ASTM B413-1997a(2012) Standard Specification for Refined Silver《精炼银标准规格》.pdf

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1、Designation: B413 97a (Reapproved 2012)Standard Specification forRefined Silver1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B413; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parent

2、heses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers refined silver cast bar2form inthree grades as follows:1.1.1 Grade 99.90 (UNS P07020)Silver having a mini-mum fineness of 999

3、.0 commonly referred to as “commercialbar” or “bullion.”1.1.2 Grade 99.95 (UNS P07015)Silver having a mini-mum fineness of 999.5.1.1.3 Grade 99.99 (UNS P07010)A premium grade hav-ing a minimum fineness of 999.9.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.1.3 This standard

4、 does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to become familiarwith all hazards, including those identified in the appropriateMaterial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/materialas provided by the

5、 manufacturer, to establish appropriatesafety and health practices, and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE378 Test Method for

6、Spectrographic Analysis of Silver bythe Powder Technique (Withdrawn 2004)43. Materials and Manufacture3.1 The silver shall be produced by any process that yieldsa product capable of meeting the requirements of this specifi-cation.3.2 The bars shall be of a quality generally acceptable to thetrade.3.

7、3 The manufacturer shall use care to have each shipmentof as uniform quality as possible.4. Chemical Composition4.1 The refined silver shall conform to the chemical com-position prescribed in Table 1.5. Lots5.1 A single melt shall constitute a lot for sampling.6. Method of Analysis6.1 The compositio

8、n of the bars or samples shall be deter-mined by any destructive or nondestructive method agreedupon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. Unlessotherwise specifically agreed, chemical methods will be usedfor analysis. The chemical composition of the materials setforth in this specification sh

9、all be determined, in case ofdisagreement, in accordance with Test Method E378. Theselection of methods for the determination of elements notcovered by that test method shall be a matter of agreementbetween the manufacturer and the purchaser.7. Sampling7.1 The value of this material is such that spe

10、cial attentionmust be paid to sampling procedures. If the purchaser and themanufacturer agree that samples most representative of theassay value of a melt are required, the samples should be takenfrom the silver melt as it is ready for pouring into molds. Thesamples should consist of shot or cast pi

11、ns.7.2 On agreement between manufacturer and purchaser, analternative sampling procedure may be used.7.3 The amount of sample taken shall be sufficient to supplythree portions for analysis; the mass of each portion shall besufficient to permit the determination of its composition as setforth in Tabl

12、e 1.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 onNonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeB02.05 on Precious Metals and Electrical Contact Materials.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012. Published November 2012. Originallyapproved in 1964

13、. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as B413 97a (2008).DOI: 10.1520/B0413-97AR12.2Other forms of unfabricated silver of commerce are not to be excluded underthis specification.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.or

14、g. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-29

15、59. United States17.4 After mixing thoroughly, the sample shall be dividedinto three parts, each placed in a package and sealed, one forthe manufacturer, one for the purchaser, and one for theumpire.8. Product Marking8.1 A brand shall be cast or otherwise legibly marked uponeach bar, by which the ma

16、nufacturer can be identified. The barshall be marked with the minimum fineness together with themelt number, bar number, and weight to the nearest 0.1 oz troy.9. Claims9.1 Claims to be considered shall be made to the manufac-turer in writing within 30 days of receipt of the material at thepurchasers

17、 plant, and the results of the tests made by thepurchaser shall accompany such claims. The manufacturershall be given 1 week from the date of receipt of the complaintto investigate his records, and shall then agree either to satisfythe claim or to submit samples to an umpire. No claim shall beconsid

18、ered unless a portion of the original silver bars can beshown to the representative of the manufacturer.9.2 Where the silver satisfies the requirements of thisspecification, it shall not be condemned for defects in theproducts in which it is used.10. Investigation of Claims10.1 In a question of chem

19、ical composition, a new sampleshall be drawn by representatives of both parties in accordancewith Section 7. The properly mixed and quartered sample shallbe separated into three parts, each of which shall be placed ina sealed package, one for the manufacturer, one for thepurchaser, and one for an um

20、pire, if necessary. The manufac-turer and the purchaser shall each make an analysis, and if theresults do not establish or dismiss the claim to the satisfactionof both parties, the third sample shall be submitted to amutually agreeable umpire, who shall determine the questionof fact, and whose deter

21、mination shall be final.11. Settlement of Claims11.1 The expenses of the manufacturers representative andof the umpire shall be paid by the loser or divided in proportionto the concession made in case of compromise. In the case ofrejection being established, the damages shall be limited to thepaymen

22、t of freight both ways by the producer for substitutionof an equivalent weight of silver conforming to this specifica-tion.APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. SAMPLINGX1.1 When sampling is to be done on bars, the samplingpreferably shall be by drilling. This shall be done by aprocedure that will a

23、void errors due to segregation of impuri-ties within the bars and also will avoid surface contamination.X1.2 Drilling ProcedureAt least one bar of each meltshall be sampled. The bar or bars to be drilled shall bethoroughly brushed with a stiff fiber brush having bristleswhich are set in a nonmetalli

24、c holder.X1.3 Single BarThe bar shall be drilled at least six timeswith a 0.635 cm high-speed drill in a pattern similar to thatshown in Fig. X1.1. Three holes shall be drilled half waythrough the top face of the bar for the hole positions marked“T.” The bar shall be turned end over end and three ho

25、lesdrilled through the bottom face for the positions marked “B.”The bar shall be drilled while on a clear surface of a materialsuch as polyethylene sheeting or a lint-free paper.X1.4 Several Bars From Same MeltThe same precautionsand procedure as that outlined for single bars shall be followed,excep

26、t that the drillings representing the different orientation ofthe bar will be made on six different bars. For example, whensix bars are sampled, the sampling positions corresponding tothose in Fig. X1.1 are used except that only one hole will bedrilled in each bar corresponding to one of the six pos

27、itions.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsNOTE 1The following applies to all specified limits in this table: Forpurposes of determining conformance with this specification, an observedvalue obtained from analysis shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” inthe last right-hand place of figures used in exp

28、ressing the limiting value,in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.ElementA,BComposition, %Grade99.90(UNSP07020)Grade99.95(UNSP07015)Grade99.99(UNSP07010)Silver, min 99.90 99.95 99.99Silver and copper, min 99.95 . .Bismuth, max 0.001 0.001 0.0005Copper, max 0.08 0.04 0.010Iron, ma

29、x 0.002 0.002 0.001Lead, max 0.025 0.015 0.001Palladium, max . . 0.001Selenium, max . . 0.0005Tellurium, max . . 0.0005AImpurities other than those listed above may be included by special agreementbetween purchaser and manufacturer.BIn this specification, it is to be noted that while oxygen is neith

30、er specified nordetermined analytically, it is known to be present in the refined silver. Whencalculating the purity of refined silver by difference, oxygen will be considered assilver.B413 97a (2012)2ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in conne

31、ction with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsi

32、ble technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful co

33、nsideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100

34、 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).T in circleHole position in top of bar.B in broken circleHole position in bottom of bar.FIG. X1.1 Sample Drilling TemplateB413 97a (2012)3