ASTM D6089-1997(2010) 2500 Standard Guide for Documenting a Groundwater Sampling Event《地下水取样过程文件形成的标准指南》.pdf

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1、Designation: D6089 97 (Reapproved 2010)Standard Guide forDocumenting a Ground-Water Sampling Event1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6089; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision

2、. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers what and how information should berecorded in the field when sampling a ground-water monitoringwell. Following th

3、ese recommendations will provide adequatedocumentation in most monitoring programs. In some situa-tions, it may be necessary to record additional or differentinformation, or both, to thoroughly document the samplingevent. In other cases, it may not be necessary to record all ofthe information recomm

4、ended in this guide. The level ofdocumentation will be based on site-specific conditions andregulatory requirements.1.2 This guide is limited to written documentation of aground-water sampling event. Other methods of documenta-tion (that is, electronic and audiovisual) can be used but are notaddress

5、ed in this guide. The specific activities addressed in thisguide include documentation of static water level measure-ment, monitoring well purging, monitoring well sampling, fieldmeasurements, ground-water sample preparation, and ground-water sample shipment.1.3 This standard does not purport to add

6、ress all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This guide offers an organized collection of informa

7、tionor a series of options and does not recommend a specificcourse of action. This document cannot replace education orexperience and should be used in conjunction with professionaljudgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in allcircumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to re

8、pre-sent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy ofa given professional service must be judged, nor should thisdocument be applied without consideration of a projects manyunique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of thisdocument means only that the document has been approvedthro

9、ugh the ASTM consensus process.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4750 Test Method for Determining Subsurface LiquidLevels in a Borehole or Monitoring Well (ObservationWell)3D5088 Practice for Decontamination of Field EquipmentUsed at Waste SitesD5608 Practices for Decontamination of Field

10、EquipmentUsed at Low Level Radioactive Waste SitesD5903 Guide for Planning and Preparing for a GroundwaterSampling Event2.2 Government Document:40 CFR 261.4 (d) (ii)43. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this guide, refer toTerminology D653.3.2 Definitions of Terms Spe

11、cific to This Standard:3.2.1 chain of custodythe process of maintaining account-ability of the samples for the purpose of identifying potentialbreaches in sample integrity.3.2.2 chain of custody recorda record of all individualswho possess the samples from the time of collection untilanalysis.4. Sig

12、nificance and Use4.1 When sampling ground-water monitoring wells, it isvery important to thoroughly document all field activities.Sufficient field data should be retained to allow one toreconstruct the procedures and conditions that may haveaffected the integrity of a sample. The field data generate

13、d arevital to the interpretation of the chemical data obtained fromlaboratory analyses of samples. Field data and observationsmay also be useful to analytical laboratory personnel.1This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rockand is the direct responsibility of Subcommit

14、tee D18.21 on Ground Water andVadose Zone Investigations.Current edition approved July 1, 2010. Published September 2010. Originallyapproved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D608997(2003).DOI: 10.1520/D6089-97R102For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org,

15、orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.4Available from the Superintendent o

16、f Documents, U.S. Government PrintingOffice, Washington, DC 20402.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5. Documentation Methods5.1 Field records should be generated by a member of thesampling team. It is important to recor

17、d procedures used andmeasurements immediately after they have been accomplishedand are fresh in the memory. In general, notes should not betaken after returning from the field.5.2 The format of the documentation is discretionary, butshould be consistent from well to well and in accordance withregula

18、tory requirements. Forms are often used for consistencyand to reduce the chance of failing to record needed informa-tion. It may be desirable for records to be entered with indelibleink in a hard cover, stitch-bound book for credibility inlitigation.6. Documentation Content6.1 General:6.1.1 Record t

19、he facility or site name, or both, and the wellidentification.6.1.2 Record the weather conditions.6.1.3 Record the names of all sampling team members.6.1.4 Record any instrument calibration details to includeinstrument identification and date and time of last calibration.6.1.5 Note any changes in th

20、e physical condition of the well.6.1.6 Note changes in land use or physical conditions of thesite.6.1.7 Record wellhead observations and measurements (forexample, odor, organic vapor measurements).6.1.8 Record any quality control samples collected or pre-pared in the field.6.1.9 Describe decontamina

21、tion procedures for non-dedicated equipment (See Practice D5088, D5903 and D5608).6.1.10 Record any deviations from the sampling and analy-sis plan.6.2 Static Water Level Measurement:6.2.1 Record the depth to water in the well from a referencepoint of known elevation. Optimally, there will be a mark

22、 ornotch on the well casing to indicate the exact reference point(See Test Method D4750).6.2.2 Record the reference point from which the measure-ment was taken (that is, ground surface, top of well casing, topof protective casing).6.2.3 Document the presence and estimated thickness of animmiscible l

23、ayer.6.2.4 Record the total depth of the well from either histori-cal records or actual measurement.6.2.5 Record the units of the measurement (that is, feet ormetres).6.2.6 Record the method or equipment (include serial num-ber) used for measuring the depth to water in the well.6.2.7 Record the date

24、 and time that the water level ismeasured.6.2.8 Record any other relevant information (for example,were any nearby wells being pumped).6.3 Monitoring Well Purging:6.3.1 Briefly describe the purging method used.6.3.2 Record the calculated purge volume (if applicable).6.3.3 Record the volume of water

25、removed from the well.Indicate if the well was purged to dryness.6.3.4 Record all measurements taken during purging (thatis, water levels, indicator parameter levels, organic vapormonitoring data).6.3.5 Record the pumping rate, if known.6.3.6 Record the type of equipment used to purge the well.Inclu

26、de the materials of construction of the equipment used.6.3.7 Record the length of time spent purging the well.6.3.8 Record the appearance of the water before and afterpurging.6.3.9 Record the date and time that well purging is com-pleted.6.3.10 Briefly describe management of purged water.6.4 Monitor

27、ing Well Sampling:6.4.1 Record the analytes for which samples are beingcollected.6.4.2 Record the order, by analyte, that sample containersare filled.6.4.3 Record the volume, material of construction, andnumber of sample containers.6.4.4 Record the equipment used to collect the samples.This should i

28、nclude a description of any component materialsused that contact the ground water (for example, tubing, pumpparts, bailer material, etc.).6.4.5 Record the pumping rate, if applicable.6.4.6 Record the date and approximate time that the sam-pling is accomplished.6.4.7 Record the general appearance of

29、the sample (that iscolor, clarity).6.4.8 Note any problems or unusual events during thesampling.6.4.9 Record the name of the person collecting the sample.6.5 Field Measurements:6.5.1 Record all field measurement data.6.5.2 Record the units of measurement for each measure-ment taken.6.5.3 Record all

30、of the equipment/instrumentation used forfield measurements and any calibration activities to includecalibration standard information and date and time of calibra-tion.6.5.4 Record the date and time that field measurements aretaken.6.6 Ground-Water Sample Preparation:6.6.1 Record the method of groun

31、d-water sample filtration,filter type and medium, and for which analytes filtration isperformed.6.6.2 Record any chemical preservatives used.6.6.3 Record the manner of storage and shipment of samples(that is, refrigeration and packaging methods)6.6.4 Record the name of the person who performs thesam

32、ple preparation.6.7 Sample Container LabelingGround-water samplesshould be labeled such that they will be intact and legible evenif wet. The labels should contain, at a minimum, the followinginformation: sample identification number, name of collector,date and time of collection, site identification

33、, parameter(s)requested, and preservation methods.6.8 Ground-Water Sample Shipment:6.8.1 Record the method of shipment.D6089 97 (2010)26.8.2 Record the type and number of shipping containers.6.8.3 Note if a temperature check sample is included in theshipping container.6.8.4 Provide a chain of custod

34、y record in each shippingcontainer identifying the exact contents of that container. At aminimum, the chain of custody records should list the siteidentification, the sample identifiers and analyses required,container sizes and types, chemical preservatives used, sam-pling dates, shipping date, and

35、the samples preparers name.6.8.5 Other information that must accompany each shippingcontainer as required in 40 CFR 261.4(d)(ii) follows: “thesample collectors name, mailing address, and telephone num-ber; the laboratorys name, mailing address, and telephonenumber; the quantity of the sample; the da

36、te of shipment; anda description of the sample”.6.9 Analytical Request FormsThe analytical laboratorywill need a written request for analytical support. The requestis usually generated before the sampling event; however, acopy of the request or other forms for laboratory use may needto be included i

37、n the sample shipment. The laboratory willinstruct the project manager on the forms to be submitted fortheir use. Analytical request forms may include project man-agers name, organization and phone number; project numberor identifier; project location; brief description of the projectobjectives; any

38、 known contaminants associated with theproject site, when sample containers and preservatives areneeded; date samples will arrive; number and types of samplesfor each analyte; date results needed; desired detection limitsand analytical methods; and, remarks or other special require-ments.7. Keywords

39、7.1 documentation; ground-water sampling; monitoringwellASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent

40、 rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either

41、 for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hea

42、ring you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard

43、 may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D6089 97 (2010)3