ASTM C717-2011 Standard Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants《建筑用密封件和密封剂的标准术语》.pdf

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1、Designation:C717101Designation: C717 11Standard Terminology ofBuilding Seals and Sealants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C717; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number

2、 in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTETerms were realigned in December 2010.1. Scope1.1 This standard describes terms and definitions and descriptions of terms used or likely to be used

3、in test methods,specifications, guides, and practices (related to building seals and sealants) consistent with the scope and areas of interest ofASTMCommittee C24.1.2 Definitions and descriptions of terms are written to ensure that building seals and sealants standards are properly understoodand int

4、erpreted.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A644 Terminology Relating to Iron CastingsC509 Specification for Elastomeric Cellular Preformed Gasket and Sealing MaterialC542 Specification for Lock-Strip GasketsC716 Specification for Installing Lock-Strip Gaskets and Infill Glazing MaterialsC79

5、0 Guide for Use of Latex Sealants3C797 Practices for Use of Oil- and Resin-Based Putty and Glazing CompoundsC961 Test Method for Lap Shear Strength of SealantsC964 Guide for Lock-Strip Gasket GlazingC1021 Practice for Laboratories Engaged in Testing of Building SealantsC1193 Guide for Use of Joint S

6、ealantsD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and WaterproofingD1565 Specification for Flexible Cellular MaterialsVinyl Chloride Polymers and Copolymers (Open-Cell Foam)3D1566 Terminology Relating to RubberD2102 Test Method for Shrinkage of Textile Fibers (Bundle

7、Test)E631 Terminology of Building Constructions3. Significance and Use3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Terms and their related standard definitions in Section 4 are intended for use uniformly and consistently in all buildingseals and sealants test methods, specifications, guides, and practices. The purpose of

8、such use is to promote a clear understandingand interpretation of the standards in which they are used.3.1.2 Definitions of terms are written in the broadest sense possible, consistent with the intended meaning. Definitions have notbeen limited to a specific technical field when they can have a mult

9、i-field application.3.1.3 The definition of a term that can have different meanings in different technical fields is preceded by a phrase limiting itto the specific field intended, that is, “in building construction.”1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C24 on Building Seals

10、 and Sealants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C24.01 onTerminology of Building Seals and Sealants.The boldface designations refer to the original source of the definition and the ASTM Technical Committee having jurisdiction.Current edition approved June 15, 2010. Published August 20

11、10. Originally approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C71709. DOI:10.1520/C0717-10.Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2011. Published February 2011. Originally approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C717 10#1. DOI:10.1520/C0717-11.2For referenced ASTM standar

12、ds, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.

13、astm.org.1This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult

14、 prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.2 Description of Terms:3.2.1 Descrip

15、tions of Terms are special purpose definitions intended to provide a precise understanding and interpretation of theseals and sealants standards in which they are used.3.2.2 A specific description of a term is applicable to the standard or standards in which the term is described and used.3.2.3 Each

16、 standard in which a term is used, in a specially defined manner, should list the term and its description under thesubheading, descriptions of terms.4. Terminology4.1 Terms and Definitions:adhesion failure, nin building construction, failure of the bond between a sealant and a substrate.DISCUSSIONT

17、his definition pertains to interfacial adhesion failure, a lack of bond at the interface between the materials. Interphasal adhesion failure,within the sealant or substrate near the interface, is less common and may appear to be interfacial without the use of magnification.adhesive failure, nuse adh

18、esion failure (preferred term).aerosol container, empty, nin building construction, an aerosol container is considered empty when the product flow reaches0.5 g per second or less.back bedding, nSee bedding.back putty, nSee bedding.back-up materialSee sealant backing.bead, nin building construction,

19、in sealants and glazing, a strip of applied sealant, glazing compound, or putty.bed, vin building construction in glazing, to apply a bead of sealant between a lite of glass or a panel and the stationary stopsor sight bars of the sash or frame.bed, nSee bedding.bedding, nin building construction in

20、glazing, a bead of sealant applied between a lite of glass or a panel and the stationary stopor sight bar of the sash or frame. It is usually the first bead to be applied when setting glass or panels.bite, nin building construction in glazing, the effective structural contact dimension of a structur

21、al sealant. (See Fig. 1 and Fig.2.)bloom, nin building construction, a substance formed by blooming.blooming, vin building construction, movement or diffusion of a component such as a plasticizer, monomer, unreacted polymeror other formulation ingredient to a sealant surface.bond breakerin building

22、construction, a material to prevent adhesion at a designated interface.Fig. 3.)caulk, vin building construction, to install or apply a sealant across or into a joint, crack, or crevice.caulk, nSee sealant.caulking, nSee sealant.caulking compound, nSee sealant.cell, na single small cavity surrounded

23、partially or completely by walls. D1566; D11cellular material, na generic term for materials containing many cells (either open, closed, or both) dispersed through the mass.D1565, D1566; D11chalk, nin building construction, a powder formed by chalkingDISCUSSIONThe powder is not necessarily white.cha

24、lking, vin building construction, formation of a powder on the surface of a sealant that is caused by the disintegration ofthe polymer or binding medium due to weathering.DISCUSSIONChalk on a light color sealant is often white, however a darker color can also exhibit chalking.closed cell, na cell to

25、tally enclosed by its walls and hence not interconnecting with other cells. D883; D20closed cell material, na cellular material in which substantially all cells in the mass are closed cells.cohesive failure, nin building construction, failure characterized by rupture within the sealant, adhesive, or

26、 patibility, nin building construction, the capability of two or more materials to be placed in contact, or near enough tointeract, with no detrimental patible materials, nSee pound, nan intimate mixture of all the ingredients necessary for a finished material or product.crazed, adjin building const

27、ruction, having a random network of cracks in a sealant surface which do not penetrate through thebody of the material.crazed, adjin building construction, exhibiting crazing.crazing, nin building construction, a network of fine cracks in the surface of a sealant.DISCUSSIONCrazing may or may not aff

28、ect product performance.crazing, vin building construction, the formation of a network of random surface cracks in a sealant.C717 112creep, nthe time dependent part of a strain resulting from stress. D1079; D08cure, vin building construction, to attain the intended performance properties of a compou

29、nd by means of evaporation, chemicalreaction, heat, radiation, or combinations thereof.cure, nin building construction, the process by which a compound attains its intended performance properties by means ofevaporation, chemical reaction, heat, radiation, or combinations thereof.cured, adjin buildin

30、g construction, pertaining to the state of a compound that has attained its intended performance propertiesby means of evaporation, chemical reaction, heat, radiation, or combinations thereof.dirt pick-up, n in building construction, soiling caused by a foreign material other than micro-organism gro

31、wth that is depositedon, adhered to, or embedded into a sealant.DISCUSSIONMicro-organism growth can produce a similar appearance.durabilityin building construction, the ability of a seal or sealant to perform its required functions over a period of time withinthe environment to which it is exposed.D

32、ISCUSSIONA seal or sealants required functions may include aesthetic, economic, and functional performance considerations, among others.durability limit, nsee the preferred term, service life.elastomer, nfor gaskets and couplings for plumbing and sewer piping, a macromolecular material that returns

33、rapidly toapproximately its original dimensions and shape after substantial deformation by a weak force and release of the force.FIG. 1 Typical Structural Sealant Joint ConfigurationsC717 113DISCUSSIONa) Elastomers are divided into two major polymer systems-thermoset and theromplastic. b) In standar

34、ds for rubber, the word elastomeris not to be used interchangeably for the term “rubber”. D1566; D11elastomer, nin building construction in glazing, a macromolecular material, which deformed within its service temperaturerange, is capable of recovering substantially in size and shape after removal o

35、f a deforming force.elastomer, thermoplastic, na material having the general properties of an elastomer and capable of being repeatedly softenedby heat and hardened to shape by cooling without significant degradation of the polymer system.DISCUSSIONThermoplastic elastomers have some of the propertie

36、s of thermoset elastomers, but are typically more thermally and pressure sensitiveand more sensitive to solvents.elastomer, thermoset, nan elastomeric material that attains its intended properties by an irreversible cross-linking reactioncaused by heat alone, heat with a cross-linking agent, chemica

37、l interaction, or by radiation; whereby after cross-linking, anyreprocessing with heat and pressure will severely degrade the material.DISCUSSIONCross-linking renders the material substantially insoluble in organic solvents (can swell), less plastic, and with improved elastic andmechanical propertie

38、s (compared to its uncured state) over an extended temperature range.elastomeric, adjhaving the characteristics of an elastomer.elongation, nextension produced by a tensile stress. D1566; D11extrudability, nin building construction, the ability of a sealant under pressure to flow through an orifice.

39、flow, vin building construction, the deformation of a tape sealant under stress.fluid migration, nin building construction, accumulation of a fluid from a sealant on or in an adjacent material.DISCUSSIONMigration of a non-fluid component can also occur.gasket, nany preformed, deformable device desig

40、ned to be placed between two adjoining parts to provide a seal.gasket, compression, na gasket designed to be used under compression.gasket, lock-strip, nin building construction, a gasket in which sealing pressure is attained by inserting a keyed locking stripinto a mating keyed groove in one face o

41、f the gasket.glazing, vin building construction, the installation of glass or other materials in prepared openings.glazing, butt, nin building construction, a glazing system wherein butt joints are formed between lites and filled with a glazingsealant.glazing, compression, nsee glazing system, compr

42、ession.glazing, compression, vin building construction, the act of installing components into a compression glazing system.glazing, construction site, nin building construction, the installation of glass or panels into a metal framing system, at aconstruction site, under generally uncontrolled envir

43、onmental conditions.glazing, face, nthe method of glazing in which a rabbeted glazing recess, with no removable stop, is used and a triangular beadof compound is applied to the face of the lite and extended onto the recess.glazing, factory, nSee glazing, shop.FIG. 2 Applied Load Transfer at a Vertic

44、al Corner Structural Sealant Joint (see Fig. 1 for Legend)C717 114glazing, field, nSee glazing, construction site.glazing, four-side structural sealant, nin building construction, a glazing system wherein all sides of a rectangular-shaped liteor panel are structural sealant glazed.glazing, needlein

45、building construction, the application of a small bead of a sealant at the sight line adhering to the sash andglass or panel by means of a nozzle with an orifice not exceeding 3.18 mm 18 in. in diameter.glazing, non-compression, nsee glazing system, non-compression.glazing, non-compression, vin buil

46、ding construction, the act of installing components into a non-compression glazing system.glazing, protective, nin building construction, systems with glazed openings that are designed to mitigate the effects of bombblasts, projectiles, natural disasters, or forced entry.DISCUSSIONProtective glazing

47、 systems assist in the mitigation of the potential for hazardous debris dispersal from natural disasters, withstandprojectile impact and resist unauthorized human entry through glazed openings. Protective glazing systems include the selection of an appropriateglazing material, the design of metal fr

48、aming members and their anchorages, and the retention of the glazing material within the framing all to resista specified threat.glazing, shop, nin building construction, the installation of glass or panels into a metal framing system under controlledenvironmental conditions.DISCUSSIONShop glazing t

49、ypically occurs at a location remote to a construction site. However, shop glazing can be performed at the constructionsite if acceptable to the code authority and provided appropriate management controls and environmental conditions are maintained.glazing, stoplessSee glazing, structural sealant, the preferred term.ASealantBSealant backingCBond breakerDJointESubstrate faceFSubstrate edgeFIG. 3 Butt Sealant JointC717 115DISCUSSIONInappropriately