ASTM C717-2013 Standard Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants《建筑物密封件和密封剂的标准术语》.pdf

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1、Designation: C717 12bC717 13Standard Terminology ofBuilding Seals and Sealants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C717; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenth

2、eses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard describes terms and definitions and descriptions of terms used in test methods, specifications, guides, andpractices (related to building

3、seals and sealants) consistent with the scope and areas of interest of ASTM Committee C24.1.2 Definitions and descriptions of terms are written to ensure that building seals and sealants standards are properly understoodand interpreted.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A644 Terminology Rela

4、ting to Iron CastingsC509 Specification for Elastomeric Cellular Preformed Gasket and Sealing MaterialC542 Specification for Lock-Strip GasketsC716 Specification for Installing Lock-Strip Gaskets and Infill Glazing MaterialsC790 Guide for Use of Latex Sealants (Withdrawn 1992)3C797 Practices for Use

5、 of Oil- and Resin-Based Putty and Glazing Compounds (Withdrawn 2002)3C961 Test Method for Lap Shear Strength of SealantsC964 Guide for Lock-Strip Gasket GlazingC1021 Practice for Laboratories Engaged in Testing of Building SealantsC1193 Guide for Use of Joint SealantsD883 Terminology Relating to Pl

6、asticsD1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and WaterproofingD1565 Specification for Flexible Cellular Materials-Vinyl Chloride Polymers and Copolymers (Open-Cell Foam) (Withdrawn1998)3D1566 Terminology Relating to RubberD2102 Test Method for Shrinkage of Textile Fibers (Bundle Test)E631 Terminology

7、 of Building Constructions3. Significance and Use3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Terms and their related standard definitions in Section 4 are intended for use uniformly and consistently in all buildingseals and sealants test methods, specifications, guides, and practices. The purpose of such use is to promot

8、e a clear understandingand interpretation of the standards in which they are used.3.1.2 Definitions of terms are written in the broadest sense possible, consistent with the intended meaning. Definitions have notbeen limited to a specific technical field when they can have a multi-field application.3

9、.1.3 The definition of a term that can have different meanings in different technical fields is preceded by a phrase limiting itto the specific field intended, that is, “in building construction.”3.2 Description of Terms:1 This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C24 on Building

10、Seals and Sealants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C24.01 onTerminology of Building Seals and Sealants.The boldface designations refer to the original source of the definition and the ASTM Technical Committee having jurisdiction.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2012Nov. 1, 2013. Pub

11、lished December 2012November 2013. Originally approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2012 asC717 12a.C717 12b. DOI: 10.1520/C0717-12B.10.1520/C0717-13.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book

12、 of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indicatio

13、n of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be consid

14、ered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.2.1 Descriptions of Terms are special purpose definitions intended to provide a precise understanding and interpretation of theseals and sealants standards i

15、n which they are used.3.2.2 A specific description of a term is applicable to the standard or standards in which the term is described and used.3.2.3 Each standard in which a term is used, in a specially defined manner, should list the term and its description under thesubheading, descriptions of te

16、rms.4. Terminology4.1 Terms and Definitions:adhesion failure, nin building construction, failure of the bond between a sealant and a substrate.DISCUSSIONThis definition pertains to interfacial adhesion failure, a lack of bond at the interface between the materials. Interphasal adhesion failure, with

17、in thesealant or substrate near the interface, is less common and may appear to be interfacial without the use of magnification.adhesive failure, nuse adhesion failure (preferred term).aerosol container, empty, nin building construction, an aerosol container is considered empty when the product flow

18、 reaches0.5 g per second or less.back bedding,nSee bedding.back putty,nSee bedding.back-up materialSee sealant backing.bead, nin building construction, in sealants and glazing, a strip of applied sealant, glazing compound, or putty.bed, vin building construction in glazing, to apply a bead of sealan

19、t between a lite of glass or a panel and the stationary stopsor sight bars of the sash or frame.bed,nSee bedding.bedding, nin building construction in glazing, a bead of sealant applied between a lite of glass or a panel and the stationary stopor sight bar of the sash or frame. It is usually the fir

20、st bead to be applied when setting glass or panels.bite, nin building construction in glazing, the effective structural contact dimension of a structural sealant. (See Fig. 1 and Fig.2.)bloom, nin building construction, a substance formed by blooming.blooming, vin building construction, movement or

21、diffusion of a component such as a plasticizer, monomer, unreacted polymeror other formulation ingredient to a seal or sealant surface.bond breakerin building construction, a material to prevent adhesion at a designated interface.Fig. 3.)caulk, vin building construction, to install or apply a sealan

22、t across or into a joint, crack, or crevice.caulk,nSee sealant.caulking,nSee sealant.caulking compound,nSee sealant.cell, na single small cavity surrounded partially or completely by walls. D1566; D11cellular material, na generic term for materials containing many cells (either open, closed, or both

23、) dispersed through the mass.D1565, D1566; D11chalk, nin building construction, a powder formed by chalkingDISCUSSIONThe powder is not necessarily white.chalking, vin building construction, formation of a powder on the surface of a sealant that is caused by the disintegration of thepolymer or bindin

24、g medium due to weathering.DISCUSSIONChalk on a light color sealant is often white, however a darker color can also exhibit chalking.C717 132closed cell, na cell totally enclosed by its walls and hence not interconnecting with other cells. D883; D20closed cell material, na cellular material in which

25、 substantially all cells in the mass are closed cells.cohesive failure, nin building construction, failure characterized by rupture within the sealant, adhesive, or patibility, nin building construction, the capability of two or more materials to be placed in contact, or near enough tointeract, with

26、 no detrimental patible materials, nSee pound, nan intimate mixture of all the ingredients necessary for a finished material or product.crazed, adjin building construction, having a random network of cracks in a sealant surface which do not penetrate through thebody of the material.crazed, adjin bui

27、lding construction, exhibiting crazing.crazing, nin building construction, a network of fine cracks in the surface of a sealant.DISCUSSIONFIG. 1 Typical Structural Sealant Joint ConfigurationsC717 133Crazing may or may not affect product performance.crazing, vin building construction, the formation

28、of a network of random surface cracks in a sealant.creep, nthe time dependent part of a strain resulting from stress. D1079; D08cure, vin building construction, to attain the intended performance properties of a compound by means of evaporation, chemicalreaction, heat, radiation, or combinations the

29、reof.cure, nin building construction, the process by which a compound attains its intended performance properties by means ofevaporation, chemical reaction, heat, radiation, or combinations thereof.cure time, functional, nin building construction, the period between application and the point in time

30、 that a sealant attainsproperties necessary to perform a specific function or in a given application.DISCUSSIONFIG. 2 Applied Load Transfer at a Vertical Corner Structural Sealant Joint (see Fig. 1 for Legend)C717 134Functional cure time does not imply complete development of chemical, physical, or

31、mechanical properties.cure time, laboratory, nin building construction, the period between application and the point in time when laboratory testingof a sealant begins as set forth in the procedure of a test method.cured, adjin building construction, pertaining to the state of a compound that has at

32、tained its intended performance propertiesby means of evaporation, chemical reaction, heat, radiation, or combinations thereof.design life, nin building construction, the period of time after installation during which a seal or sealant is expected to performits stated intended function(s) with prope

33、r maintenance.DISCUSSIONProper maintenance includes, among others, replacement of discrete localized failures.dirt pick-up, nin building construction, soiling caused by a foreign material other than micro-organism growth that is depositedon, adhered to, or embedded into a sealant.DISCUSSIONMicro-org

34、anism growth can produce a similar appearance.durabilityin building construction, the ability of a seal or sealant to perform its required functions over a period of time withinthe environment to which it is exposed.DISCUSSIONA seal or sealants required functions may include aesthetic, economic, and

35、 functional performance considerations, among others.durability limit, nsee the preferred term, service life.elastomer, nfor gaskets and couplings for plumbing and sewer piping, a macromolecular material that returns rapidly toapproximately its original dimensions and shape after substantial deforma

36、tion by a weak force and release of the force.DISCUSSIONa) Elastomers are divided into two major polymer systems-thermoset and theromplastic. b) In standards for rubber, the word elastomer is not to beused interchangeably for the term “rubber”. D1566; D11elastomer, nin building construction in glazi

37、ng, a macromolecular material, which deformed within its service temperaturerange, is capable of recovering substantially in size and shape after removal of a deforming force.elastomer, thermoplastic, na material having the general properties of an elastomer and capable of being repeatedly softenedb

38、y heat and hardened to shape by cooling without significant degradation of the polymer system.DISCUSSIONThermoplastic elastomers have some of the properties of thermoset elastomers, but are typically more thermally and pressure sensitive and moresensitive to solvents.elastomer, thermoset, nan elasto

39、meric material that attains its intended properties by an irreversible cross-linking reactioncaused by heat alone, heat with a cross-linking agent, chemical interaction, or by radiation; whereby after cross-linking, anyreprocessing with heat and pressure will severely degrade the material.DISCUSSION

40、ASealantBSealant backingCBond breakerDJointESubstrate faceFSubstrate edgeFIG. 3 Butt Sealant JointC717 135Cross-linking renders the material substantially insoluble in organic solvents (can swell), less plastic, and with improved elastic and mechanicalproperties (compared to its uncured state) over

41、an extended temperature range.elastomeric, adjhaving the characteristics of an elastomer.elongation, nextension produced by a tensile stress. D1566; D11extrudability, nin building construction, the ability of a sealant under pressure to flow through an orifice.flow, vin building construction, the de

42、formation of a tape sealant under stress.fluid migration, nin building construction, accumulation of a fluid from a sealant on or in an adjacent material.DISCUSSIONMigration of a non-fluid component can also occur.gasket, nany preformed, deformable device designed to be placed between two adjoining

43、parts to provide a seal.gasket, compression, na gasket designed to be used under compression.gasket, lock-strip, nin building construction, a gasket in which sealing pressure is attained by inserting a keyed locking stripinto a mating keyed groove in one face of the gasket.glazing, vin building cons

44、truction, the installation of glass or other materials in prepared openings.glazing, butt, nin building construction, a glazing system wherein butt joints are formed between lites and filled with a glazingsealant.glazing, compression,nsee glazing system, compression.glazing, compression, vin buildin

45、g construction, the act of installing components into a compression glazing system.glazing, construction site, nin building construction, the installation of glass or panels into a metal framing system, at aconstruction site, under generally uncontrolled environmental conditions.glazing, face, nthe

46、method of glazing in which a rabbeted glazing recess, with no removable stop, is used and a triangular beadof compound is applied to the face of the lite and extended onto the recess.glazing, factory,nSee glazing, shop.glazing, field,nSee glazing, construction site.glazing, four-side structural seal

47、ant, nin building construction, a glazing system wherein all sides of a rectangular-shaped liteor panel are structural sealant glazed.glazing, needlein building construction, the application of a small bead of a sealant at the sight line adhering to the sash andglass or panel by means of a nozzle wi

48、th an orifice not exceeding 3.18 mm 18 in. in diameter.glazing, non-compression,nsee glazing system, non-compression.glazing, non-compression, vin building construction, the act of installing components into a non-compression glazing system.glazing, protective, nin building construction, systems wit

49、h glazed openings that are designed to mitigate the effects of bombblasts, projectiles, natural disasters, or forced entry.DISCUSSIONProtective glazing systems assist in the mitigation of the potential for hazardous debris dispersal from natural disasters, withstand projectile impactand resist unauthorized human entry through glazed openings. Protective glazing systems include the selection of an appropriate glazing material, thedesign of metal