ASTM D2978-2003(2010) Standard Test Method for Volume of Processed Peat Materials《已加工泥炭材料体积的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: D2978 03 (Reapproved 2010)Standard Test Method forVolume of Processed Peat Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2978; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.

2、 A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the volumeof loose and baled processed peat expressed as cubic feet.21.2 This standard do

3、es not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Sta

4、ndards:3D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and ContainedFluidsD3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock asUsed in Engineering Design and ConstructionE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSieves3. Summary of Tes

5、t Method3.1 The test method consists of dividing the particles of peatby passing them through a 12.5-mm (12-in.) sieve and allowingthem to fall into a volume-measuring container.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method may be used to quantify the volume ofpeats under consideration in commercial t

6、ransactions.4.2 The quality of the result produced by this standard isdependent on the competence of the personnel performing it,and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used.Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generallyconsidered capable of competent and objective testi

7、ng/sampling/inspection/ and the like. Users of this standard arecautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not initself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on manyfactors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating someof those factors.5. Apparatus5.1 U. S. Standard Sieve, 12

8、.5-mm (12-in.), conforming toSpecification E11.5.2 Container of steel or wood bound with metal, havingone of the following sets of inside dimensions:5.2.112 ft3= 12 by 12 by 12-in. container with line scribed6 in. from the bottom.5.2.234 ft3= 12 by 12 by 12-in. container with line scribed9 in. from

9、the bottom.5.2.3 1-ft3= 12 by 12 by 12-in. container.5.2.4 2-ft3= 16 by 16-in. base by 1312-in. height.5.2.5 5-ft3= 16 by 16-in. base by 3334-in. height.6. Procedure6.1 Loose PeatRemove the material from the bag orcontainer, pass it through the 12.5-mm (12-in.) sieve and placedirectly into the measu

10、ring box. Pour the contents fromapproximately 2 ft into the measuring box. Determine thecontents of the bag or container only once. The corners of themeasuring box shall be well filled by shaking with a rotarymotion, one rotation per second for 5 s without lifting the boxfrom the floor or other surf

11、ace. When filled, level it off by astraightedge to determine the volume.6.2 Baled PeatThe volume of baled material shall be theproduct of the height by the area of the base. Measurementsmust be corrected for outside wrappers. Determine the amountof loose peat in a bale by passing through the 12.5-mm

12、 (12-in.)sieve and measuring the amount of loose peat using the 12 by12 by 12-in. box and the procedure described in 5.1.7. Report7.1 Report the volume of peat in cubic feet.8. Precision and Bias8.1 PrecisionDue to the nature of the soil or rock mate-rials tested by this method it is either not feas

13、ible or too costlyat this time to produce multiple specimens which have uniformphysical properties. Any variation observed in the data is just1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.22 on Soil as a Mediumfo

14、r Plant Growth.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2010. Published March 2010. Originallyapproved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D2978 03. DOI:10.1520/D2978-03R10.2Standards for determining the volume and bulk density of undisturbed, in situpeaks are presently being prepared by Comm

15、ittee D 18.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dri

16、ve, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.as likely to be due to specimen variation as to operator orlaboratory testing variation. Subcommittee D18.18 welcomesproposals that would allow for development of a valid preci-sion statement.8.2 BiasThere is no accepted reference valu

17、e for this testmethod, therefore, bias cannot be determined.9. Keywords9.1 peat; volume; volume measureASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that d

18、etermination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved

19、 or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel

20、that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprin

21、ts (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D2978 03 (2010)2