ASTM D6913-2004(2009) 9375 Standard Test Methods for Particle-Size Distribution (Gradation) of Soils Using Sieve Analysis《使用筛分法测定粒度分布(粒级作用)的标准试验方法》.pdf
《ASTM D6913-2004(2009) 9375 Standard Test Methods for Particle-Size Distribution (Gradation) of Soils Using Sieve Analysis《使用筛分法测定粒度分布(粒级作用)的标准试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D6913-2004(2009) 9375 Standard Test Methods for Particle-Size Distribution (Gradation) of Soils Using Sieve Analysis《使用筛分法测定粒度分布(粒级作用)的标准试验方法》.pdf(34页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D 6913 04 (Reapproved 2009)Standard Test Methods forParticle-Size Distribution (Gradation) of Soils Using SieveAnalysis1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6913; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of
2、revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONAlthough this test method has been used for many years, there are vast testing variations requir
3、eddue to soil types and conditions. The test is more complicated and complex than would be expected.Multiple procedures are being presented along with new terminology. Although these procedures arenot new, they will now be defined and explained. Some examples of these new terms are compositesieving,
4、 designated separating sieve and subspecimen. This test method outlines the majority ofconditions and procedures but does not cover every conceivable variation or contingency. The tableof contents in the Scope section is added to enable the user to easily find a specific topic orrequirement. Only se
5、ctions/subsections with titles are presented. Therefore, numbered subsections willnot be continuous in some cases, as indicated in the Scope section.1. Scope1.1 Soils consist of particles with various shapes and sizes.This test method is used to separate particles into size rangesand to determine qu
6、antitatively the mass of particles in eachrange. These data are combined to determine the particle-sizedistribution (gradation). This test method uses a square open-ing sieve criterion in determining the gradation of soil betweenthe 3-in. (75-mm) and No. 200 (75-m) sieves.1.2 The terms, soils and ma
7、terial, are used interchangeablythroughout the standard.1.3 In cases where the gradation of particles larger than 3 in.(75 mm) sieve is required, Test Method D 5519 may be used.1.4 In cases where the gradation of particles smaller thanNo. 200 (75-m) sieve is required, Test Method D 4222may beused.1.
8、5 Typically, if the maximum particle size is equal to orless than 4.75 mm (No. 4 sieve), then single-set sieving isapplicable. Furthermore, if the maximum particle size isgreater than 4.75 mm (No. 4 sieve) and equal to or less than 9.5mm (38-in sieve), then either single-set sieving or compositesiev
9、ing is applicable. Finally, if the maximum particle size isequal to or greater than 19.0 mm (34-in sieve), compositesieving is applicable. For special conditions see 10.3.1.6 Two test methods are provided in this standard. Themethods differ in the significant digits recorded and the size ofthe speci
10、men (mass) required. The method to be used may bespecified by the requesting authority; otherwise MethodAshallbe performed.1.6.1 Method AThe percentage (by mass) passing eachsieve size is recorded to the nearest 1 %. This method must beused when performing composite sieving. For cases of dis-putes,
11、Method A is the referee method.1.6.2 Method BThe percentage (by mass) passing eachsieve size is recorded to the nearest 0.1 %. This method is onlyapplicable for single sieve-set sieving and when the maximumparticle size is equal to or less than the No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve.1.7 This test method does not
12、 cover, in any detail, procure-ment of the sample. It is assumed that the sample is obtainedusing appropriate methods and is representative.1.8 Sample ProcessingThree procedures (moist, air dry,and oven dry) are provided to process the sample to obtain aspecimen. The procedure selected will depend o
13、n the type ofsample, the maximum particle-size in the sample, the range ofparticle sizes, the initial conditions of the material, the plastic-ity of the material, the efficiency, and the need for other testingon the sample. The procedure may be specified by therequesting authority; otherwise the gui
14、dance given in Section10 shall be followed.1.9 This test method typically requires two or three days tocomplete, depending on the type and size of the sample andsoil type.1.10 This test method is not applicable for the followingsoils:1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 o
15、n Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.03 on Texture, Plasticityand Density Characteristics of Soils.Current edition approved July 1, 2009. Published August 2009. Originallyapproved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D 6913 04e2.2Currently Subcommittee D1
16、8.03 is preparing a new test method (HydrometerAnalysis or Combined Sieve and Hydrometer Analysis) to replace D 422.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.1.10.1 Soils containing fibrous peat that will change inparticle size
17、 during the drying, washing, or sieving procedure.1.10.2 Soils containing extraneous matter, such as organicsolvents, oil, asphalt, wood fragments, or similar items. Suchextraneous matter can affect the washing and sieving proce-dures.1.10.3 Materials that contain cementitious components,such as cem
18、ent, fly ash, lime, or other stabilization admixtures.1.11 This test method may not produce consistent testresults within and between laboratories for the following soilsand the precision statement does not apply to them.1.11.1 Friable soils in which the sieving processes changethe gradation of the
19、soil. Typical examples of these soils aresome residual soils, most weathered shales and some weaklycemented soils such as hardpan, caliche or coquina.1.11.2 Soils that will not readily disperse such as glauconiticclays or some dried plastic clays.1.11.3 To test these soils, this test method must be
20、adapted,or altered, and these alterations documented. Depending on thedesign considerations, a specialized gradation-testing programcould be performed. The alterations could require the washingand sieving procedures to be standardized such that eachspecimen would be processed in a similar manner.1.1
21、2 Some materials that are not soils, but are made up ofparticles may be tested using this method. However, theapplicable sections above should be used in applying thisstandard.1.13 All observed and calculated values shall conform to theguidelines for significant digits and rounding established inPra
22、ctice D 6026, unless superseded by this test method.1.13.1 The procedures used to specify how data arecollected/recorded and calculated in this standard are regardedas the industry standard. In addition, they are representative ofthe significant digits that generally should be retained. Theprocedure
23、s used do not consider material variation, purpose forobtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any consider-ations for the users objectives; and it is common practice toincrease or reduce significant digits of reported data to becommensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scopeof
24、 these test methods to consider significant digits used inanalysis methods for engineering design.1.14 UnitsThe dimensional values stated in either SI unitsor inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard, such as200-mm or 8-in. diameter sieve. Except, the sieve designationsare typically identifie
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