 0.025 mm (0.0005 to 0.001 in.). When manyspecimens are to be tested, it is helpful to use a jig that will guide thechisel and stop it at the proper depth.6. Procedure6.1 In the te
14、mperature range from 73 to 100C (100to + 212F) employ the procedure described in 6.1.1 and 6.1.2.1This method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E08 on Fatigue andFracture and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E08.02 on Standards andTerminology.Current edition approved May 10, 20
15、03. Published June 2003. Originallyapproved in 1971. Last previous edition approved 1997 as E 436 91(1997).2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.1.1 Completely immerse the specime
16、ns in a bath ofsuitable liquid at a temperature within 61C (62F) of thedesired test temperature for a minimum time of 15 min prior totesting. Separate the specimens by a distance at least equal tothe thickness of the specimen. Make provision for circulationof the bath to assure uniform bath temperat
17、ure.NOTE 5Alternatively, other methods of heating and cooling may beused, provided they produce equivalent time at temperature of thespecimens.6.1.2 Remove the specimens from the bath and break asdescribed herein within a time period of 10-s. If the specimensare held out of the bath longer than 10 s
18、 return them unbrokento the bath for a minimum of 10 min. Do not handle thespecimen in the vicinity of the notch by devices the tempera-ture of which is appreciably different from the test temperature.6.2 For temperatures outside of the range specified in 6.1maintain the specimen temperature at the
19、time of impact within4C (6 2F) of the desired test temperature.6.3 Insert the specimen in the testing machine so that thenotch in the specimen lines up with the centerline of the tup onthe hammer within 1.59 mm (116 in.). Also, center the notch inthe specimen between the supports on the anvil.6.4 Co
20、nsider tests invalid if the specimen buckles duringimpact.NOTE 6Buckling has been experienced with specimen thicknessesless than 4.75 mm (0.187 in.).7. Specimen Evaluation7.1 For the purposes of this method, shear-fracture surfacesshall be considered as those having a dull gray silky appear-ance whi
21、ch are commonly inclined at an angle to the specimensurface. Cleavage or brittle fractures shall be considered thosethat are bright and crystalline in appearance and that areperpendicular to the plate surface. The cleavage fracturesgenerally extend from the root of the notch and are surroundedby a r
22、egion of shear or shear lips on the specimen surface.7.2 Evaluate the specimens (Note 7) by determining thepercent shear area of the fracture surface neglecting thefracture surface for a distance of one specimen thickness fromthe root of the notch and the fracture surface for a distance ofone specim
23、en thickness from the edge struck by the hammer.Fig. 2 illustrates in the cross-hatched area that portion of thefracture surface to be considered in the evaluation of thepercent shear area of the fracture surface.NOTE 7If the specimens are to be preserved for some length of timeafter evaluation of t
24、he shear area or if a considerable time elapses betweentesting and evaluation, the fracture surfaces should be treated to keep themfrom corroding.7.3 Occasionally specimens will exhibit the fracture appear-ance shown in Fig. 3. On specimens of this type the fractureappears to have stopped and starte
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