ASTM D1456-1986(2010) Standard Test Method for Rubber Property&8212 Elongation at Specific Stress《橡胶&8212特性的标准试验方法 特定应力下的延伸》.pdf
《ASTM D1456-1986(2010) Standard Test Method for Rubber Property&8212 Elongation at Specific Stress《橡胶&8212特性的标准试验方法 特定应力下的延伸》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D1456-1986(2010) Standard Test Method for Rubber Property&8212 Elongation at Specific Stress《橡胶&8212特性的标准试验方法 特定应力下的延伸》.pdf(5页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D1456 86 (Reapproved 2010)Standard Test Method forRubber PropertyElongation at Specific Stress1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1456; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last
2、 revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers determination of
3、the elongationof soft vulcanized rubber compounds under a specified stress.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determin
4、e the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1349 Practice for RubberStandard Temperatures forTestingD3182 Practice for RubberMaterials, Equipment, andProcedures for Mixing Standard Compounds and Prepar-ing Standard Vulcanized SheetsD3183 Pr
5、actice for RubberPreparation of Pieces for TestPurposes from Products3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 piecethe portion of the sample that is prepared fortesting.3.1.2 specific stressforce divided by the cross-sectionalarea of the original specimen.4. Summary of
6、Test Method4.1 The test method starts with a piece taken from thesample and includes: (1) the preparation of the specimen and(2) measurement of the elongation of the specimen subjected toa prescribed stress for a specified period of time. The stress isapplied by suspension of a known mass which, und
7、er gravity,gives the desired stress.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is useful for determining the variabilityin material and the influence of parameters affecting thestress-strain properties of rubber vulcanizates, for example,temperature, relative humidity, preconditioning of rubber, an
8、dso forth. This test method is particularly useful for theevaluation of compounding materials used for reference pur-poses.6. Apparatus6.1 Testing MachineTests shall be made on a power-driven machine complying with the following requirements:The machine shall be capable of extending the specimen at
9、auniform speed of between 75 and 90 mm/s (15 and 18 ft/min)until the mass is freely suspended. It shall be equipped with atiming device that automatically starts the instant the mass isfreely suspended by the specimen and signals the operatorwhen the elongation is to be measured. The machine shall h
10、avea millimetre scale and an indicating device so that elongationmeasurements to the nearest millimetre can be made withoutparallax. A holder shall be attached to the lower grip so thatmasses may be added, preferably by an automatic device, toobtain the desired stress. The masses shall correspond to
11、multiples of the force required for 0.01-mm thickness of thespecimen and shall be accurate within the force required for0.002-mm thickness of the specimen. The grips that hold thespecimen in the tester shall be of a type that tightens automati-cally as the applied tension increases and exerts a unif
12、ormpressure across the gripping surfaces. A satisfactory tester,including die and thickness gage, is shown in Fig. 1.6.2 DieThe die shall be capable of cutting straight speci-mens with parallel sides, approximately 150 mm (6 in.) longand within 60.02 mm (60.001 in.) of the specified width forthe spe
13、cimens (see 7.1) at any point along their length. Asuitable die is shown in Fig. 2. This die consists of six strips ofrazor-blade steel, sharpened on one edge, and clamped in arigid mounting. The blades are approximately 150 mm (6 in.)long, 19 mm (0.75 in.) wide, and 0.25 mm (0.010 in.) thick;they a
14、re clamped rigidly between metal spacers to produce thedesired width of specimen and project approximately 3 mm(0.12 in.) above the spacers. The blades can easily be replacedwhen they become dull or nicked.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D11 on Rubberand is the direct r
15、esponsibility of Subcommittee D11.10 on Physical Testing.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2010. Published April 2010. Originallyapproved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D1456 86 (2005).DOI: 10.1520/D1456-86R10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, o
16、rcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.3 Bench MarkerT
17、he bench marker shall have twoparallel knife edges that are ground smooth and true, and thatare between 0.05 and 0.08 mm (0.002 and 0.003 in.) in widthat the edge and beveled at an angle of not more than 15. Thedistances between the centers of the knife edges shall be 100 60.10 mm (3.937 6 0.004 in.
18、). A suitable bench marker isshown in Fig. 3.6.4 Stamp PadThe stamp pad shall have a plane unyield-ing surface such as hardwood, plate glass, or plastic coveredwith a pad containing ink of the desired color and quality formarking the specimen. The ink shall have no deterioratingeffect on the specime
19、n and shall be of a contrasting color to thatof the specimen.6.5 Thickness GageThe thickness gage shall measure theaverage thickness of the specimen between bench marksaccurately to 0.01 mm under a pressure of 22 6 5 kPa (3.2 60.7 psi). It shall be equipped with a dial indicator having0.01-mm gradua
20、tions, where one revolution of the dial corre-sponds to 1 mm, and the total range is 2.5 mm. The indicatorshall be mounted above a specially constructed base equippedwith a pressure bar 100 mm long and slightly wider than thespecimen. The pressure bar is pressed upon the surface of thespecimen by me
21、ans of an adjustable spring. The bar is attachedto a ball joint that possesses sufficient freedom of movement topermit the dial gage to indicate the average thickness of thespecimen. A schematic diagram of the gage is shown in Fig. 4.When the knurled disk, D, is turned so that the handle, H, restsag
22、ainst the pin, P, the notch, N, in the rod, R, is at the top,allowing the spring to pull the pressure bar against thespecimen.6.6 Cutting SupportThe cutting surface shall be a smooth,slightly yielding surface for supporting a portion of the testpiece from which the specimen is to be cut so that the
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