[外语类试卷]大学英语四级改革适用(阅读)模拟试卷331及答案与解析.doc
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1、大学英语四级改革适用(阅读)模拟试卷 331及答案与解析 Section C 0 Every so often, late at night, David Woodland steals away to the den of his home in Aberdeen, Washington, so that he can check stock prices on the Internet Mr. Woodland, a 78-year-old retired insurance salesman, delights at how with the click of a mouse, he c
2、an tap into the facts and fortunes of Wall Street. “If I get a bright idea late at night,“ Mr. Woodland said, “I go into the office, fire up the computer and put a buy or sell order in.“ While online trading is popularly regarded as the province of any traders in their 20s and 30s, jumping in and ou
3、t of the market to make quick profits, it is now being invaded by millions of people like Mr. Woodland senior investors who bring much larger accounts and more stability to this fast-growing corner of the markets. The low cost of doing business online now as little as $7 a trade and the excitement o
4、f riding a bull market are the lures (诱惑 ) for many older investors just as they are for the young. They are dismissing their full-service brokers, who offer research and advice but often charge more than $100 a trade, and instead are picking their own stocks, after downloading companies annual repo
5、rts and other research basics. “These things are incredible tools, now in the hands of an individual investor,“ said Carol Potts, 56, a retired crafts designer in Santa Barbara, California. “Theres no reason for me to have financial advisers. I am very analytical, and I like to get involved in resea
6、rch.“ According to a survey this fall of 630 people over 50 by Charles Schwab and the profit motive, operating under competitive pressures, largely determines how these goods and services are produced. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the d
7、esire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it. An important factor in a market-oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and
8、responded to by producers. In the American economy, this mechanism is provided by a price system, a process in which prices rise and fall in response to relative demands of consumers and supplies offered by seller-producers. If the product is in short supply relative to the demand, the price will be
9、 bid up and some consumers will be eliminated from the market. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product. Thus,
10、price is the regulating mechanism in the American economic system. The important factor in a private-enterprise economy is that individuals are allowed to own productive resources (private property), and they are permitted to hire labor, gain control over natural resources, and produce goods and ser
11、vices for sale at a profit. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual. 16 According to th
12、e first paragraph, in America, individuals _. ( A) are never satisfied with their incomes ( B) tend to overstate their incomes ( C) want to have their incomes increased ( D) want to increase the purchasing power of their incomes 17 It is implied in the first two sentences in the second paragraph tha
13、t_. ( A) consumers can be satisfied by mechanized production ( B) producers are the means through which consumers express their demands ( C) the price of products are decided by producers ( D) prices are regulated by supply and demand 18 According to the passage, a private-enterprise economy is feat
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