ASTM D502-1989(2003) Standard Test Method for Particle Size of Soaps and Other Detergents《肥皂和其它洗涤剂粒度的试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: D 502 89 (Reapproved 2003)Standard Test Method forParticle Size of Soaps and Other Detergents1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 502; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last

2、revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the particlesize of soaps and other detergents by hand sieving and machinesie

3、ving methods.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. M

4、aterial SafetyData Sheets are available for reagents and materials. Reviewthem for hazards prior to usage.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 460 Test Methods for Sampling and Chemical Analysisof Soaps and Soap Products2D 501 Test Methods of Sampling and Chemical Analysis ofAlkaline Detergen

5、ts2E 11 Specification for Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing Pur-poses33. Significance and Use3.1 This test method assures that the particle size of soapsand detergents conforms to specifications having to do withdensity and packaging, among others. It also offers a means ofcontrolling the amount of pote

6、ntially hazardous very lowparticle size material.4. Sieves4.1 The sieves shall conform to Specification E 11.5. Sampling5.1 Sample soaps in accordance with Test Methods D 460.5.2 Sample other detergents in accordance with Test Meth-ods D 501.6. Procedure Using Hand-Sieving Method6.1 Use a nest of cl

7、ean, dry sieves consisting of a No. 12(1700-m), No. 40 (425-m), and a No. 100 (150-m) sieve.Other size sieves may be used when required by the individualspecifications. Transfer a 100 6 0.1 g well-mixed samplewithout previous drying to the top sieve. Simultaneously shakethe sieves by hand with occas

8、ional tapping of the edge of thebottom sieve on a large rubber stopper or a flat, thick piece ofrubber. When the portion of the soap passing through thebottom sieve (No. 100) is less than 0.1 g/min of shaking (thiscan be well judged by sifting into a large, dark colored pan)remove the top sieve and

9、shake separately over a clean, darkpan to be certain that no more of the residue will pass through.Place any material passing through the largest sieve on the nextsize sieve, using a small camels hair brush to remove thematerial from the catch pan. Repeat the same procedure ofsifting successively wi

10、th each sieve used. Carefully weigh theportions retained on each sieve and the portion passing thesmallest sieve.6.2 Duplicate particle size determinations shall be made andthe average of the two tests used in the calculations.7. Procedure Using Machine-Sieving Method7.1 Use a nest of clean dry siev

11、es consisting of a No. 12(1700-m), No. 40 (425-m), and a No. 100 (150-m) sieve.Other size sieves may be used when required by the individualspecifications. Transfer a 100 6 0.1-g well-mixed sample,without previous drying, to the top sieve. Place the nest ofsieves in a mechanically operated sieve sha

12、ker and allow themachine to run for 10 min. Carefully weigh the portionsretained on each sieve, and the portion passing the smallestsieve.7.2 Duplicate particle size determinations shall be made andthe average of the two tests used in the calculations.8. Calculation8.1 Calculate the percentage of ma

13、terial retained on the No.12 (1700-m) sieve by dividing the weight of the residue on thesieve by the original weight of the sample and multiplying by100.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D12 on Soapsand Other Detergents and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D12

14、.12 onAnalysis of Soaps and Synthetic Detergents.Current edition approved May 26, 1989. Published July 1989. Originallypublished as D 502 38 T. Last previous edition D 502 88.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.04.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr H

15、arbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.8.2 Calculate the percentage of the material retained on theNo. 40 (425-m) sieve by adding the weight of the residueretained on the No. 12 (1700-m) sieve to the weight of theresidue on the No. 40 sieve, dividing the sum by the

16、 originalweight of the sample, and multiplying by 100.8.3 Calculate the percentage of the material retained on theNo. 100 (150-m) sieve by adding the weight of the residuesretained on all three sieves, dividing the sum by the weight ofthe original sample, and multiplying by 100.9. Precision and Bias

17、9.1 Because of the nature and the wide variety of materialsbeing tested, this test method is not amenable to the generationof precision and bias data. However, the test method continuesto be used and referenced.10. Keywords10.1 particle size; sieves; soapASTM International takes no position respecti

18、ng the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This stand

19、ard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM Internation

20、al Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.T

21、his standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 502 89 (2003)2