ASTM C1652 C1652M-2014 Standard Test Method for Measuring Optical Distortion in Flat Glass Products Using Digital Photography of Grids《用数码摄影分格视图测量平面玻璃制品光学失真的标准试验方法》.pdf
《ASTM C1652 C1652M-2014 Standard Test Method for Measuring Optical Distortion in Flat Glass Products Using Digital Photography of Grids《用数码摄影分格视图测量平面玻璃制品光学失真的标准试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM C1652 C1652M-2014 Standard Test Method for Measuring Optical Distortion in Flat Glass Products Using Digital Photography of Grids《用数码摄影分格视图测量平面玻璃制品光学失真的标准试验方法》.pdf(8页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: C1652/C1652M 06C1652/C1652M 14Standard Test Method forMeasuring Optical Distortion in Flat Glass Products UsingDigital Photography of Grids1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1652/C1652M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original ad
2、option or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONTransmitted and reflected distortion in annealed, heat strengthened, a
3、nd tempered glass can bemeasured by several methods.(1, 2, 3, 4,)2 Qualitative methods are based on the observation ofwaviness in the glass as viewed in of reflected or transmitted images in a set of equidistant lines, calledZebra Lines. Quantitative measuring techniques are based on several methods
4、, some of which are:(1 1) ) Measuring local curvature using mechanical radius gages (1, 5, 6, and Test Method C1651)2)(2 Moire) Moir Fringe analysis (7, 8)3)(3) Double exposure of transmitted grid images (Practice F733)(4 4) ) Projection of an array of round dots (9)(5 5) ) Dual laser beams (10)The
5、user should be familiar with techniques that are available so as to select the most suitable afterconsidering the precision, speed, and test specification requirements. The test method described in thisdocument uses a digital camera to capture a transmitted or reflected image of a set of equidistant
6、 lines.Changes in the spacing of lines are used to quantifying the distortion.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of optical distortion of heat-strengthened and fully tempered architectural glasssubstrates which have been processed in a heat controlled continuous or oscillating con
7、veyance oven. See Specifications C1036and C1048 for discussion of the characteristics of glass so processed. In this test method the reflected image of processed glassis photographed and the photographic image analyzed to quantify the distortion due to surface waviness. The test method is alsouseful
8、 to quantify optical distortion observed in transmitted light in laminated glass assemblies.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each systemmay not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independent
9、ly of the other. Combining values from the twosystems may result in nonconformance with the standard.1.3 There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of
10、 this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C162 Terminology of Glass and Glass ProductsC1036 Specification for Flat GlassC1048 Specification for Heat-Strengthened
11、 and Fully Tempered Flat Glass1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C14 on Glass and Glass Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C14.11 on OpticalProperties.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2006May 1, 2014. Published November 2006May 2014. Originally appr
12、oved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2006 asC1652/C1652M 06. DOI: 10.1520/C1652_C1652M-06.10.1520/C1652_C1652M-14.2 The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of this standard.3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact
13、ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been m
14、ade to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Co
15、pyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1C1651 Test Method for Measurement of Roll Wave Optical Distortion in Heat-Treated Flat GlassF733 Practice for Optical Distortion and Deviation of Transparent Parts Using the Double-Exposur
16、e Method2.2 Other Standards:U.S. Patent 7 345 698 Optical System for Imaging Distortions in Moving Reflective Sheets (2003)3. Terminology3.1 See Terminology C162 Terminology of Glass and Glass ProductsProducts.3.2 Definitions:3.2.1 focal length, FThe focal length of a specular reflector, due to the
17、curvature at a point equals R/2. (See 3.2.3.) Intransmitted light, local thickness changes introduce a convergence or divergence, equivalent to a lens with a focal length F.3.2.2 optical power, DThe optical power due to the curvature at a point is D = 1/F. The optical power is expressed in diopters,
18、(Units 1/m), or as is typical, in millidiopters. The optical power is also used to quantify optical distortion, the deformation ofimages reflected from flat glass, or transmitted by laminated or bent glass, or both.3.2.3 radius of curvature, RThe local radius of curvature at a point on the surface,
19、in meters. Rx and Ry are respectivelymeasured in planes x (usually horizontal) and y (usually vertical)vertical).3.2.4 roll waveA repetitive, wave-like departure from flatness in otherwise flat glass that results from heat-treating the glassin a horizontal conveyance system. Roll wave excludes edge
20、effects such as edge kink, and distortion induced by assembly orinstallation.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test procedure was designed to provide an accurate method of quantifying the optical distortion of glass as it is revealedin reflected or transmitted images. The optical distortion in refle
21、cted light can be related to a surface waviness, known as roll wavein tempered glass products, or, in transmitted light, related to curvature and local thickness variations in laminated glass products.The test method is based on the use of a digital camera which is used to record the appearance of a
22、n accurately printed grid patternwhich has been reflected from or transmitted though apiece a lite of glass. Mathematical analyses performed on computer of thechanges in the grid pattern along with the laws of optics and the geometrical arrangement makes it possible to quantify the lenspower or opti
23、cal distortion of each element of the glass surface defined by the grid.4.2 A uniformly spaced set of parallel lines, usually set at 45 angle to horizontal, may be used instead of a grid. If such a setof lines is used, the mathematics of calculation will be slightly altered from those expressed in A
24、ppendix X1.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method provides accurate data for evaluation of the optical properties of the glass being inspected.5.2 The procedure described is useful for measuring the roll wave introduced during the tempering process of flat architecturalglass. (1)5.3 This test m
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