ASTM C1106-2000(2012) Standard Test Methods for Chemical Resistance and Physical Properties of Carbon Brick《碳砖物理特性及耐化学性的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: C1106 00 (Reapproved 2012)Standard Test Methods forChemical Resistance and Physical Properties of CarbonBrick1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1106; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, t

2、he year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These test methods are intended for use as short-termtests for evaluating the physical properties of carbon

3、 brick andtheir chemical resistance at various temperatures in immersionservice. These test methods provide a means of determining thefollowing changes in the carbon brick specimen and the testmedia:1.1.1 Weight, appearance, and compressive strength of thecarbon brick specimen.1.1.2 Appearance of th

4、e test media before, during, and aftertesting of the carbon brick specimen.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This s

5、tandard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.

6、1 ASTM Standards:2C904 Terminology Relating to Chemical-Resistant Nonme-tallic MaterialsE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines3. Terminology3.1 Definitions For definitions of terms used in these testmethods, see Terminology C904.4. Significance and Use4.1 The results obtained by the

7、se test methods should serveas a guide in, but not as the sole basis for, the selection of achemical-resistant carbon brick for a particular application. Noattempt has been made to incorporate into these test methodsall the factors that may affect the performance of carbon brickwhen subjected to var

8、ious actual service conditions.5. Apparatus5.1 Equipment, capable of weighing materials or specimensto 60.01 g accuracy.5.2 Micrometer or Vernier Caliper , having a range suitablefor measuring brick specimens to within 0.001 in. (0.025 mm).5.3 Masonry Saw, suitably equipped to permit wet cutting(wat

9、er only) of carbon brick with a diamond edge blade.5.4 Constant-Temperature Oven or Liquid Bath, capable ofmaintaining temperature within a range of 64F (62C).5.5 Testing Machine, may be of any type of sufficientcapacity that will provide the rates of loading prescribed. Itshall have been documented

10、 to have an accuracy of 61.0 %, orbetter, within 12 months of the time of use in accordance withPractices E4. The testing machine shall be equipped with twosteel bearing blocks with hardened faces, one of which is aspherically seated block that will bear on the top bearing plate,and the other a plai

11、n rigid block that will support the bottombearing plate. The diameter of the spherical bearing block shallbe at least 75 % of the width of the specimen. The bearingfaces shall not depart from a plane by more than 0.001 in.(0.025 mm) in any 6 in. (150 mm) diameter circle.5.6 Containers:5.6.1 Wide-Mou

12、thed Glass Jars, of sufficient capacity, fittedwith plastic or plastic-lined metal screw caps or other suitablesealed containers for low-temperature tests involving media oflow viscosity.5.6.2 Erlenmeyer Flasks, of sufficient capacity, each fittedwith standard-taper joints and a reflux condenser att

13、achment.5.6.3 Containers, as described in 5.6.1 and 5.6.2, having aninert coating on their inner surfaces, or containers of a suitableinert material for use with media which attack glass.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C03 onChemical-Resistant Nonmetallic Materials a

14、nd are the direct responsibility onSubcommittee C03.01 on Mortars and Carbon Brick.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2012. Published September 2012. Originallyapproved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C1106 00 (2005).DOI: 10.1520/C1106-00R12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the

15、 ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. Un

16、ited States15.7 Hot Plate, Heating Mantel, or Pail Heater, suitable forboiling water.5.8 Sander, suitable for smoothing surfaces.6. Test Specimens6.1 The test specimens shall be wet cut using a masonry sawfrom representative full brick as received from the manufac-turer.6.1.1 All faces of the specim

17、ens shall be approximatelyplane and smooth.Adjacent faces must be normal to each other.If the faces are not suitably plane, smooth, and with adjacentfaces normal to each other, the surfaces may be sanded,ground, or machined to specification. Exercise care that thefrictional heat developed during suc

18、h operations does notdamage the specimens.6.1.2 Specimens with scores, trademark indentations, chips,cracks, or other imperfections must be discarded.6.1.3 The number of test specimens required is set forth inthe respective test method.7. Compressive Strength Test Method7.1 Test SpecimensA minimum o

19、f six, 2 in. (50 mm) cubespecimens shall be prepared in accordance with Section 6 ofthis standard.NOTE 1When cutting the full brick, the original depth orientationshall be noted on the cube specimens.7.2 Measurement of SpecimensMeasure to the nearest0.001 in. (0.025 mm), the cross-section dimensions

20、 of thosetwo opposite faces of the specimen that will be in contact withthe upper and lower bearing blocks of the testing machine andthus perpendicular to the load axis. Record the dimensions foreach respective specimen.7.3 Temperature of TestCompression tests shall be per-formed at 73 6 4F (23 6 2C

21、).7.4 Placing the Specimen:7.4.1 Orient the test cube under the load plate of thecompression testing machine such that when the load is appliedit will be in the direction of the original depth of the brick.7.4.2 Center the test cube under the load plate of thecompression testing machine to within116

22、 in. (2 mm) in anydirection of true center such that the load is applied to the topor bottom face of the test specimen.7.5 Rate of Loading:7.5.1 Apply the load continuously and without shock. Testat a uniform rate of 3000 psi (20.7 MPa)/min.7.5.2 Load the test specimen to failure and record themaxim

23、um load (W) indicated by the testing machine.7.6 Calculations:7.6.1 From the dimensions measured in 7.2 for each respec-tive specimen, calculate the areas of the two specimen facesthat were perpendicular to the load axis, and then calculate theaverage area (A) of the two.7.6.2 Calculate the individu

24、al compressive strength (C)ofeach specimen as follows:C 5 W/A (1)where:C = compressive strength of the specimen, psi (MPa),W = maximum load, lb (N), andA = average of the areas of the upper and lower bearingsurfaces of the test specimen, in.2(mm2).7.6.3 Calculate the average compressive strength in

25、accor-dance with Section 12.7.7 Report:7.7.1 Name of brick manufacturer.7.7.2 Brand name of brick.7.7.3 Manufacturers lot number.7.7.4 Full brick dimensions.7.7.5 Any defects in the specimens.7.7.6 Individual and average compressive strength values.8. Water Absorption8.1 Test SpecimensA minimum of f

26、our quarter-brickspecimens shall be prepared in accordance with Section 6 ofthis standard. The four quarter-brick specimens shall be ob-tained by taking a representative carbon brick and first halvingthe brick shape lengthwise and then taking these two halvesand cutting each of them lengthwise. Of t

27、he four respective testspecimens prepared, each will have four original faces from thefull brick shape before it was cut up and two faces will havebeen created by sawing the original brick into the four pieces.8.2 Preparing the SpecimensRinse the four specimenswith a fine spray of distilled water. P

28、lace the test specimens ina constant-temperature oven set at 216 6 4F (102 6 2C)until they reach a constant weight.Allow the specimens to coolin a dessicator to 73 6 4F.8.2.1 The constant dry weight of the respective test speci-mens shall be determined to the nearest 0.01 g after thespecimens have c

29、ooled to 73 6 4F. Record the dry weight (WD) of each specimen.8.3 Test Procedure:8.3.1 Place the test specimens in distilled water and boil for2 h. During the boiling period, keep the specimens entirelycovered with water and allow no contact with the heated sidesor bottom of the container.8.3.2 Afte

30、r the boiling period, remove the heat source andallow the specimens to cool to room temperature, 73 6 4F (236 2C). Be sure to keep the test specimens completely coveredwith water during this cooling down stage.8.3.3 After cooling, remove and blot each specimen with adamp cotton cloth to remove all l

31、iquid droplets from thesurface. Excessive blotting will introduce error by withdrawingliquid from the pores of the specimen.8.3.4 Determine the saturated weight ( WS) of each speci-men by weighing each to the nearest 0.01 g.8.4 Calculation:8.4.1 The water absorption is expressed as a percentage ofth

32、e dry weight (WD) of the specimen compared to the saturatedweight (WS) of the specimen calculated as follows:Water Absorption, % 5WS2 WD!WD3100 (2)C1106 00 (2012)2where:WS= saturated weight of specimen, andWD= dry weight of specimen.8.4.2 Calculate the average water absorption in accordancewith Sect

33、ion 12.8.5 Report:8.5.1 Name of brick manufacturer.8.5.2 Brand name of brick.8.5.3 Manufacturers lot number.8.5.4 Full brick dimensions.8.5.5 Any defects in the specimens.8.5.6 Percent water absorption for each specimen.8.5.7 Average percent water absorption.9. Flexural Strength9.1 Test Specimens A

34、minimum of five test specimensshall be prepared by taking a minimum of three full,rectangular, straight brick which measure either 9 by 412 by 3in. (229 by 114 by 76 mm) or 9 by 412 by 212 in. (229 by 114by 64 mm) and cutting them in half lengthwise to producespecimens measuring 9 by 214 by 3 in. (2

35、29 by 57 by 76 mm)or9by214 by 212 in. (229 by 57 by 64 mm), respectively.9.2 Test Procedure:9.2.1 Measure the respective depth of all specimens to thenearest 0.001 in. (0.025 mm) using a micrometer or a verniercaliper. Make two measurements near the middle of thespecimens length and average them. Th

36、is average depth (d)will be used in the calculations.9.2.1.1 Measure the respective width of all of the testspecimens to the nearest 0.001 in. using a micrometer or avernier caliper. Make two measurements near the middle ofspecimens length and average them. This average width (b)will be used in the

37、calculations.9.2.2 The testing machine shall be set up to test thespecimens in simple bending with two supports and the loadbeing applied by means of a loading nose midway between thesupports.9.2.2.1 The loading nose and the supports shall have cylin-drical surfaces. The radius of the nose and the s

38、upports shall beat least14 in. (6.4 mm).9.2.2.2 The length of the loading nose and the supports shallbe at least equal to the width of the test specimen.9.2.2.3 The span between the supports shall be 1 6 0.1 in.(25 6 0.2 mm) less than the nominal length of the testspecimens. The actual span between

39、the supports (I) shall bemeasured and recorded for use in the calculations.9.2.2.4 Ensure that the supports for the test specimen arefree to rotate in the longitudinal and transverse directions of thetest specimens, and adjust them so that they will exert no forcein these directions.9.2.3 Center the

40、 test specimen flatwise over the supportsunless specified and reported otherwise (that is, apply the loadin the direction of the depth of the unit) such that the load isapplied to the top or bottom face of the test specimen.9.2.4 Load the test specimens to failure, and record themaximum load (W).9.3

41、 Rate of Loading:9.3.1 Load Rate IApply the load continuously and with-out shock. The rate of loading shall not exceed 2000 lbf (8896N)/min.9.3.2 Load Rate IISet the crosshead speed of the machinenot to exceed 0.05 in. (1.3 mm)/min when the machine isrunning without load.9.4 Calculations:9.4.1 The f

42、lexural strength (S) of each test specimen iscalculated as follows:S 5 3WI/2bd2(3)where:S = stress in specimen at midspan, lb/in.2(kg/cm2),W = maximum load at failure indicated by the testingmachine, lbf (N),I = Distance between the supports, in. (mm),b = average width of the test specimen, in. (mm)

43、, andd = average depth of the test specimen, in. (mm).9.4.2 Calculate the average flexural strength in accordancewith Section 12.9.5 Report:9.5.1 Name of brick manufacturer.9.5.2 Brand name of brick.9.5.3 Manufacturers lot number.9.5.4 Full brick dimensions.9.5.5 Any defects in the specimens.9.5.6 L

44、oad rate used.9.5.7 Flexural strength of each test specimen.9.5.8 Average flexural strength.10. Chemical Resistance10.1 Test Specimens:10.1.1 Test specimens shall be 2 in. (50 mm) cube speci-mens prepared in accordance with Section 6 of this standard.10.2 The number of specimens required is dependen

45、t uponthe number of test media to be employed, the number ofdifferent temperatures at which testing is performed, and thefrequency of test intervals. The test specimens shall consist ofsets of a minimum of three, 2 in. cubes for one medium at asingle temperature and for each test interval. In additi

46、on,prepare other sets of at least three cubes, equivalent to thenumber of test temperatures, for the total test period. Calculatethe total number of specimens required as follows:N 5 n M 3T 3I!16 (4)where:N = number of specimens,n = number of specimens for a single test,M = number of media,T = numbe

47、r of test temperatures, andI = number of test intervals.10.3 ConditioningRinse the test specimens with distilledwater. Place the test specimens in a constant temperature ovenset at 216 6 4F (102 6 2C) until they reach constant weight.Allow the specimens to cool in a desiccator to 73 6 4F.C1106 00 (2

48、012)310.3.1 After the conditioning period, the constant dryweight (WC) of the respective test specimens shall be deter-mined to the nearest 0.01 g. Record the dry weights.10.3.2 After the conditioning period, measure to the nearest0.001 in. (0.025 mm), the cross-sectional dimensions of thosetwo oppo

49、site faces of the specimen that will be in contact withthe upper and lower bearing blocks of the testing machine andthus perpendicular to the load axis. Record the dimensions foreach respective specimen.10.4 Test Procedure:10.4.1 Following the conditioning period, weigh all of thespecimens to the nearest 0.01 g, and record the values. Prior toimmersion, record a brief description of the color and surfaceappearance of the specimens and the color and clarity of thetest medium. Place the weighed specimens to be immersed ina suitable container or