[外语类试卷]笔译二级实务模拟试卷7及答案与解析.doc
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1、笔译二级实务模拟试卷 7及答案与解析 SECTION 1 Compulsory Translation (30 points) 1 The first outline of The Ascent of Man was written in July 1969 and the last foot of film was shot in December 1972. An undertaking as large as this, though wonderfully exhilarating, is not entered lightly. It demands an unflagging in
2、tellectual and physical vigour, a total immersion, which I had to be sure that I could sustain with pleasure; for instance, I had to put off researches that I had already begun; and I ought to explain what moved me to do so. There has been a deep change in the temper of science in the last 20 years:
3、 the focus of attention has shifted from the physical to the life sciences. As a result, science is drawn more and more to the study of individuality. But the interested spectator is hardly aware yet how far-reaching the effect is in changing the image of man that science moulds. As a mathematician
4、trained in physics, I too would have been unaware, had not a series of lucky chances taken me into the life sciences in middle age. I owe a debt for the good fortune that carried me into two seminal fields of science in one lifetime; and though I do not know to whom the debt is due, I conceived The
5、Ascent of Man in gratitude to repay it. The invitation to me from the British Broadcasting Corporation was to present the development of science in a series of television programmes to match those of Lord Clark on Civilisation. Television is an admirable medium for exposition in several ways: powerf
6、ul and immediate to the eye, able to take the spectator bodily into the places and processes that are described, and conversational enough to make him conscious that what he witnesses are not events but the actions of people. The last of these merits is to my mind the most cogent, and it weighed mos
7、t with me in agreeing to cast a personal biography of ideas in the form of television essays. The point is that knowledge in general and science in particular does not consist of abstract but of man-made ideas, all the way from its beginnings to its modem and idiosyncratic models. Therefore the unde
8、rlying concepts that unlock nature must be shown to arise early and in the simplest cultures of man from his basic and specific faculties. And the development of science which joins them in more and more complex conjunctions must be seen to be equally human: discoveries are made by men, not merely b
9、y minds, so that they are alive and charged with individuality. If television is not used to make these thoughts concrete, it is wasted. SECTION 2 Optional Translation (30 points) 2 If Asian policy makers have a grand vision, it is that someday people from Japan and China to Malaysia and Myanmar wil
10、l pay for groceries using the same currency. The idea of a single East Asian currency will be debated this week at the Asian Development Banks annual meeting in the South Korean resort island of Jeju, where a European Central Bank board member, Tommaso Padoa-Schioppa, will share with Asian finance m
11、inisters “lessons“ from a 50-year journey that has led to 12 European nations sharing the euro. Should the countries of East Asia aim for their own “Asian dollar“? The rationale for a single currency is simple. For exporters in one Asian country selling to importers in another, being bald in Asian d
12、ollars would mean their profits were protected no matter what happened to the U. S. currency. Consumers would benefit from easier price comparisons, and travelers would save money by not having to change their currency from country to country. East Asia is home to a third of the worlds population an
13、d is its fastest-growing region. The World Bank estimates that East Asian economies will collectively expand 6.3 percent this year. The regions central banks hold $ 2 trillion of foreign currency reserves, which, if pooled, would make an Asian dollar a tough target for currency speculators to pull d
14、own. A single East Asian currency would require an accord similar to the European Unions Stability and Growth pact, which would require governments to live within their means a tall order for countries such as the Philippines that are plagued by chronic budget deficits. Monetary cooperation could ev
15、entually lead to a single currency. Still, if East Asia wants to follow Europe, it must speed up efforts for freer movement of goods and people across national boundaries. Then will come the painful part: trying to get Asian states to accept a unifying agency along the lines of the European Central
16、Bank. The Asian dollar may not be here soon. But to say it will never arrive is to underestimate the power of progress. 3 At the invitation of President George W. Bush, I will be attending and actively participating in the Group of Eight meeting this week in Sea Island, Georgia. The G-8 nations have
17、 rightly identified African development, AIDS, global peace and security, private sector-led growth and the alleviation of poverty through greater trade as the essential issues concerning the world and Africa in particular. I agree with this assessment. But this year I come to the G-8 .meeting to co
18、nvey a new sense of urgency in our collective work. On Thursday, I plan to support five tangible proposals for the G-8 that I deem globally urgent, highly practical and wholly feasible, with results that will be quickly measurable. We must identify and reduce the unintentional waste of foreign aid t
19、hat happens through poor procedures, duplication and flawed management. We must initiate a “counter-brain drain.“ For decades, developing countries have been educating and training highly skilled individuals and managers, who systematically leave their countries the countries that so desperately nee
20、d them and become absorbed in the economies of developed countries. We should begin to issue “business passports“ based on the economic activities of individuals, not on citizenship or nationality. We need to endorse and organize a world conference for Islamic-Christian dialogue within the next six
21、months. We can remove corruption, while increasing efficiency at the same time. The allocation of resources to our nations today takes a painfully long time. But the handicap of delays can be avoided. The president of the World Bank, James Wofensohn, once said that an African country that expresses
22、the need to realize a project a road, for example has to wait at least five years. Five years is too long. In Africa, we die waiting. I am not attending the G- 8 meeting in search of funding or handouts, but to propose and support what we need most dynamic ideas that can be implemented without delay
23、. I start with these five. SECTION 1 Compulsory Translation (20 points) 4 中国政府高度重视人口与发展问题,将人口与发展问题作为国民经济和社会发展总体规划的重要组成部分列入议事日程,始终强调人口增长与经济社会发展相适应,与资源利用和环境保护相协调。二十世纪九十年代以来,中央政府每年召开一次关于人口与发展问题的座谈会,研究分析重大问题,制定重大决策和措施。国家组织、协调有关部门和群众团体共同实施人口与计划生育方案,将计划生育与发展经济、消除贫困、保护生态环境、合理利用资源、普及文化教育、发展卫生事业、完善社会保障、提高妇女地
24、位等紧密结合起来,努力从根本上解决中国的人口与发展问题。 SECTION 2 Optional Translation (20 points) 5 阿尔伯特 爱因斯坦 (Albert Einstein)出生于德国南部的一个犹太中产阶级家庭。母亲非常喜欢音乐。爱因斯坦受她的影响很大。她鼓励小爱因斯坦对小提琴和古典音乐的爱好。他的父亲,一位工程师,对爱因斯坦的影响甚微。不过,是他送给了他五岁儿子那个著名的玩具指南针,促发了小爱因斯坦的第一次 “思想试验 ”:玩具中的针为什么总是指向北 ? 爱因斯坦后来成为一位伟大的物理学家。他是那个科学独 领风骚的世纪的著名科学家。那个时代的一些标志性科研成果,如
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