ASTM C192 C192M-2012 Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory《实验室中混凝土试样制备和养护的标准操作规程》.pdf

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1、Designation: C192/C192M 07 C192/C192M 12Standard Practice forMaking and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in theLaboratory1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C192/C192M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision,

2、 the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This practice covers pr

3、ocedures for making and curing test specimens of concrete in the laboratory under accurate controlof materials and test conditions using concrete that can be consolidated by rodding or vibration as described herein.1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units shall be regarded separa

4、tely as standard. The SI units are shown inbrackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of eachother. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of th

5、e safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. (WarningFresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause

6、 chemical burns to exposedskin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C70 Test Method for Surface Moisture in Fine AggregateC125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete AggregatesC127 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Abs

7、orption of Coarse AggregateC128 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Absorption of Fine AggregateC138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of ConcreteC143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement ConcreteC172 Practice f

8、or Sampling Freshly Mixed ConcreteC173/C173M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric MethodC231 Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Pressure MethodC330 Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Structural ConcreteC403/C403M Test Method for

9、Time of Setting of Concrete Mixtures by Penetration ResistanceC470/C470M Specification for Molds for Forming Concrete Test Cylinders VerticallyC494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for ConcreteC511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets, Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used i

10、n the Testing of HydraulicCements and ConcretesC566 Test Method for Total Evaporable Moisture Content of Aggregate by DryingC617 Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete SpecimensC1064/C1064M Test Method for Temperature of Freshly Mixed Hydraulic-Cement ConcreteC1077 Practice for Agencies Testing C

11、oncrete and Concrete Aggregates for Use in Construction and Criteria for Testing AgencyEvaluation1 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregatesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.61 on Testingfor Strength.Current edition approved

12、Aug. 1, 2007Oct. 1, 2012. Published September 2007October 2012. Originally approved in 1944. Last previous edition approved in 20062007as C192/C192M 06.C192/C192M 07. DOI: 10.1520/C0192_C0192M-07.10.1520/C0192_C0192M-12.2 See section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing,An

13、nual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02.3 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is n

14、ot an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropria

15、te. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12

16、.2 American Concrete Institute Publications:4211.3 Practice for Selecting Proportions for No-Slump Concrete309 Guide for Concrete Consolidation3. Significance and Use3.1 This practice provides standardized requirements for preparation of materials, mixing concrete, and making and curingconcrete test

17、 specimens under laboratory conditions.3.2 If specimen preparation is controlled as stipulated herein, the specimens may be used to develop information for thefollowing purposes:3.2.1 Mixture proportioning for project concrete,3.2.2 Evaluation of different mixtures and materials,3.2.3 Correlation wi

18、th nondestructive tests, and3.2.4 Providing specimens for research purposes.NOTE 1The concrete test results for concrete specimens made and cured using this practice are widely used. They may be the basis for acceptancetesting for project concrete, research evaluations, and other studies. Careful an

19、d knowledgeable handling of materials, mixing concrete, molding testspecimens, and curing test specimens is necessary. Many laboratories performing this important work are independently inspected or accredited. PracticeC1077 identifies and defines duties, responsibilities, including minimum responsi

20、bilities of the laboratory personnel the duties, responsibilities, andminimum technical qualification requirements for laboratory equipment used. Many laboratories ensure qualified technicians by participating in nationalcertification programs such as the American Concrete Institute Laboratory Techn

21、ician Program or an equivalent program. of laboratory personnel and theminimum requirements for equipment used in testing concrete and concrete aggregates.4. Apparatus4.1 Molds, GeneralMolds for specimens or fastenings thereto in contact with the concrete shall be made of steel, cast iron,or other n

22、onabsorbent material, nonreactive with concrete containing portland or other hydraulic cements. Molds shall conformto the dimensions and tolerances specified in the method for which the specimens are required. Molds shall hold their dimensionsand shape under all conditions of use. Watertightness of

23、molds during use shall be judged by their ability to hold water poured intothem. Test procedures for watertightness are given in the section on Test Methods for Elongation, Absorption, and Watertightnessof Specification C470/C470M. A suitable sealant, such as heavy grease, modeling clay, or microcry

24、stalline wax, shall be usedwhere necessary to prevent leakage through the joints. Positive means shall be provided to hold base plates firmly to the molds.Reusable molds shall be lightly coated with mineral oil or a suitable nonreactive release material before use.4.2 Cylinder Molds:4.2.1 Molds for

25、Casting Specimens Vertically shall conform to the requirements of 4.1 and Specification C470/C470M.4.2.2 Horizontal Molds for Creep Test Cylinders shall conform to the requirements of 4.1 and to the requirements for symmetryand dimensional tolerance in the section on General Requirements except for

26、verticality requirements of SpecificationC470/C470M. The use of horizontal molds is intended only for creep specimens that contain axially embedded strain gages. Moldsfor creep cylinders to be filled while supported in a horizontal position shall have a filling slot parallel to the axis of the mold

27、whichextends the full length to receive the concrete. The width of the slot shall be one half the diameter of the specimen. If necessarythe edges of the slot shall be reinforced to maintain dimensional stability. Unless specimens are to be capped or ground to produceplane ends, the molds shall be pr

28、ovided with two machined metal end plates at least 1 in. 25 mm thick and the working surfacesshall comply with the requirements for planeness and surface roughness given in the section on Capping Plates of Practice C617.Provision shall be made for fixing both end plates firmly to the mold. The insid

29、e surface of each end plate shall be provided withat least three lugs or studs approximately 1 in. 25 mm long, firmly fastened to the plate for embedment in the concrete. One baseplate shall be drilled from the inside at an angle to permit the lead wire from the strain gage to exit the specimen thro

30、ugh the edgeof the plate. Provision shall be made for accurately positioning the strain gage. All necessary holes shall be as small as possibleto minimize disturbance to subsequent strain measurements and shall be sealed to prevent leakage.4.3 Beam and Prism Molds shall be rectangular in shape (unle

31、ss otherwise specified) and of the dimensions required to producethe desired specimen size. The inside surfaces of the molds shall be smooth and free from indentations. The sides, bottom, andends shall be at right angles to each other and shall be straight and true and free of warpage. Maximum varia

32、tion from the nominalcross section shall not exceed 18 in. 3 mm for molds with depth or breadth of 6 in. 150 mm or more, or 116 in. 2 mm formolds of smaller depth or breadth. Except for flexure specimens, molds shall not vary from the nominal length by more than 116in. 2 mm. Flexure molds shall not

33、be shorter than 116 in. 2 mm of the required length, but may exceed it by more than thatamount.4.4 Tamping RodsTwo sizes are specified in ASTM methods. Each shall be a round, straight steel rod with at least the tampingend rounded to a hemispherical tip of the same diameter as the rod. Both ends may

34、 be rounded, if preferred.4.4.1 Larger Rod, 58 in. 16 mm in diameter and approximately 24 in. 600 mm long.4 Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington Hills, MI 48333-9094, http:/www.aci-int.org.C192/C192M 1224.4.2 Smaller Rod, 38 in. 10 mm in diameter and approximat

35、ely 12 in. 300 mm long.4.5 MalletsA mallet with a rubber or rawhide head weighing 1.25 6 0.50 lb 0.6 6 0.20 kg shall be used.4.6 Vibrators:4.6.1 Internal VibratorsThe vibrator frequency shall be at least 7000 vibrations per minute 115 Hz while the vibrator isoperating in the concrete. The diameter o

36、f a round vibrator shall be no more than one fourth the diameter of the cylinder mold orone fourth the width of the beam or prism mold. Other shaped vibrators shall have a perimeter equivalent to the circumferenceof an appropriate round vibrator. The combined length of the vibrator shaft and vibrati

37、ng element shall exceed the depth of thesection being vibrated by at least 3 in. 75 mm.NOTE 2For information on size and frequency of various vibrators and method to periodically check vibrator frequency, see ACI 309.4.6.2 External VibratorsThe two types of external vibrators permitted are either ta

38、ble or plank. The external vibratorfrequency shall be 3600 vibrations per minute 60 Hz or higher.4.6.3 Provisions shall be made for clamping the mold securely to the apparatus for both types of vibrators.NOTE 3Vibratory impulses are frequently imparted to a table or plank vibrator through electromag

39、netic means, or by use of an eccentric weight onthe shaft of an electric motor or on a separate shaft driven by a motor.4.7 Small ToolsTools and items such as shovels, pails, trowels, wood float, blunted trowels, straightedge, feeler gage, scoops,rulers, rubber gloves, and metal mixing bowls shall b

40、e provided.4.8 Slump ApparatusThe apparatus for measurement of slump shall conform to the requirements of Test MethodC143/C143M.4.9 Sampling and Mixing PanThe pan shall be flat-bottom and of heavy-gage metal, watertight, of convenient depth, and ofsufficient capacity to allow easy mixing by shovel o

41、r trowel of the entire batch; or, if mixing is by machine, to receive the entirebatch on discharge of the mixer and allow remixing in the pan by trowel or shovel.4.10 Wet-Sieving EquipmentIf wet-sieving is required, the equipment shall conform to the requirements of Practice C172.4.11 Air Content Ap

42、paratusThe apparatus for measuring air content shall conform to the requirements of either Test MethodsC231 or C173/C173M.4.12 ScalesScales for determining the mass of batches of materials and concrete shall be accurate within 0.3 % of the test loadat any point within the range of use.NOTE 4In gener

43、al the mass of small quantities should not be determined on large capacity scales. In many applications the smallest mass determinedon a scale should be greater than about 10 % of the maximum capacity of the scale; however, this will vary with the performance characteristics of thescale and the requ

44、ired accuracy of the determination. Acceptable scales used for determining the mass for concrete materials preferably should determinemass accurately to about 0.1 % of total capacity and the foregoing precaution is applicable. However, certain analytical and precision balances areexceptions to this

45、rule and should weigh accurately to 0.001 %. Particular care must be exercised in measuring small quantities of material by determiningthe difference between two much larger masses.4.13 Temperature Measuring DeviceThe temperature measuring device shall conform to the requirements of Test MethodC1064

46、/C1064M.4.14 Concrete MixerA power-driven concrete mixer shall be a revolving drum, tilting mixer, or suitable revolving pan orrevolving-paddle mixer capable of thoroughly mixing batches of the prescribed sizes at the required slump.NOTE 5A pan mixer is usually more suitable for mixing concrete with

47、 less than 1-in. 25 mm slump than a revolving drum mixer. The rate of rotation,degree of tilt, and rated capacity of tilting mixers are not always suitable for laboratory mixed concrete. It may be found desirable to reduce the rate ofrotation, decrease the angle of tilt from the horizontal, and use

48、the mixer at somewhat less than the manufacturers rated capacity.5. Specimens5.1 Cylindrical SpecimensCylinder dimensions shall be as stipulated in the specification, test method or practice for thelaboratory studies being performed and shall meet the requirements of 5.4. If dimensions are not stipu

49、lated in a specification, testmethod, or practice, the specimen selected shall have a length that is twice the diameter and meet the requirements of 5.4.NOTE 6The same cylinder size should be used for the reference (control) concrete mixture and test concrete mixtures when conducting comparativestudies such as those required in Specification C494/C494M. For mixture proportioning of project concrete, it is preferable for the cylinder size in thelaboratory to be the same as that specified for acceptance testing.NOTE 7Wh