ASTM E2710-2011 Standard Guide for Preservation of Charred Documents《烧毁文件保存标准指南》.pdf

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1、Designation: E2710 11Standard Guide forPreservation of Charred Documents1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2710; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses

2、indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide provides procedures that should be used byforensic document examiners (Guide E444) for the preserva-tion of charred documents.1.2 These procedures

3、 include evaluation of the sufficiencyof the material requiring preservation.1.3 The particular methods employed in a given case willdepend upon the nature of the material available for preserva-tion.1.4 This guide does not cover all procedures to preservecharred documents. Consultation with a docum

4、ent conserva-tionist, archivist, or related material expert, as well as referencematerials, may be necessary.1.5 This guide does not replace knowledge, skill, ability,experience, education, or training (Guide E2388) and should beused in conjunction with professional judgment.1.6 This standard does n

5、ot purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standar

6、ds:2E444 Guide for Scope of Work of Forensic DocumentExaminersE2388 Guide for Minimum Training Requirements for Fo-rensic Document Examiners3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 bone folder, na piece of shaped bone or othermaterial, such as plastic or Teflon, typical

7、ly used by bookbind-ers to crease paper and to separate pieces of paper that are stucktogether.3.1.2 charred documents, ndocuments damaged by heator fire.3.1.3 parylene processing, nthe deposition of a clearpolymer coating on a document(s) within a vacuum chamber tostrengthen and stabilize the docum

8、ent(s).3.1.4 polyester film encapsulation, na process whereby adocument is sealed between two sheets of polyester film topreserve, stabilize, and facilitate handling.3.1.5 submersion, vthe placement of a document(s) intoan appropriate liquid to facilitate cleaning, unfolding, orseparation of the doc

9、ument(s).4. Significance and Use4.1 The procedures outlined here are grounded in thegenerally accepted body of knowledge and experience in thefield of forensic document examination and related fields. Byfollowing these procedures, a forensic document examiner canreliably process charred documents to

10、 optimize their preserva-tion.5. Interferences5.1 Items submitted for examination may have inherentlimitations that interfere with the procedures in this Guide.Limitations should be noted and recorded.5.2 The results of prior storage, handling, testing, or pro-cessing can adversely affect the preser

11、vation of the docu-ment(s). The document(s) should be immobilized as soon aspossible to minimize damage prior to its preservation.5.3 The extensive time required for some procedures andthe type of procedures chosen can conflict with investigativeneeds and other forensic examinations. Coordination wi

12、th thesubmitter, experts in other forensic disciplines, and otherrelevant individuals might be warranted.5.4 Take necessary precautions to prevent disturbance of thecharred documents by air circulation in the examination area .6. Equipment and Requirements6.1 Appropriate light source(s) of sufficien

13、t intensity toallow fine detail to be distinguished.NOTE 1Natural light, incandescent, LED or fluorescent sources, orfiber optic lighting systems are generally utilized. Transmitted lighting,side lighting, and vertical incident lighting have been found useful in avariety of situations.1This guide is

14、 under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E30 on ForensicSciences and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E30.02 on QuestionedDocuments.Current edition approved March 1, 2011. Published March 2011. DOI: 10.1520/E2710-11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, o

15、rcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.2 Magnification

16、 sufficient to allow fine detail to be distin-guished.6.3 Picks, such as dental picks, probes, and tweezers.6.4 Atomizer.6.5 Trays, tanks, and pliable screening.6.6 Bone folder or similar device.6.7 Polyester film or other encapsulation material, as re-quired.6.8 Imaging or other equipment for recor

17、ding observations,as required.6.9 Other apparatus and supplies, such as cotton batting ornewsprint-lined boxes, plate glass stock, humidity chamber,laboratory oven, and chemicals, as appropriate.6.10 Sufficient time and facilities to complete all applicableprocedures.7. Procedure7.1 All applicable p

18、rocedures should be performed andnoted when appropriate. These procedures need not be per-formed in the order given.7.2 Document procedures performed, relevant observations,and results.7.2.1 Images should be made to document the initial con-dition of the evidence and subsequently as needed.7.3 It is

19、 at the discretion of the examiner to discontinue orlimit the procedure outlined in this guide when further pro-cessing is no longer practical or appropriate. Document thereasons for such a decision.7.4 Evaluate the charred document(s) for the following:7.4.1 The nature and components of the documen

20、t(s).7.4.2 The condition and extent of charring.7.5 Determine the appropriate procedures to optimize pres-ervation of the document(s).7.5.1 For a multiple-page document or a charred mass ofdocuments:7.5.1.1 Attempt to separate and flatten the pages usingappropriate equipment, such as bone folders, p

21、icks, probes, andtweezers. It may be necessary to humidify, submerge, orotherwise stabilize the documents. Various methods, such ashumidifying, atomizing, submersing, or fuming, may be usedto apply water or other appropriate solvents or binders.7.5.2 For a single-page document, flatten if necessary.

22、7.6 Encapsulation or other stabilization process, such asparylene processing, may be appropriate.7.7 Other forensic examinations may be conducted as re-quired.8. Keywords8.1 arson; charred documents; encapsulation; forensic sci-ences; paper analysis; parylene; preservation; questioneddocumentsASTM I

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24、ely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand

25、should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on

26、Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).E2710 112