ASTM B22-2008 Standard Specification for Bronze Castings for Bridges and Turntables.pdf

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1、Designation: B 22 08Standard Specification forBronze Castings for Bridges and Turntables1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 22; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number

2、in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification establishes requirements for bronzecastin

3、gs for turntables, movable bridges and bridge parts, andbronze castings suitable for use in bridges and other structuresfor fixed and expansion bearings in which motion is slow andintermittent. The following Copper Alloys are specified: UNSNo. C86300, C90500, C91100, C91300, and C93700.NOTE 1Histori

4、cally, the alloys in this specification have been used inthe applications listed in Appendix X1. Actual practice may vary.21.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, e

5、achsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to es

6、tablish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents in the current issue of theBook of Standards form a part of this specification to the extentreferenced herein:2.2 ASTM Standards

7、:3B 208 Practice for Preparing Tension Test Specimens forCopper Alloy Sand, Permanent Mold, Centrifugal, andContinuous CastingsB 824 Specification for General Requirements for CopperAlloy CastingsB 846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysE 8/E 8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of MetallicMater

8、ialsE10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materi-alsE 255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys forthe Determination of Chemical CompositionE 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in theUnified Numbering System (UNS)3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms related to cop

9、per alloys, refer toTerminology B 846.4. General Requirements4.1 The following sections of Specification B 824 form apart of this specification. In the event of a conflict between thisspecification and Specification B 824, the requirements of thisspecification shall take precedence.4.1.1 Terminology

10、 (Section 3),4.1.2 Other Requirements (Section 7),4.1.3 Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations (Sec-tion 8),4.1.4 Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance (Section 9),4.1.5 Sampling (Section 10),4.1.6 Number of Tests and Retests (Section 11),4.1.7 Specimen Preparation (Section 12),4.1.8 Test Method

11、s (Section 13),4.1.9 Significance of Numerical Limits (Section 14),4.1.10 Inspection (Section 15),4.1.11 Rejection and Rehearing (Section 16),4.1.12 Certification (Section 17),4.1.13 Test Report (Section 18),4.1.14 Product Marking (Section 19),4.1.15 Packaging and Package Marking (Section 20),4.1.16

12、 Keywords (Section 21), and1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copperand Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.05 onCastings and Ingots for Remelting.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published November 2008. Originallyapproved in 1

13、936. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as B 22 02.This specification was prepared in cooperation with representatives of theAmerican Association of State Highway Officials and the American RailwayEngineering Association.2The UNS system for copper and copper alloys (see Practice E 527) is a simp

14、leexpansion of the former standard designation system accomplished by the additionof a prefix “C” and a suffix “00.” The suffix can be used to accommodatecomposition variations of the base alloy.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at

15、serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,

16、 United States.4.1.17 Supplementary Requirements.5. Ordering Information5.1 Include the following information when placing orderfor castings products under this specification:5.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue (for example,B 22-95),5.1.2 Number of castings or total weight, for each size andfor

17、m,5.1.3 Copper Alloy UNS Number (see Table 1), and5.1.4 Pattern or drawing number and condition (as-cast,machined, and so forth).5.1.5 When material is purchased for agencies of the U.S.government, the Supplementary Requirements in SpecificationB 824 may be specified.5.2 The following are optional a

18、nd should be specified inthe purchase order when required:5.2.1 Chemical analysis of residual elements (see 7.6),5.2.2 Soundness requirements (Specification B 824),5.2.3 Certification (Specification B 824),5.2.4 Foundry test report (Specification B 824),5.2.5 Witness inspection (Specification B 824)

19、, and5.2.6 Product marking (Specification B 824).6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Material(s):6.1.1 The material of manufacture shall be a casting ofCopper Alloy UNS No.(s) C86300, C90500, C91100, C91300,or C93700 of such purity and soundness as to be suitable forprocessing in to the products prescri

20、bed herein.6.1.2 In the event heat identification or traceability isrequired, the purchaser shall specify the details desired.6.2 Manufacture:6.2.1 The product shall be manufactured by such castingmethods to produce a uniform finished product.7. Chemical Composition7.1 The castings shall conform to

21、the compositional require-ments for named elements as shown in Table 1 for the CopperAlloy UNS Numbers specified in the purchase order.7.2 These specification limits do not preclude the presenceof other elements. Limits may be established and analysisrequired for unnamed elements agreed upon between

22、 themanufacturer or supplier and the purchaser.7.3 Copper or zinc may be taken as the difference betweenthe sum of all elements determined and 100 % for CopperAlloy UNS No. C86300.7.4 Copper may be taken as the difference between the sumof all elements determined and 100 % for Copper Alloy UNSNos. C

23、90500, C91100, C91300, and C93700.7.5 When all named elements listed in Table 1 are deter-mined their sum shall be as given in Table 2.7.6 It is recognized that residual elements may be present incast copper-base alloys. Analysis shall be made for residualelements only when specified in the inquiry

24、or purchase order.8. Mechanical Property Requirements8.1 Mechanical properties shall be determined from castings(continuous casting method) or separately cast test bars (sand,centrifugal, etc., casting methods) and shall meet the require-ments shown in Table 3.8.2 The deformation limit in compressio

25、n shall be deter-mined as that load which produces a permanent set of 0.001 in.(0.025 mm) in the compression test specimen described in 9.3.8.3 The yield strength in tension shall be determined as thestress producing an elongation under load of 0.5 %, that is,0.01 in. (0.254 mm) in a gage length of

26、2 in. (50.8 mm).8.4 Finished castings in Copper Alloy UNS No. C86300shall be tested for Brinell hardness.8.5 One compression test shall be made from each lot forCopper Alloy UNS Nos. C91100 and C91300 castings and onetension test from each lot for Copper Alloy UNS No. C90500castings. For Copper Allo

27、y UNS No. C86300 castings, onetension test, one compression test, and two hardness tests shallbe made for each four castings from the same lot and the samepattern. For castings of any grade weighing over 100 lb (45 kg)finished, the specified tests shall be made for each casting.TABLE 1 Chemical Requ

28、irementsCopperAlloyUNSNo.Composition, % max, except as indicatedMajor Elements Residual ElementsCopper Tin Lead Zinc IronNickelIncludingCobaltAlumi-numMan-ganeseIronAnti-monyNickelIncl.CobaltSulfurPhos-pho-rusAlu-mi-numSili-conC86300 60.066.0 0.20 0.20 22.028.0 2.04.0 . 5.07.5 2.55.0 . . 1.0A. . . .

29、C90500 86.089.0 9.011.0 0.30 1.03.0 . 1.0A. . 0.20 0.20 . 0.05 0.05B0.005 0.005C91100 82.085.0 15.017.0 0.25 0.25 . 0.50A. . 0.25 0.20 . 0.05 1.0B0.005 0.005C91300 79.082.0 18.020.0 0.25 0.25 . 0.50A. . 0.25 0.20 . 0.05 1.0B0.005 0.005C93700 78.082.0 9.011.0 8.011.0 0.8 . 0.50 . . 0.7C0.50 . 0.08 0.

30、10B0.005 0.005AIn determining copper minimum, copper may be calculated as copper plus nickel.BFor continuous castings, phosphorus shall be 1.5 % max.CFe shall be .35 % max. when used for steel-backed.TABLE 2 Sum of All Named Elements AnalyzedElements, % minCopper Alloy UNS No.Copper Plus NamedC86300

31、 99.0C90500 99.7C91100 99.4C91300 99.4C93700 99.0B220829. Sampling9.1 Sampling shall be accordance with the requirements ofPractice E 255.9.2 CopperAlloy UNS No. C86300 test bar castings shall becast to the form and dimensions shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2 ofPractice B 208. For all other alloys listed i

32、n this specification,test bars shall be cast to the form and dimensions shown in Fig.2, Fig. 3, or Fig. 4 of Practice B 208.9.3 Compression test specimens for Copper Alloy UNS No.C86300, C91100, and C91300 shall be cylinders 1 in.2(506.7mm2) in cross-sectional area, and 1 in. (25.4 mm) in height and

33、shall be cast as an integral part of the casting and shall be fedand cooled under the same conditions as the casting.10. Test Methods10.1 Analytical chemical methods are given in SpecificationB 824.10.2 Brinell hardness testing of Copper Alloy UNS No.C86300 castings shall be performed in accordance

34、with TestMethod E10with the exception that the load shall be 3000 kgand shall be applied for 30 s to a finished plane surface.10.3 Test methods to be followed for the determination ofelements resulting from contractual or purchase order agree-ment shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturer ors

35、upplier and the purchaser.11. Casting Repair11.1 The castings shall not be repaired without approval ofthe purchaser.12. Keywords12.1 bridge plates; bronze castings; copper-alloy castings;copper-base alloy castings; expansion bearingsAPPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. APPLICATIONS FOR ALLOYS IN

36、 THIS STANDARDX1.1 The alloys in this specification have historically beenused in the following applications. This information is pro-vided for “information only” and should not be considered asrecommendations.X1.1.1 Copper Alloy UNS No. C91300 (Formerly AlloyA)For contact with hardened steel disks

37、at low speeds underpressures not over 3 ksi (20 MPa), for example, disk-bearingmetals used in center-bearing swing bridges.X1.1.2 Copper Alloy UNS No. C91100 (Formerly AlloyB)For contact with hardened steel disks at low speeds underpressures not over 2.5 ksi (17 MPa), for example, disk-bearingmetals

38、 used in turntable and center-bearing swing bridges; forcontact with steel (tensile strength 60 ksi (415 MPa), min) atlow speeds under pressures not over 1.5 ksi (10 MPa), forexample, trunnions of movable bridges; and for bearing andexpansion plates under pressures not to exceed 2.5 ksi.X1.1.3 Coppe

39、r Alloy UNS No. C90500 (Formerly AlloyD)For gears, worm wheels, nuts, and similar parts that aresubjected to other than compressive stresses.X1.1.4 Copper Alloy UNS No. C86300 (Formerly AlloyE)For bushings for bridge pins and similar applications inwhich angular movement is slight and compressive st

40、ressesmay attain 8 ksi (55 MPa).X1.1.5 Copper Alloy UNS No. C93700 (Formerly AlloyC)For ordinary machinery bearings and for bearing andexpansion plates under pressures not to exceed 1 ksi (6.9 MPa).TABLE 3 Mechanical RequirementsCopper AlloyUNS No.Tensile Strength, min.Yield Strength, at 0.05 % Exte

41、nsionUnder Load, minElongation in2 in. (50 mm), %Brinell Hardness,minCompression DeformationLimit, minksiA(MPa)BksiA(MPa)BksiA(MPa)BC86300 110 (760) 60 (415) 12 223 (3000 kg) 55 (380)C90500 40 (275) 18 (125) 20 . . .C91100 . . . . . . 18 (125)C91300 . . . . . . 24 (165)C93700 30 (207) 12 (83) 15 . .

42、 .A1 ksi = 1000 psi.BSee Appendix X1.B22083X2. METRIC EQUIVALENTSX2.1 The SI unit for strength properties now shown is inaccordance with the International System of Units (SI). Thederived SI unit for force is the newton (N), which is defined asthat force which, when applied to a body having a mass o

43、f 1 kg,gives it an acceleration of 1 m/s2(N = kgm/s2). The derivedSI unit for pressure or stress is the newton per square metre(N/m2), which has been named the pascal (Pa) by the GeneralConference on Weights and Measures. Since 1 ksi = 6 894 757Pa, the metric equivalents are expressed as megapascal

44、(MPa),which is the same as MN/m2and N/mm2.SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee B05 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (B 22 02)that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved October 1, 2008.)(1) Comprehensive 5-year review completed. Some rewordingto co

45、nform to the new Form and Style for ASTM Standards(Blue Book). Grammar and Spelling mistakes were corrected.(2) Table 1, Chemical Requirements, has been changed toreflect the current CDA Standard Designations. Some requiredchemical compositions have been changed.ASTM International takes no position

46、respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.Th

47、is standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM Int

48、ernational Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown

49、 below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).B22084