ASTM D4643-2017 Standard Test Method for Determination of Water Content of Soil and Rock by Microwave Oven Heating《用微波炉加热法测定土壤和岩石含水量的标准试验方法》.pdf
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1、Designation: D4643 08D4643 17Standard Test Method forDetermination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soil and Rockby Microwave Oven Heating1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4643; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case
2、of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This t
3、est method outlines procedures for determining the water (moisture) content of soils by incrementally drying soil ina microwave oven.1.2 This test method can be used as a substitute for Test Method D2216 when more rapid results are desired to expedite otherphases of testing and slightly less accurat
4、e results are acceptable.1.3 When questions of accuracy between this test method and Test Method D2216 arise, Test Method D2216 shall be the refereemethod.1.4 This test method is applicable for most soil types. For some soils, such as those containing significant amounts of halloysite,mica, montmori
5、llonite, gypsum or other hydrated materials, highly organic soils, or soils in which the pore water containssignificant amounts of dissolved solids (such as salt in the case of marine deposits), this test method may not yield reliable watercontent values.values due to the potential for heating above
6、 110C or lack of means to account for the presence of precipitatedsolids that were previously dissolved.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units Performance of the test method utilizinganother system of units shall not be considered non-conformance. The si
7、eve designations are identified using the “standard” systemin accordance with Specification E11of measurement are included, such as 2.0-mm and 19-mm, followed by the “alternative”system of No. 10 and 34in this test method. -in., respectively, in parentheses.1.6 Refer to All observed and calculated v
8、alues shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding establishedin Practice D6026 for guidance concerning the use of significant figures. This is especially important if the water content will beused to calculate other relationships such as moist mass to dry mass or vice versa,
9、wet unit weight to dry unit weight or vice versa,and total density to dry density or vice versa. For example, if four significant digits are required in any of the above calculations,then the water content has to be recorded to the nearest 0.1 %. This occurs since 1 plus the water content (not in pe
10、rcent) will havefour significant digits regardless of what the value of the water content is; that is, 1 plus 0.1/100 = 1.001, a value with foursignificant digits. While, if three significant digits are acceptable, then the water content can be recorded to the nearest 1 %., unlessotherwise supersede
11、d by this standard.1.6.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the industrystandard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do notconsider material v
12、ariation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the users objectives;and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations.It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider signi
13、ficant digits used in analysis methods for engineering design.1.6.2 Significant digits are especially important if the water content will be used to calculate other relationships such as moistmass to dry mass or vice versa, wet unit weight to dry unit weight or vice versa, and total density to dry d
14、ensity or vice versa.For example, if four significant digits are required in any of the above calculations, then the water content has to be recorded tothe nearest 0.1 %, for water contents below 100 %. This occurs since 1 plus the water content (not in percent) will have foursignificant digits rega
15、rdless of what the value of the water content is (below 100 %); that is, 1 plus 0.1/100 = 1.001, a value withfour significant digits. While, if three significant digits are acceptable, then the water content can be recorded to the nearest 1 %.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Commi
16、ttee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.08 on Special and ConstructionControl Tests.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2008Feb. 1, 2017. Published February 2008February 2017. Originally approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 20002008as D4643 00.D4643
17、 08.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior
18、 editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428
19、-2959. United States11.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to
20、use. See Section 7.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained FluidsD2216 Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by MassD3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/o
21、r Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used inEngineering Design and ConstructionD4220 Practices for Preserving and Transporting Soil SamplesD4753 Guide for Evaluating, Selecting, and Specifying Balances and Standard Masses for Use in Soil, Rock, and ConstructionMaterials TestingD5079 Practices for Preser
22、ving and Transporting Rock Core Samples (Withdrawn 2017)3D6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical DataE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 All definitions are in accordance with For definitions of common technical ter
23、ms used in this standard, refer toTerminology D653.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 microwave heatinga process by which heat is induced within a material due to the interaction between dipolar moleculesof the material and an alternating, high frequency electric field. Microwa
24、ves are electromagnetic waves with 1 mm to 1 mwavelengths.3.2.2 water (moisture) contentthe ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the mass of “pore” or “free” water in a given mass ofsoil to the mass of the solid particles.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A moist soil specimen is placed in a suitable con
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