ASTM C717-2012 Standard Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants《建筑物密封件和密封剂的标准术语》.pdf

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1、Designation:C71711a Designation: C717 12Standard Terminology ofBuilding Seals and Sealants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C717; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A numbe

2、r in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard describes terms and definitions and descriptions of terms used or likely to be used in test methods,specifications, guides, an

3、d practices (related to building seals and sealants) consistent with the scope and areas of interest ofASTMCommittee C24.1.2 Definitions and descriptions of terms are written to ensure that building seals and sealants standards are properly understoodand interpreted.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM S

4、tandards:2A644 Terminology Relating to Iron CastingsC509 Specification for Elastomeric Cellular Preformed Gasket and Sealing MaterialC542 Specification for Lock-Strip GasketsC716 Specification for Installing Lock-Strip Gaskets and Infill Glazing MaterialsC790 Guide for Use of Latex Sealants3C797 Pra

5、ctices for Use of Oil- and Resin-Based Putty and Glazing CompoundsC961 Test Method for Lap Shear Strength of SealantsC964 Guide for Lock-Strip Gasket GlazingC1021 Practice for Laboratories Engaged in Testing of Building SealantsC1193 Guide for Use of Joint SealantsD883 Terminology Relating to Plasti

6、csD1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and WaterproofingD1565 Specification for Flexible Cellular MaterialsVinyl Chloride Polymers and Copolymers (Open-Cell Foam)3D1566 Terminology Relating to RubberD2102 Test Method for Shrinkage of Textile Fibers (Bundle Test)E631 Terminology of Building Construc

7、tions3. Significance and Use3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Terms and their related standard definitions in Section 4 are intended for use uniformly and consistently in all buildingseals and sealants test methods, specifications, guides, and practices. The purpose of such use is to promote a clear understandi

8、ngand interpretation of the standards in which they are used.3.1.2 Definitions of terms are written in the broadest sense possible, consistent with the intended meaning. Definitions have notbeen limited to a specific technical field when they can have a multi-field application.3.1.3 The definition o

9、f a term that can have different meanings in different technical fields is preceded by a phrase limiting itto the specific field intended, that is, “in building construction.”3.2 Description of Terms:3.2.1 Descriptions of Terms are special purpose definitions intended to provide a precise understand

10、ing and interpretation of theseals and sealants standards in which they are used.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C24 on Building Seals and Sealants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C24.01 onTerminology of Building Seals and Sealants.The boldface designat

11、ions refer to the original source of the definition and the ASTM Technical Committee having jurisdiction.Current edition approved March 1, 2011.Jan. 15, 2012. Published March 2011.February 2012. Originally approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2011 asC717 11a. DOI: 10.1520/C0717-11A.10

12、.1520/C0717-12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of thi

13、s historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.1This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes acc

14、urately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United St

15、ates.3.2.2 A specific description of a term is applicable to the standard or standards in which the term is described and used.3.2.3 Each standard in which a term is used, in a specially defined manner, should list the term and its description under thesubheading, descriptions of terms.4. Terminolog

16、y4.1 Terms and Definitions:adhesion failure, nin building construction, failure of the bond between a sealant and a substrate.DISCUSSIONThis definition pertains to interfacial adhesion failure, a lack of bond at the interface between the materials. Interphasal adhesion failure,within the sealant or

17、substrate near the interface, is less common and may appear to be interfacial without the use of magnification.adhesive failure, nuse adhesion failure (preferred term).aerosol container, empty, nin building construction, an aerosol container is considered empty when the product flow reaches0.5 g per

18、 second or less.back bedding, nSee bedding.back putty, nSee bedding.back-up materialSee sealant backing.bead, nin building construction, in sealants and glazing, a strip of applied sealant, glazing compound, or putty.bed, vin building construction in glazing, to apply a bead of sealant between a lit

19、e of glass or a panel and the stationary stopsor sight bars of the sash or frame.bed, nSee bedding.bedding, nin building construction in glazing, a bead of sealant applied between a lite of glass or a panel and the stationary stopor sight bar of the sash or frame. It is usually the first bead to be

20、applied when setting glass or panels.bite, nin building construction in glazing, the effective structural contact dimension of a structural sealant. (See Fig. 1 and Fig.2.)bloom, nin building construction, a substance formed by blooming.blooming, vin building construction, movement or diffusion of a

21、 component such as a plasticizer, monomer, unreacted polymeror other formulation ingredient to a sealant surface.bond breakerin building construction, a material to prevent adhesion at a designated interface.Fig. 3.)caulk, vin building construction, to install or apply a sealant across or into a joi

22、nt, crack, or crevice.caulk, nSee sealant.caulking, nSee sealant.caulking compound, nSee sealant.cell, na single small cavity surrounded partially or completely by walls. D1566; D11cellular material, na generic term for materials containing many cells (either open, closed, or both) dispersed through

23、 the mass.D1565, D1566; D11chalk, nin building construction, a powder formed by chalkingDISCUSSIONThe powder is not necessarily white.chalking, vin building construction, formation of a powder on the surface of a sealant that is caused by the disintegration ofthe polymer or binding medium due to wea

24、thering.DISCUSSIONChalk on a light color sealant is often white, however a darker color can also exhibit chalking.closed cell, na cell totally enclosed by its walls and hence not interconnecting with other cells. D883; D20closed cell material, na cellular material in which substantially all cells in

25、 the mass are closed cells.cohesive failure, nin building construction, failure characterized by rupture within the sealant, adhesive, or patibility, nin building construction, the capability of two or more materials to be placed in contact, or near enough tointeract, with no detrimental patible mat

26、erials, nSee pound, nan intimate mixture of all the ingredients necessary for a finished material or product.crazed, adjin building construction, having a random network of cracks in a sealant surface which do not penetrate through thebody of the material.crazed, adjin building construction, exhibit

27、ing crazing.crazing, nin building construction, a network of fine cracks in the surface of a sealant.DISCUSSIONCrazing may or may not affect product performance.crazing, vin building construction, the formation of a network of random surface cracks in a sealant.creep, nthe time dependent part of a s

28、train resulting from stress. D1079; D08cure, vin building construction, to attain the intended performance properties of a compound by means of evaporation, chemicalreaction, heat, radiation, or combinations thereof.C717 122cure, nin building construction, the process by which a compound attains its

29、 intended performance properties by means ofevaporation, chemical reaction, heat, radiation, or combinations thereof.cure time, laboratory, nin building construction, the period between application and the point in time when laboratory testingof a sealant begins as set forth in the procedure of a te

30、st method.cured, adjin building construction, pertaining to the state of a compound that has attained its intended performance propertiesby means of evaporation, chemical reaction, heat, radiation, or combinations thereof.design life, n in building construction, the period of time after installation

31、 during which a seal or sealant is expected to performits stated intended function(s) with proper maintenance.DISCUSSIONProper maintenance includes, among others, replacement of discrete localized failures.dirt pick-up, n in building construction, soiling caused by a foreign material other than micr

32、o-organism growth that is depositedon, adhered to, or embedded into a sealant.DISCUSSIONMicro-organism growth can produce a similar appearance.durabilityin building construction, the ability of a seal or sealant to perform its required functions over a period of time withinthe environment to which i

33、t is exposed.DISCUSSIONA seal or sealants required functions may include aesthetic, economic, and functional performance considerations, among others.durability limit, nsee the preferred term, service life.FIG. 1 Typical Structural Sealant Joint ConfigurationsC717 123elastomer, nfor gaskets and coup

34、lings for plumbing and sewer piping, a macromolecular material that returns rapidly toapproximately its original dimensions and shape after substantial deformation by a weak force and release of the force.DISCUSSIONa) Elastomers are divided into two major polymer systems-thermoset and theromplastic.

35、 b) In standards for rubber, the word elastomeris not to be used interchangeably for the term “rubber”. D1566; D11elastomer, nin building construction in glazing, a macromolecular material, which deformed within its service temperaturerange, is capable of recovering substantially in size and shape a

36、fter removal of a deforming force.elastomer, thermoplastic, na material having the general properties of an elastomer and capable of being repeatedly softenedby heat and hardened to shape by cooling without significant degradation of the polymer system.DISCUSSIONThermoplastic elastomers have some of

37、 the properties of thermoset elastomers, but are typically more thermally and pressure sensitiveand more sensitive to solvents.elastomer, thermoset, nan elastomeric material that attains its intended properties by an irreversible cross-linking reactioncaused by heat alone, heat with a cross-linking

38、agent, chemical interaction, or by radiation; whereby after cross-linking, anyreprocessing with heat and pressure will severely degrade the material.DISCUSSIONCross-linking renders the material substantially insoluble in organic solvents (can swell), less plastic, and with improved elastic andmechan

39、ical properties (compared to its uncured state) over an extended temperature range.elastomeric, adjhaving the characteristics of an elastomer.elongation, nextension produced by a tensile stress. D1566; D11extrudability, nin building construction, the ability of a sealant under pressure to flow throu

40、gh an orifice.flow, vin building construction, the deformation of a tape sealant under stress.fluid migration, nin building construction, accumulation of a fluid from a sealant on or in an adjacent material.DISCUSSIONMigration of a non-fluid component can also occur.gasket, nany preformed, deformabl

41、e device designed to be placed between two adjoining parts to provide a seal.gasket, compression, na gasket designed to be used under compression.gasket, lock-strip, nin building construction, a gasket in which sealing pressure is attained by inserting a keyed locking stripinto a mating keyed groove

42、 in one face of the gasket.glazing, vin building construction, the installation of glass or other materials in prepared openings.glazing, butt, nin building construction, a glazing system wherein butt joints are formed between lites and filled with a glazingsealant.glazing, compression, nsee glazing

43、 system, compression.glazing, compression, vin building construction, the act of installing components into a compression glazing system.glazing, construction site, nin building construction, the installation of glass or panels into a metal framing system, at aconstruction site, under generally unco

44、ntrolled environmental conditions.glazing, face, nthe method of glazing in which a rabbeted glazing recess, with no removable stop, is used and a triangular beadof compound is applied to the face of the lite and extended onto the recess.FIG. 2 Applied Load Transfer at a Vertical Corner Structural Se

45、alant Joint (see Fig. 1 for Legend)C717 124glazing, factory, nSee glazing, shop.glazing, field, nSee glazing, construction site.glazing, four-side structural sealant, nin building construction, a glazing system wherein all sides of a rectangular-shaped liteor panel are structural sealant glazed.glaz

46、ing, needlein building construction, the application of a small bead of a sealant at the sight line adhering to the sash andglass or panel by means of a nozzle with an orifice not exceeding 3.18 mm 18 in. in diameter.glazing, non-compression, nsee glazing system, non-compression.glazing, non-compres

47、sion, vin building construction, the act of installing components into a non-compression glazing system.glazing, protective, nin building construction, systems with glazed openings that are designed to mitigate the effects of bombblasts, projectiles, natural disasters, or forced entry.DISCUSSIONProt

48、ective glazing systems assist in the mitigation of the potential for hazardous debris dispersal from natural disasters, withstandprojectile impact and resist unauthorized human entry through glazed openings. Protective glazing systems include the selection of an appropriateglazing material, the desi

49、gn of metal framing members and their anchorages, and the retention of the glazing material within the framing all to resista specified threat.glazing, shop, nin building construction, the installation of glass or panels into a metal framing system under controlledenvironmental conditions.DISCUSSIONShop glazing typically occurs at a location remote to a construction site. However, shop glazing can be performed at the constructionsite if acceptable to the c