ASTM C717-2010e1 Standard Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants《建筑用密封件和密封剂的标准术语》.pdf

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1、Designation: C717 101Standard Terminology ofBuilding Seals and Sealants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C717; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses in

2、dicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTETerms were realigned in December 2010.1. Scope1.1 This standard describes terms and definitions and de-scriptions of terms used or likely to be used in test methods,s

3、pecifications, guides, and practices (related to building sealsand sealants) consistent with the scope and areas of interest ofASTM Committee C24.1.2 Definitions and descriptions of terms are written toensure that building seals and sealants standards are properlyunderstood and interpreted.2. Refere

4、nced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A644 Terminology Relating to Iron CastingsC509 Specification for Elastomeric Cellular PreformedGasket and Sealing MaterialC542 Specification for Lock-Strip GasketsC716 Specification for Installing Lock-Strip Gaskets andInfill Glazing MaterialsC790 Guide for Use of L

5、atex Sealants3C797 Practices for Use of Oil- and Resin-Based Putty andGlazing Compounds3C961 Test Method for Lap Shear Strength of SealantsC964 Guide for Lock-Strip Gasket GlazingC1021 Practice for Laboratories Engaged in Testing ofBuilding SealantsC1193 Guide for Use of Joint SealantsD883 Terminolo

6、gy Relating to PlasticsD1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and WaterproofingD1565 Specification for Flexible Cellular MaterialsVinylChloride Polymers and Copolymers (Open-Cell Foam)3D1566 Terminology Relating to RubberD2102 Test Method for Shrinkage of Textile Fibers (BundleTest)E631 Terminology o

7、f Building Constructions3. Significance and Use3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Terms and their related standard definitions in Section4 are intended for use uniformly and consistently in all buildingseals and sealants test methods, specifications, guides, andpractices. The purpose of such use is to promote a

8、clearunderstanding and interpretation of the standards in which theyare used.3.1.2 Definitions of terms are written in the broadest sensepossible, consistent with the intended meaning. Definitionshave not been limited to a specific technical field when theycan have a multi-field application.3.1.3 Th

9、e definition of a term that can have differentmeanings in different technical fields is preceded by a phraselimiting it to the specific field intended, that is, “in buildingconstruction.”3.2 Description of Terms:3.2.1 Descriptions of Terms are special purpose definitionsintended to provide a precise

10、 understanding and interpretationof the seals and sealants standards in which they are used.3.2.2 A specific description of a term is applicable to thestandard or standards in which the term is described and used.3.2.3 Each standard in which a term is used, in a speciallydefined manner, should list

11、the term and its description underthe subheading, descriptions of terms.4. Terminology4.1 Terms and Definitions:adhesion failure, nin building construction, failure of thebond between a sealant and a substrate.DISCUSSIONThis definition pertains to interfacial adhesion failure, alack of bond at the i

12、nterface between the materials. Interphasaladhesion failure, within the sealant or substrate near the interface, isless common and may appear to be interfacial without the use ofmagnification.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C24 onBuilding Seals and Sealants and is the d

13、irect responsibility of Subcommittee C24.01on Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants.The boldface designations refer to the original source of the definition and theASTM Technical Committee having jurisdiction.Current edition approved June 15, 2010. Published August 2010. Originallyapproved in 1

14、972. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C717 09. DOI:10.1520/C0717-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page ont

15、he ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.adhesive failure, nuse adhesion failure (preferred term).aerosol container

16、, empty, nin building construction,anaerosol container is considered empty when the product flowreaches 0.5 g per second or less.back bedding, nSee bedding.back putty, nSee bedding.back-up materialSee sealant backing.bead, nin building construction, in sealants and glazing, astrip of applied sealant

17、, glazing compound, or putty.bed, vin building construction in glazing, to apply a bead ofsealant between a lite of glass or a panel and the stationarystops or sight bars of the sash or frame.bed, nSee bedding.bedding, nin building construction in glazing, a bead ofsealant applied between a lite of

18、glass or a panel and thestationary stop or sight bar of the sash or frame. It is usuallythe first bead to be applied when setting glass or panels.bite, nin building construction in glazing, the effectivestructural contact dimension of a structural sealant. (See Fig.1 and Fig. 2.)bloom, nin building

19、construction, a substance formed byblooming.blooming, vin building construction, movement or diffusionof a component such as a plasticizer, monomer, unreactedpolymer or other formulation ingredient to a sealant surface.bond breakerin building construction, a material to preventadhesion at a designat

20、ed interface.Fig. 3.)caulk, vin building construction, to install or apply a sealantacross or into a joint, crack, or crevice.caulk, nSee sealant.caulking, nSee sealant.caulking compound, nSee sealant.cell, na single small cavity surrounded partially or com-pletely by walls. D1566;D11cellular materi

21、al, na generic term for materials containingmany cells (either open, closed, or both) dispersed throughFIG. 1 Typical Structural Sealant Joint ConfigurationsC717 1012the mass. D1565, D1566;D11chalk, nin building construction, a powder formed bychalkingDISCUSSIONThe powder is not necessarily white.ch

22、alking, vin building construction, formation of a powderon the surface of a sealant that is caused by the disintegrationof the polymer or binding medium due to weathering.DISCUSSIONChalk on a light color sealant is often white, however adarker color can also exhibit chalking.closed cell, na cell tot

23、ally enclosed by its walls and hencenot interconnecting with other cells. D883; D20closed cell material, na cellular material in which substan-tially all cells in the mass are closed cells.cohesive failure, nin building construction, failure charac-terized by rupture within the sealant, adhesive, or

24、 patibility, nin building construction, the capability oftwo or more materials to be placed in contact, or near enoughto interact, with no detrimental patible materials, nSee pound, nan intimate mixture of all the ingredientsnecessary for a finished material or product.crazed, adjin building constru

25、ction, having a random net-work of cracks in a sealant surface which do not penetratethrough the body of the material.crazed, adjin building construction, exhibiting crazing.crazing, nin building construction, a network of fine cracksin the surface of a sealant.DISCUSSIONCrazing may or may not affec

26、t product performance.crazing, vin building construction, the formation of anetwork of random surface cracks in a sealant.creep, nthe time dependent part of a strain resulting fromstress. D1079; D08cure, vin building construction, to attain the intendedperformance properties of a compound by means o

27、f evapo-ration, chemical reaction, heat, radiation, or combinationsthereof.cure, nin building construction, the process by which acompound attains its intended performance properties bymeans of evaporation, chemical reaction, heat, radiation, orcombinations thereof.cured, adjin building construction

28、, pertaining to the state ofa compound that has attained its intended performanceproperties by means of evaporation, chemical reaction, heat,radiation, or combinations thereof.dirt pick-up, nin building construction, soiling caused by aforeign material other than micro-organism growth that isdeposit

29、ed on, adhered to, or embedded into a sealant.DISCUSSIONMicro-organism growth can produce a similar appear-ance.durabilityin building construction, the ability of a seal orsealant to perform its required functions over a period oftime within the environment to which it is exposed.DISCUSSIONA seal or

30、 sealants required functions may includeaesthetic, economic, and functional performance considerations, amongothers.durability limit, nsee the preferred term, service life.elastomer, nfor gaskets and couplings for plumbing andsewer piping, a macromolecular material that returns rapidlyto approximate

31、ly its original dimensions and shape aftersubstantial deformation by a weak force and release of theforce.DISCUSSIONa) Elastomers are divided into two major polymersystems-thermoset and theromplastic. b) In standards for rubber, theword elastomer is not to be used interchangeably for the term “rubbe

32、r”.D1566;D11FIG. 2 Applied Load Transfer at a Vertical Corner Structural Sealant Joint (see Fig. 1 for Legend)C717 1013elastomer, nin building construction in glazing, a macromo-lecular material, which deformed within its service tempera-ture range, is capable of recovering substantially in size and

33、shape after removal of a deforming force.elastomer, thermoplastic, na material having the generalproperties of an elastomer and capable of being repeatedlysoftened by heat and hardened to shape by cooling withoutsignificant degradation of the polymer system.DISCUSSIONThermoplastic elastomers have so

34、me of the propertiesof thermoset elastomers, but are typically more thermally and pressuresensitive and more sensitive to solvents.elastomer, thermoset, nan elastomeric material that attainsits intended properties by an irreversible cross-linking reac-tion caused by heat alone, heat with a cross-lin

35、king agent,chemical interaction, or by radiation; whereby after cross-linking, any reprocessing with heat and pressure will se-verely degrade the material.DISCUSSIONCross-linking renders the material substantially in-soluble in organic solvents (can swell), less plastic, and with improvedelastic and

36、 mechanical properties (compared to its uncured state) overan extended temperature range.elastomeric, adjhaving the characteristics of an elastomer.elongation, nextension produced by a tensile stress.D1566;D11extrudability, nin building construction, the ability of asealant under pressure to flow th

37、rough an orifice.flow, vin building construction, the deformation of a tapesealant under stress.fluid migration, nin building construction, accumulation ofa fluid from a sealant on or in an adjacent material.DISCUSSIONMigration of a non-fluid component can also occur.gasket, nany preformed, deformab

38、le device designed to beplaced between two adjoining parts to provide a seal.gasket, compression, na gasket designed to be used undercompression.gasket, lock-strip, nin building construction, a gasket inwhich sealing pressure is attained by inserting a keyedlocking strip into a mating keyed groove i

39、n one face of thegasket.glazing, vin building construction, the installation of glass orother materials in prepared openings.glazing, butt, nin building construction, a glazing systemwherein butt joints are formed between lites and filled witha glazing sealant.glazing, compression, nsee glazing syst

40、em, compression.glazing, compression, vin building construction, the act ofinstalling components into a compression glazing system.glazing, construction site, nin building construction, theinstallation of glass or panels into a metal framing system, ata construction site, under generally uncontrolle

41、d environ-mental conditions.glazing, face, nthe method of glazing in which a rabbetedglazing recess, with no removable stop, is used and atriangular bead of compound is applied to the face of the liteand extended onto the recess.glazing, factory, nSee glazing, shop.glazing, field, nSee glazing, cons

42、truction site.glazing, four-side structural sealant, nin building con-struction, a glazing system wherein all sides of arectangular-shaped lite or panel are structural sealant glazed.glazing, needlein building construction, the application of asmall bead of a sealant at the sight line adhering to th

43、e sashand glass or panel by means of a nozzle with an orifice notexceeding 3.18 mm 18 in. in diameter.glazing, non-compression, nsee glazing system, non-compression.glazing, non-compression, vin building construction, theact of installing components into a non-compression glazingsystem.ASealantBSeal

44、ant backingCBond breakerDJointESubstrate faceFSubstrate edgeFIG. 3 Butt Sealant JointC717 1014glazing, protective, nin building construction, systems withglazed openings that are designed to mitigate the effects ofbomb blasts, projectiles, natural disasters, or forced entry.DISCUSSIONProtective glaz

45、ing systems assist in the mitigation ofthe potential for hazardous debris dispersal from natural disasters,withstand projectile impact and resist unauthorized human entrythrough glazed openings. Protective glazing systems include theselection of an appropriate glazing material, the design of metalfr

46、aming members and their anchorages, and the retention of the glazingmaterial within the framing all to resist a specified threat.glazing, shop, nin building construction, the installation ofglass or panels into a metal framing system under controlledenvironmental conditions.DISCUSSIONShop glazing ty

47、pically occurs at a location remote to aconstruction site. However, shop glazing can be performed at theconstruction site if acceptable to the code authority and providedappropriate management controls and environmental conditions aremaintained.glazing, stoplessSee glazing, structural sealant, the p

48、re-ferred term.DISCUSSIONInappropriately used to describe structural sealant glaz-ing.glazing, structural sealant, nin building construction,aglazing system wherein a structural sealant is used to transferloads between a lite or panel and a supporting framework,without mechanical fasteners or other

49、methods of attach-ment.glazing, two-side structural sealant, nin building construc-tion, a glazing system wherein two sides of a rectangular-shaped lite or panel, usually opposing, are structural sealantglazed.glazing compound, nin building construction in glazing, aputty material composed primarily of oil- or resin-basedingredients used for sealing window glass in frames.DISCUSSIONHistorically these compounds cure primarily throughsolvent ev