ASTM C1353-2008 Standard Test Method Using the Taber Abraser for Abrasion Resistance of Dimension Stone Subjected to Foot Traffic.pdf

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1、Designation: C 1353 08Standard Test Method Using the Taber Abraser forAbrasion Resistance of Dimension Stone Subjected to FootTraffic1, 2This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1353; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case

2、 of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the establishment of an index ofabrasion resistance by determination

3、 of loss of weight resultingfrom abrasion of dimension stone as described in TerminologyC119and is modeled after Test Method C 501.1.2 The values stated in metric units are to be regarded asthe standard.1.3 This test method makes use of a Taber abraser machineto determine the weight loss of dimensio

4、n stone under con-trolled conditions.1.4 This test method is useful in indicating the differences inabrasion resistance between the various dimension stones. Thistest method provides one element in comparing stones of thesame type.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concer

5、ns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C97 Test Methods for Absorption and Bulk

6、Specific Grav-ity of Dimension StoneC119 Terminology Relating to Dimension StoneC 121 Test Method for Water Absorption of SlateC 501 Test Method for Relative Resistance to Wear ofUnglazed Ceramic Tile by the Taber Abraser3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 index of

7、 abrasion resistance, na number calculatedfrom the weight loss of a specimen subjected to a given numberof revolutions against a standard bonded abrasive wheel.3.1.2 sample, na geometrically regular block of stone.3.1.3 test specimen, na flat prism of specified size andshape cut from the submitted s

8、ample.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method consists of mounting the stone speci-men in suitable holders, attaching the mounted holder to thespindle of the Taber abraser, and subjecting the specimen to aprescribed number of revolutions under abrasive wheels ofspecified coarseness for a defin

9、ite applied load. From the lossof weight due to abrasion, the abrasive wear index is calculatedby a given formula.5. Apparatus5.1 Taber abraser machine, Model 5130 or 5150, equippedwith replaceable hard abrasive H-22 Calibrade wheels that canbe loaded by weights.5.2 Table Model 200 refacing machine.

10、5.3 Vacuum pick up to remove the abraded material.5.4 Revolution counter.5.5 Balance with a capacity of 500 g (0.5 lb) and capable ofreading to two decimal places.5.6 Desiccator containing a drying agent of sufficient size tocontain samples to be tested.5.7 Diamond saw (cut-off) with diamond-edged b

11、lade lubri-cated with water.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C18 onDimension Stone and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C18.01 on TestMethods.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008. Published December 2008. Originallyapproved in 1996. Last previous edition app

12、roved in 2007 as C 1353 07.2The Taber abraser is available in two models: the 5130 with a single head or the5150 with dual testing heads. The 5130 machine replaces Model 503, which is asingle head machine. Both machines function in the same manner. The sole sourceof supply of the Taber abraser and M

13、odel 200 wheel surfacer known to thecommittee at this time is Taber Instrument Corp., 455 Bryant Street, NorthTonawanda, NY 14120. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide thisinformation to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receivecareful consideration at a meetin

14、g of the responsible technical committee,1whichyou may attend.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website

15、.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.8 Electrically powered drill capable of drillinga6mm(14in.) hole through the specimen.5.9 A ventilated drying oven.6. Sampling6.1 Three stone samples 100 mm (4 in.) square and 10 mm(

16、38 in.) thick shall constitute a sample and shall be chosen frommaterial to be tested.7. Test Specimen7.1 Three test specimens are required. Each test specimenshall meet the following conditions:7.1.1 A slab 100 mm (4 in.) square with the corners cut offto give a maximum radius of 60 mm (238 in.) wi

17、tha6mm(14in.) hole in the center and the thickness equal to 10 mm (38 in.)or less.7.1.2 The upper surface shall be flat with either a finish asrequired for the test or ground and smoothed with 120 meshgrit. Rough surfaces, such as thermal, bush-hammered, gang-sawn, and cleft finishes, are not suitab

18、le for testing in accor-dance with this test method.8. Procedure8.1 Determine the bulk specific gravity (p) of dimensionstone in accordance with Test Methods C97and C 121 forslate. Bulk specific gravity testing shall be performed, using amodified specimen geometry, on the same specimens to beused fo

19、r the abrasion resistance tests. Dry in an oven at atemperature of 60C 6 2C (140F 6 4F) for 48 h. Cool in adesiccator and weigh (wo). The test specimens shall remain indesiccator until tested. Tests should not begin unless therelative humidity is 45 to 55 % and the temperature is at22 6 3C (72 6 4F)

20、.8.2 Weigh the test specimen to the nearest 0.01 g (0.00002lb).8.3 Place the test specimen on the table of the abraser withthe surface to be tested uppermost.8.4 Perform test work in a controlled environment, space, orroom.8.5 Set the vacuum cleaner-extractor to 90 to 100 % capac-ity. Lower and adju

21、st the orifice arm so the orifice is a distanceof1to2mm(18 to116 in.) above the test surface.8.6 Load each holder witha1kg(2.2 lb) weight above theabrasive wheel and gently lower the wheels onto the surface ofthe test specimen.8.7 Switch on the vacuum cleaner-extractor.8.8 Rotate the table for 1000

22、revolutions. Gently brush theabrasive wheels while the test specimen is rotating to assist inthe removal of loose dust and prevent clogging the abrasivewheels.NOTE 1The preferred number of revolutions is 1000 regardless of thestone type. Some stones may wear through before 1000 revolutions. Forthese

23、 stones, the equipment should be stopped when the wear has reducedthe thickness by 70 to 80 %. Stop the test if the abrasive wheels becomeexcessively worn. If the test is stopped before 1000 revolutions arecompleted, state the reason in the test report.8.9 Remove the specimen carefully from the tabl

24、e, brushclean the dust and abrasive grains, and weigh (w1).9. Calculation9.1 Calculate the index of abrasion resistance as follows:Iw536.75wo2 w13 p 3n1000where:Iw= index of abrasion resistance,wo= initial weight of test specimen, gw1= weight of test specimen after 1000 revolutions, gp = bulk specif

25、ic gravity, andn = number of revolutions actually run during the test.NOTE 2The formula for determining Iwrequires the use of metricunits. Attempting to use this formula with imperial units will result inerroneous values for Iw.NOTE 3Test results from hard and coarse-grained stones such asgranite sh

26、ould be viewed with caution. Hard stones may both polish andabrade, thus resulting in an increase in the indicated value of Iw.Coarse-grained stones may exhibit a wider than normal variation of Iwresults in addition to polishing and abrading because of differences inhardness between grains.10. Repor

27、t10.1 Report the following information for each test speci-men:10.1.1 Identification number and source of sample,10.1.2 Commercial name or description of stone and surfacetested,10.1.3 Date of test,10.1.4 Identity of test operator,10.1.5 Identification number of each test specimen,10.1.6 Value of bu

28、lk specific gravity used in the calcula-tions,10.1.7 Index of abrasion resistance of each test specimenand average of the three test specimens,10.1.8 Presence of any defect or surface feature likely tohave influenced the result,10.1.9 Identification of the operator and laboratory carryingout the tes

29、t,10.1.10 The relative humidity of the test area, and10.1.11 The actual number of revolutions run. If the test wasstopped before 1000 revolutions were completed, state thereason.11. Precision and Bias11.1 PrecisionNot enough data exists that will serve as abasis for preparing a precision statement.1

30、1.2 BiasThere is no accepted reference material, there-fore, no bias statement can be made.12. Keywords12.1 abrasion resistance; dimension stone; Taber abraserC 1353 082ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin

31、this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must

32、 be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of ther

33、esponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).C 1353 083