ASTM E2739-2010 Standard Specification for Personnel Decontamination System to be Used During a Chemical Event《化学事故中人员净化系统的标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: E2739 10Standard Specification forPersonnel Decontamination System to be Used During aChemical Event1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2739; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year o

2、f last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification is used to standardize the personneldecontamination systems used by the Homeland DefenseCommunity

3、 to ensure the system characteristics are matched tothe Homeland Defense Community needs. These personneldecontamination systems are not intended to be used for thedecontamination for any other surface or material.1.2 Also, these personnel decontamination systems are in-tended to be portable and eas

4、y to use by the Homeland DefenseCommunity during a chemical event.1.3 This specification is based on those issues associatedwith a chemical event only. It is recognized that personneldecontamination associated with a radiological or a biologicalevent, or both, will be similar, those events have not

5、beenconsidered and issues that may differ with respect to chemicaldecontamination are outside the scope of this standard speci-fication.1.4 Personnel processed through decontamination systemscertified under this standard may still require medical treatmentbecause of the chemical exposure.1.5 The amo

6、unt of processing that personnel will be re-quired to undergo while being decontaminated will be specifiedby the manufacturers operating instructions.1.6 Within the U.S. Homeland Defense Community, thefamiliarity and use of English units currently prevails. Equip-ment manufactured under this standar

7、d for use in the UnitedStates should consider English units for control panels, con-nections, system interfaces, etc. For this standard specification,the English units are provided as standard with the equivalentSI units in paraentheses.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety

8、concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E1799 Practice for Visual Inspectio

9、ns of Photovoltaic Mod-ulesE2202 Practice for Measurement of Equipment-GeneratedContinuous Noise for Assessment of Health HazardsE2411 Specification for Chemical Warfare Vapor Detector(CWVD)E2542 Specification for Portable Water Heaters Used atPersonnel Decontamination StationsE2543 Specification fo

10、r Portable Air Heaters Used at Per-sonnel Decontamination Stations and Shelters2.2 NFPA Standards:3NFPA 70 National Electrical Code2.3 NIST Standards:4NIST SP - 960-12 Stopwatch and Timer Calibrations2.4 EPA Standards:5Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.2 decontam

11、ination, nprocess of reducing or eliminatingthe hazards associated with chemical contamination for per-sonnel to include absorption, neutralization, and physicalremoval of the chemical contaminant.3.3 decontamination system, nall of the equipment re-quired to reduce the chemical contamination on per

12、sonnel1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E54 onHomeland Security Applications and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeE54.03 on Decontamination.Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2010. Published January 2011. DOI: 10.1520/E2739-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, v

13、isit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 BatterymarchPark, Quincy, MA 02

14、169-7471, http:/www.nfpa.org.4Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http:/www.nist.gov.5Available from United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), ArielRios Bldg., 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW, Washington,

15、DC 20460, http:/www.epa.gov.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.leaving the contaminated area to below levels that could causeharm to themselves, others, or the environment.4. Significance and Use4.1 This specification de

16、scribes the information for manu-facture and deployment of a personnel decontamination systemthat is intended to be portable and easy to use during achemical event recovery.4.2 The decontamination system based on this specificationwill meet the requirements for processing personnel at aminimum requi

17、red rate.4.3 The decontamination system that addresses the require-ments of this specification will be compatible with the medicalrequirements that may by associated with treatment for chemi-cal exposures.5. Classification5.1 Personnel decontamination systems shall be classifiedby the number of pers

18、onnel that can be decontaminated perhour by the system under the criteria set by this standard.5.2 The system shall also be classified as to its primarymode of transport, that is, self-propelled, trailer-mounted,pallet-mounted, on and off-road capable, on-road capable only.6. Materials and Manufactu

19、re6.1 The materials of construction of the personnel decon-tamination system shall be easily cleaned of surface mud andgrime with no degradation of the units ability to perform itsfunction. Additionally, the system components shall be ruggedenough to withstand the expected operating environment fort

20、he number of operations specified in this standard.6.2 The preferred fuels for the personnel decontaminationsystem are diesel fuel, gasoline, or bottled propane gas. Ifelectricity is used, the requirement shall be no more than: 120V, 50 Amps, single phase. Additionally, the equipment shallconform to

21、 NFPA 70 for outdoor usage.7. Mechanical Properties7.1 The system shall be able to be set-up, operated for aminimum of 12 h (to simulate the amount of time required untiladditional support arrives under mutual aid agreements) andre-stowed for the next operation a minimum of four timesbefore any syst

22、em requires more maintenance than end-usermaintenance.7.2 The system that has not been operated shall not berequired to have any user maintenance for a period of at least6 months.7.3 The system operators shall have the following displaysavailable to them so they can monitor the equipments opera-tion

23、s (the displays units of measure shall be described in thepurchase documents, including the equipment specificationplates): Operating Temperature for any of the units motors;Inlet and Outlet Temperature for the liquids supplied to cleanthe personnel passing through the system; Operating Pressurefor

24、the decontamination fluid supplied to clean the personnelpassing through the system; Fluid Level gages; Fuel Levelgages.Additionally, if the personnel decontamination system ispowered by electricity, the Input and Output Amperage andVoltage shall also be displayed. Each of these displays shallhave a

25、 user adjustable high level and low level alarms. Thealarms will be visual and audible and be able to be silenced bythe operator. If the audible alarm has been silenced by theoperator, the visual alarm shall remain active until the alarmcondition has been corrected.7.4 All user adjustable operating

26、parameters will be able tohave pre-set conditions to facilitate the initial set-up andoperation of the personnel decontamination system. The set-points for these operating conditions must be able to beadjusted by the equipment operators during the course of theoperation so equipment performance can

27、be matched to theactual operations.8. Performance Requirements8.1 Personnel decontamination systems shall be able toprocess an individual who has been contaminated with chemi-cal material so that once the person has completed processingthe persons residual contamination shall be below the follow-ing

28、 levels:(a) AEGL-2 (8-h) level of airborne detectable chemicalmaterial for mass personnel decontamination(b) AEGL-1 (8-h) level of airborne detectable chemicalmaterial for personnel decontamination prior to entering amedical treatment facility.(c) If a person has been contaminated with multiplechemi

29、cal materials, then all chemical materials shall be decon-taminated to below the AEGL-1 (8-h) level.8.2 Once the personnel decontamination system arrives onsite, it shall be capable of being fully assembled and ready toreceive personnel for decontamination within 20 min.8.3 When the personnel decont

30、amination system has beenplaced in a ready to use mode, the system shall decontaminatethe first ambulatory individual within 10 min after systemstart-up. Additionally, the system shall be able to process 10ambulatory personnel within 30 min of initial start-up. Finally,if required by the purchaser,

31、the system shall be capable ofprocessing 100 ambulatory personnel within 60 min of initialstart-up.8.4 The personnel decontamination systems shall be capableof being operated in ambient temperatures of up to 50C(120F). The minimum ambient operating temperature shall be18C (0F) or less. If air heatin

32、g is utilized, the air heatersused shall meet the requirements of Specification E2543.9. Other Requirements9.1 The personnel decontamination system must be capableof being set-up and operated in winds up to 11.2 m/s (25 mph).9.2 The total noise generated by all components of thepersonnel decontamina

33、tion system shall not exceed 70 decibelswhen measured from a distance the lesser of 7.6 m (25 ft) fromthe component, or the location of persons being processedthrough the system.9.3 If a point detector is used to determine if personnel havebeen adequately decontaminated, then all personnel measure-m

34、ents shall be taken no more than 2 in. from the persons skin.If using a volume detector the person being measured shallremain in the monitoring volume for a sufficient period of timefor the detector to gather an adequate sample for the requiredsensitivity measurements.E2739 1029.4 If a decontaminati

35、ng solution is used, it shall be deliv-ered onto persons being decontaminated at between 27 and38C (80 and 100F). If water is used to decontaminatepersonnel, then the water heats utilized shall meet the require-ments of Specification E2542.10. Inspection10.1 Inspection of the material shall be agree

36、d upon be-tween the purchaser and the supplier as part of the purchaseorder or contract.11. Rejection and Rehearing11.1 Material that fails to conform to the requirements ofthis specification may be rejected.12. Certification12.1 Systems certified to this standard may be certified asbeing capable of

37、 decontaminating 100 ambulatory personnelwithin 60 min of initial start-up.12.2 Systems certified to this standard shall specify, as partof the certification, what chemical materials they are capable ofdecontaminating to the levels required by this standard.12.3 Systems certified to this standard wi

38、ll positively statethat if water is required by the system, a non-pressurized watersource, such as a lake, can be utilized.13. Product Marking13.1 The personnel decontamination systems shall bemarked in any fashion that adequately identifies the device, anyapplicable usage warnings, and adherence to

39、 the requirementsof this specification.14. Packaging and Package Marking14.1 The packaging may be marked in any fashion thatadequately identifies the package contents, any applicableusage warnings, and adherence to the requirements of thisspecification. Additional markings may be required by thepurc

40、haser in the purchase order or contract.15. Keywords15.1 decontamination; decontamination system; mass per-sonnel decontaminationAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONSX1.1 Additional factors that should be considered duringthe design of a decontamination system:X1.1.1 Separa

41、tion of sexes,X1.1.2 Personal property control and accountability,X1.1.3 Waste water control,X1.1.4 Minor children/special needs individuals control andaccountability,X1.1.5 Family member tracking and reuniting,X1.1.6 Warm water delivery system,X1.1.7 Warm air delivery system,X1.1.8 Decontamination

42、solution delivery system,X1.1.9 Multiple sizes of modesty clothing for persons whohave completed the decontamination process,X1.1.10 Clothing removal,X1.1.11 Evidence collection and chain of custody,X1.1.12 Lighting for night operations,X1.1.13 Minimization of environmental footprint,X1.1.14 Length

43、of continuous operation beyond 12 h,X1.1.15 PPE required for the personnel operating the per-sonnel decontamination system,X1.1.16 Control of first responder unique equipment, andX1.1.17 Maintaining the privacy, to the greatest possibleextent, of persons undergoing the decontamination processfrom be

44、ing viewed by persons (or remotely operated cameras)not involved in the decontamination operations.X1.2 The number of trained personnel required to deployand set up and operated the decontamination system.X1.3 The amount of training required to attain, andmaintain, full proficiency in use of the per

45、sonnel decontami-nation system.X1.4 The shelf life of perishable and non-perishableconsumables.X1.5 The signage required by the system.E2739 103ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of t

46、his standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five y

47、ears andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical comm

48、ittee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19

49、428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).E2739 104