ASTM C10 C10M-2013 Standard Specification for Natural Cement《天然水泥标准规格》.pdf

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1、Designation: C10/C10M 10C10/C10M 13Standard Specification forNatural Cement1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C10/C10M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parent

2、heses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers natural cement and quick-setting natural cement.NOTE 1Examples of typical past uses of natural cement include unit masonry m

3、ortar, cement plaster, grout, whitewash, and concrete.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining value

4、s from thetwo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Values in SI units or inch-pound units shall be obtained bymeasurement in SI units or inch-pound units or by appropriate conversion, using the Rules for Conversion and Rounding givenin IEEE/ASTM SI 10, of measurements made in oth

5、er units or SI units. Values are stated in only SI units when inch-pound unitsare not used in practice.1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirem

6、ents of the standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm Cube Specimens)C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic CementC150 Specification for Portland CementC151 Test Method for Autoc

7、lave Expansion of Hydraulic CementC183 Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing of Hydraulic CementC185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement MortarC187 Test Method for Amount of Water Required for Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement PasteC188 Test Method for Density of Hydraulic

8、 CementC191 Test Methods for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat NeedleC204 Test Methods for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by Air-Permeability ApparatusC219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic CementC305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consisten

9、cyC465 Specification for Processing Additions for Use in the Manufacture of Hydraulic CementsC778 Specification for SandC786 Test Method for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement and Raw Materials by the 300-m (No. 50), 150-m (No. 100), and 75-m(No. 200) Sieves by Wet MethodsIEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for Use

10、of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms related to this specification, see Terminology C219.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include the following:4.1.1 This specification number and da

11、te, and1 This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C01 on Cement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.10 on Hydraulic Cements for GeneralConcrete Construction.Current edition approved April 1, 2010Aug. 1, 2013. Published May 2010September 2013. Originally approved i

12、n 1904. Last previous edition approved in 20092010 asC10/C10M09.10. DOI: 10.1520/C0010_C0010M-10.10.1520/C0010_C0010M-13.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer

13、 to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all chan

14、ges accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Bar

15、r Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14.1.2 Optional physical requirements as given in 7.2.5. Additions5.1 The cement covered by this specification shall contain no addition except as follows:5.1.1 Water, or calcium sulfate, or both.5.1.2 Processing additions u

16、sed in the manufacture of the cement shall have been shown to meet the requirements ofSpecification C465 in the amounts used or greater.6. Chemical Requirements6.1 Natural cements shall conform to the standard chemical requirements in Table 1.7. Physical Requirements7.1 Natural cements and quick-set

17、ting natural cements shall conform to the respective standard physical requirementsprescribed in Table 1.NOTE 2Time of setting requirements for natural cements have changed over time. Requirements of previous editions of this standard are as follows:1904-1937: Minimum 10 min initial setting, minimum

18、 30 min final setting1937-1954: Minimum 10 min initial setting (Vicat) or 20 min (Gillmore) and maximum 10 h final setting1954-1962: Minimum 10 min and maximum 6 h initial setting (Test Method C191)1962-1970: Minimum 60 min initial setting and maximum 12 h final setting (Gillmore)1970-1976 and 2006-

19、2008: Minimum 30 min initial setting (Vicat)2009: Minimum 30 min initial settingNatural Cement; Minimum 10 min initial setting, maximum 30 min initial setting, and minimum 30 minfinal settingQuick Setting Natural Cement7.2 In order to match historic cements, at the option of the purchaser, the requi

20、red values for % retention on the 300-m (N0.50), 150-m (No. 100), and 75-m (No. 200) sieves, or of air permeability fineness shall be agreed at time of placing the order.NOTE 3If no data on historic cement fineness are available, the purchaser may wish to consider that previous editions of this spec

21、ification from 1904to 1976 required minimum values as follows:1954-1976: Minimum 550 m2/kg fineness (air-permeability method)1937-1954: Maximum 15% retained on a 75-m (No. 200) sieve1904-1937: Maximum 10% retained on a 150-m (No. 100) sieve, maximum 30 % retained on a 75-m (No. 200) sieve8. Acceptan

22、ce and Rejection8.1 Natural cement meets the strength requirements of this standard if the 7-day strength exceeds the minimum in Table 1. Thecement also meets the strength requirements of this standard if the cement fails the 7-day strength minimum, but exceeds the28-day strength minimum in Table 1.

23、TABLE 1 Standard RequirementsApplicable Test Methods Requirements:Natural CementRequirements:Quick-Setting Natural CementChemical RequirementsLoss on ignition, max, %: C114 12 12Insoluble residue, min, %: C114 2 2Sulfur trioxide (SO3), max, %: C114 3.0 3.0Physical RequirementsAutoclave length change

24、, max, %: C151, as modified in 10.1.4 0.80 0.80Fineness, m2/kg or % retained: C204 or C786 A ATime of setting, Vicat test: C191Initial Setting Time in minutes, notless than30 10Initial Setting Time in minutes, notmore than. 30Final Setting Time in minutes, notless than. 30Air content of mortarB , vo

25、lume %: C185max 12 12Compressive strength, min, MPa psi: C109/C109M, as modified in 10.1.77 days 3.5 510 3.5 51028 days 7.0 1020 7.0 1020AThe fineness shall be chosen at the option of the purchaser as per 7.2.BCompliance with the requirements of this specification does not necessarily ensure that th

26、e desired air content will be obtained in concrete.C10/C10M 1328.2 If the cement fails an initial test for autoclave expansion, it meets the requirements of this standard if it passes on a secondand third series of test specimens.8.3 The cement shall be rejected if it fails to meet any of the requir

27、ements of this specification, subject to the provisions of 8.1and 8.2.8.4 Re-test cement remaining in storage for a period longer than six months after initial test. Reject it if it fails to meet any ofthe requirements of this specification at that time.8.5 Tentative or provisional acceptance of the

28、 cement shall not deprive the purchaser of the right of rejection in the event finaltests or retests fail to meet applicable requirements.8.6 At the option of the purchaser, packages more than 2 % below the mass marked thereon shall be rejected and if the averagemass of packages in any shipment, as

29、shown by determining the mass of 50 packages selected at random, is less than that markedon the packages, the entire shipment shall be rejected.9. Packaging and Package Marking9.1 When the cement is delivered in packages, the words “Natural Cement,” or “Quick-Setting Natural Cement,” as appropriate,

30、the name and brand of the manufacturer, and the mass of the cement contained therein, shall be plainly indicated on each package.Similar information shall be provided in the shipping documents accompanying the shipment of packaged or bulk cement. Allpackages shall be in good condition at the time of

31、 inspection.10. Test Methods10.1 Sample the cement and determine the properties enumerated in this specification in accordance with the following ASTMmethods:10.1.1 SamplingPractice C183.10.1.2 Chemical AnalysisTest Methods C114.10.1.3 FinenessOne of the following test methods shall be used:10.1.3.1

32、 Test Method C204. In this fineness determination, the specific gravity of natural cement shall be considered to be 2.90.Tests shall be made at a porosity of 0.530 6 0.005. In case of dispute, the true specific gravity used shall be as determined inaccordance with Test Method C188.10.1.3.2 Test Meth

33、od C786.10.1.4 Autoclave ExpansionTest Method C151 with the following modification:10.1.4.1 The cement used in preparing the test specimens shall be a blend of 75 weight percent of the natural cement to be testedwith 25 weight percent of portland cement conforming to the requirements of Type II ceme

34、nt in Specification C150.10.1.4.2 The natural cement and the portland cement shall be dry mixed to a uniform blend before water is added.10.1.5 Time of SettingTest Method C191.10.1.6 Air Content of MortarTest Method C185. In this air content determination, the specific gravity of natural cement shal

35、lbe considered to be 2.90. In case of dispute, the true specific gravity used shall be as determined in accordance with Test MethodC188.10.1.7 Compressive StrengthThe compressive strength shall be determined for mortar cubes prepared as follows:10.1.7.1 The proportions shall be one part of cement to

36、 one part of standard sand by mass. The amount of mixing water is basedon the amount of water required to produce a neat cement paste of normal consistency from the same sample of cement accordingto Test Method C187. Calculate the percentage of water required as follows:y5P316.5where:y = water requi

37、red for the mortar as a percentage of the combined mass of cement and sand, andP = water needed for normal consistency, percent by mass of cement.10.1.7.2 The standard sand shall be 20-30 sand conforming to Specification C778.10.1.7.3 The mortar shall be mixed in accordance with Practice C305. The q

38、uantities of materials to be mixed at one time inthe batch of mortar for making six and nine test specimens shall be as follows:Number of SpecimensNumber of Specimens6 9Cement, g 900 1335Sand, g 900 1335Water, mL 18y 26.7y10.1.7.4 The 2-in. 50-mm cube specimens shall be molded and tested in accordan

39、ce with Test Method C109/C109M.C10/C10M 13311. Keywords11.1 hydraulic cement; natural cement; specificationSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee C01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,C10/C10M09, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved A

40、pril 1, 2010)(1) Revised Sections 1, 7, 9, and Table 1.Committee C01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,C1007, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved June 1, 2009)(1) Revised the standard as a dual unit specification.ASTM Inte

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42、 their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand shou

43、ld be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Stan

44、dards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).C10/C10M 134