ASTM D1894-2014 Standard Test Method for Static and Kinetic Coefficients of Friction of Plastic Film and Sheeting《塑料薄膜和薄板静态和动态摩擦系数的标准试验方法》.pdf
《ASTM D1894-2014 Standard Test Method for Static and Kinetic Coefficients of Friction of Plastic Film and Sheeting《塑料薄膜和薄板静态和动态摩擦系数的标准试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D1894-2014 Standard Test Method for Static and Kinetic Coefficients of Friction of Plastic Film and Sheeting《塑料薄膜和薄板静态和动态摩擦系数的标准试验方法》.pdf(7页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D1894 14Standard Test Method forStatic and Kinetic Coefficients of Friction of Plastic Film andSheeting1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1894; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the yea
2、r of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers de
3、termination of the coefficientsof starting and sliding friction of plastic film and sheeting whensliding over itself or other substances at specified test condi-tions. The procedure permits the use of a stationary sled witha moving plane, or a moving sled with a stationary plane. Bothprocedures yiel
4、d the same coefficients of friction values for agiven sample.NOTE 1For the frictional characteristics of plastic films partiallywrapped around a cylinder, or capstan, see Test Method G143 under thejurisdiction of ASTM Subcommittee G02.50.1.2 Test data obtained by this test method is relevant andappr
5、opriate for use in engineering design.1.2.1 As an option to this test, coefficient of friction may berun at temperatures other than 23C by heating only the planewhile the sled is at ambient temperature.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values given in parentheses a
6、re for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior
7、 to use. For a specificprecautionary statement, see the end of 6.5.NOTE 2This test method is not equivalent to ISO 82951995, andresults cannot be directly compared between the two methods.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD883 Terminology R
8、elating to PlasticsD1894 Test Method for Static and Kinetic Coefficients ofFriction of Plastic Film and SheetingD3574 Test Methods for Flexible Cellular MaterialsSlab,Bonded, and Molded Urethane FoamsD4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materi-alsE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Prec
9、ision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test MethodG143 Test Method for Measurement of Web/Roller FrictionCharacteristics2.2 ISO Standard:ISO 8295199533. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 friction, nresistance to relative
10、motion between twobodies in contact.3.1.1.1 coeffcient of frictionthe ratio of the force requiredto move one surface over another to the total force appliednormal to those surfaces.3.1.1.2 kinetic coeffcient of frictionthe ratio of the forcerequired to move one surface over another to the total forc
11、eapplied normal to those surfaces, once that motion is inprogress.3.1.1.3 static coeffcient of frictionthe ratio of the forcerequired to move one surface over another to the total forceapplied normal to those surfaces, at the instant motion starts.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3
12、.2.1 slipin plastic films, lubricity of two surfaces slidingin contact with each other.4. Significance and Use4.1 Measurements of frictional properties may be made on afilm or sheeting specimen when sliding over itself or over1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plast
13、icsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.19 on Film, Sheeting, andMolded Products.Current edition approved March 1, 2014. Published March 2014. Originallyapproved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D1894 - 111. DOI:10.1520/D1894-14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit
14、 the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York,
15、NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1another substance. The coefficients of friction are related to theslip properties of plastic
16、 films that are of wide interest inpackaging applications. These methods yield empirical data forcontrol purposes in film production. Correlation of test resultswith actual performance can usually be established.4.1.1 This test method includes testing at temperatures otherthan 23C by heating only th
17、e plane while the sled is at ambienttemperature.4.2 Slip properties are generated by additives in someplastic films, for example, polyethylene. These additives havevarying degrees of compatibility with the film matrix. Some ofthem bloom, or exude to the surface, lubricating it and makingit more slip
18、pery. Because this blooming action may not alwaysbe uniform on all areas of the film surface, values from thesetests may be limited in reproducibility.4.3 The frictional properties of plastic film and sheetingmay be dependent on the uniformity of the rate of motionbetween the two surfaces. Care shou
19、ld be exercised to ensurethat the rate of motion of the equipment is as carefullycontrolled as possible.4.4 Data obtained by these procedures may be extremelysensitive to the age of the film or sheet and the condition of thesurfaces. The blooming action of many slip additives istime-dependent. For t
20、his reason, it is sometimes meaningless tocompare slip and friction properties of films or sheets producedat different times, unless it is desired to study this effect.4.5 Frictional and slip properties of plastic film and sheetingare based on measurements of surface phenomena. Whereproducts have be
21、en made by different processes, or even ondifferent machines by the same process, their surfaces may bedependent on the equipment or its running conditions. Suchfactors must be weighed in evaluating data from these meth-ods.4.6 The measurement of the static coefficient of friction ishighly dependent
22、 on the rate of loading and on the amount ofblocking occurring between the loaded sled and the platformdue to variation in time before motion is initiated.4.7 Care should be exercised to make certain that the speedof response of the recorder, either electronic or mechanical, isnot exceeded.4.8 For m
23、any materials, there may be a specification thatrequires the use of this test method, but with some proceduralmodifications that take precedence when adhering to thespecification. Therefore, it is advisable to refer to that materialspecification before using this test method. Table 1 of Classi-ficat
24、ion System D4000 lists the ASTM materials standards thatcurrently exist.5. Apparatus5.1 SledA metal block 63.5-mm (212-in.) square by ap-proximately 6-mm (0.25-in.) thick with a suitable eye screwfastened in one end. When a flexible film (see 6.2)istobeattached, the block shall be wrapped with a spo
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