ASTM B1-2001(2007) Standard Specification for Hard-Drawn Copper Wire《硬拔铜线标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: B 1 01 (Reapproved 2007)Standard Specification forHard-Drawn Copper Wire1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 1; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in p

2、arentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers hard-drawn round copper wirefor electrical purposes.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound or SI units are to beregarded s

3、eparately as standard. Each system shall be usedindependently of the other. Combining values from the twosystems may result in non-conformance with the specification.For conductor sizes designated by AWG or kcmil sizes, therequirements in SI units are numerically converted from thecorresponding requ

4、irements in inch-pound units. For conductorsizes designation by AWG or kcmil, the requirements in SIunits have been numerically converted from correspondingvalues stated or derived in inch-pound units. For conductorsizes designated by SI units only, the requirements are stated orderived in SI units.

5、1.2.1 For density, resistivity and temperature, the valuesstated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B49 Specification for Copper Rod Drawing Stock forElectrical PurposesB 193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical ConductorMaterialsB 258 Specific

6、ation for Nominal Diameters and Cross-Sectional Areas of AWG Sizes of Solid Round Wires Usedas Electrical Conductors2.2 National Institute of Standards and Technology:NBS Handbook 100 Copper Wire Tables33. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall includethe followin

7、g information:3.1.1 Quantity of each size,3.1.2 Wire size: diameter in inches (5.4 and Table 1),3.1.3 Type of copper, if special (Section 4),3.1.4 Whether certification of resistivity of rod stock isacceptable instead of resistivity tests on the finished wire (6.2),3.1.5 Package size (8.1),3.1.6 Spe

8、cial package marking, if required, and3.1.7 Place of inspection (7.1).4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 The material shall be copper of such quality and puritythat the finished product shall have the properties and charac-teristics prescribed in this specification.NOTE 1Specification B49defines the ma

9、terials suitable for use.5. General Requirements (see Section 8)5.1 Tensile Strength and ElongationThe wire shall con-form to the requirements as to tensile strength and elongationprescribed in Table 1 (see Explanatory Note 1 and Note 2). Forwire whose nominal diameter is more than 0.001 in. (1 mil)

10、(0.025 mm) greater than a size listed in Table 1 and less thanthat of the next larger size, the requirements of the next largersize shall apply.5.2 JointsNo joints shall be made in the completed wire(see Explanatory Note 3). Joints in the wire and rods madeprior to final drawing shall be in accordan

11、ce with the bestcommercial practice. Tests on a specimen containing a jointshall show at least 95% of the tensile strength given in Table 1.Elongation tests shall not be made on a specimen containing ajoint.5.3 ResistivityThe electrical resistivity at 20C shall notexceed the following values:Nominal

12、 Diameter, in. Resistivity at 20C,Vlb/mile20.460 to 0.325, inclUnder 0.325 to 0.0403, incl900.77910.15Nominal Diameter, in. Resistivity at 20C,Vg/m211.68 to 8.25, inclUnder 8.25 to 1.02, incl0.157750.159405.4 Dimensions and Permissible VariationsThe wire sizesshall be expressed as the diameter of th

13、e wire in decimalfractions of an inch to the nearest 0.0001 in. (or 0.001 mm) (seeExplanatory Note 4). Within the range of diameters given in1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B01 onElectrical Conductors and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B01.04 onConductor

14、s of Copper and Copper Alloys.Current edition approved March 15, 2007. Published April 2007. Originallyapproved in 1909. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as B101.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual

15、 Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from the National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port RoyalRoad, Springfield, VA 22161.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 1

16、9428-2959, United States.Table 1, the wire shall not vary from the specified diameter bymore than plus and minus 1 %, expressed to the nearest 0.0001in. (or 0.001 mm).5.5 FinishThe wire shall be free of all imperfections notconsistent with the best commercial practice.6. Test Methods6.1 Tensile Stre

17、ngth and Elongation:6.1.1 Obtain the tensile strength, expressed in pounds persquare inch, by dividing the maximum load carried by thespecimen during the tension test, by the original cross-sectionalarea of the specimen. Tensile strength and elongation may bedetermined simultaneously on the same spe

18、cimen.6.1.2 Determine the elongation of the wire as the permanentincrease in length due to the breaking of the wire in tension,measured between gage marks placed originally 10 in. (250mm) apart upon the test specimen (see Explanatory Note 5).6.1.3 If any part of the fracture takes place outside the

19、gagemarks or in the jaws of the testing machine, or if an examina-tion of the specimen indicates a flaw, the value obtained maynot be representative of the material. In such cases the test maybe discarded and a new test made.6.2 ResistivityDetermine the electrical resistivity of thematerial in accor

20、dance with Test Method B 193 (see Explana-tory Note 6). The purchaser may accept certification that thewire was drawn from rod stock meeting the InternationalStandard forAnnealed Copper instead of resistivity tests on thefinished wire.6.3 Dimensional MeasurementsDimensional measure-ments shall be ma

21、de with equipment capable of measuring toa graduation of 0.0001 in. (0.001 mm). Take measurements onat least three places on each unit selected for this test. Ifaccessible, take one measurement on each end and one near themiddle. The average of the three measurements shall determinecompliance with t

22、he requirements.6.4 Surface FinishMake a surface-finish inspection withthe unaided eye (normal spectacles accepted).7. Inspection7.1 General (see Explanatory Note 7)Unless otherwisespecified in the contract or purchaser order, the manufacturershall be responsible for the performance of all inspectio

23、n andtest requirements specified.7.1.1 All inspections and tests shall be made at the place ofmanufacture unless otherwise specifically agreed to betweenthe manufacturer and the purchaser at the time of the purchase.7.1.2 The manufacturer shall afford the inspector represent-ing the purchaser all re

24、asonable manufacturers facilities tosatisfy him that the material is being furnished in accordancewith this specification.7.1.3 Unless otherwise agreed upon between the purchaserand the manufacturer, conformance of the wire to the variousrequirements listed in Section 5 shall be determined on sample

25、staken from each lot of wire presented for acceptance.7.1.4 The manufacturer shall, if requested prior to inspec-tion, certify that all wire in the lot was made under suchTABLE 1 Tensile PropertiesDiameterAArea at 20CNominal TensileStrengthB(see ExplanatoryNote 2)NominalElongation,%Bin. mm cmil in.2

26、mm2psi MPa in 10 in. (250 mm)0.4600 11.684 211 600 0.1662 107.0 49 000 340 3.80.4096 10.464 167 800 0.1318 85.0 51 000 350 3.30.3648 9.266 133 100 0.1045 67.4 52 800 365 2.80.3249 8.252 105 600 0.08291 53.5 54 500 375 2.40.2893 7.348 83 690 0.06573 42.4 56 100 385 2.20.2576 6.543 66 360 0.05213 33.6

27、 57 600 395 2.00.2294 5.827 52 620 0.04133 26.7 59 000 405 1.80.2043 5.189 41 740 0.03278 21.2 60 100 415 1.70.1819 4.620 33 090 0.02599 16.8 61 200 420 1.60.1650* 4.191 27 220 0.02138 13.8 62 000 425 1.50.1620 4.115 26 240 0.02061 13.3 62 100 430 1.40.1443 3.665 20 820 0.01635 10.5 63 000 435 1.30.

28、1340* 3.404 17 960 0.01410 9.10 63 400 435 1.30.1285 3.264 16 510 0.01297 8.37 63 700 440 1.30.1144 2.906 13 090 0.01028 6.63 64 300 445 1.20.1040* 2.642 10 820 0.008495 5.48 64 800 445 1.20.1019 2.588 10 380 0.008155 5.26 64 900 445 1.20.0920* 2.387 8 460 0.00665 4.29 65 400 450 1.10.0907 2.304 8 2

29、30 0.00646 4.17 65 400 450 1.10.0808 2.052 6 530 0.00513 3.31 65 700 455 1.10.0800* 2.032 6 400 0.00503 3.24 65 700 455 1.10.0720 1.829 5 180 0.00407 2.63 65 900 455 1.10.0650* 1.651 4 220 0.00332 2.14 66 200 455 1.00.0641 1.628 4 110 0.00323 2.08 66 200 455 1.00.0571 1.450 3 260 0.00256 1.65 66 400

30、 460 1.00.0508 1.290 2 580 0.00203 1.31 66 600 460 1.00.0453 1.151 2 050 0.00161 1.04 66 800 460 1.00.0403 1.024 1 620 0.00128 0.823 67 000 460 1.0AThe diameters marked by asterisks (*) are often employed by purchasers for communication lines, but are not in the American Wire Gage (B however, any in

31、dividual production unit, thespecimen from which has a tensile strength less than theappropriate tensile strength value in Table 1 minus 1700 psi (12MPa) shall be rejected.9.1.1.1 The lot shall be considered to have failed to meet thetensile conformance criterion if the average of the fourspecimens

32、is less than the tensile strength in Table 1 minus 400psi (3 MPa) and the tensile strength of any of the individualspecimens is less than the value in Table 1 minus 1700 psi (12MPa).9.1.1.2 If the average of the four specimens is less than thetensile strength in Table 1 minus 400 psi (3 MPa) and the

33、tensile strength of each of the individual specimens is equal toor more than the value in Table 1 minus 1700 psi (12 MPa), sixadditional specimens from six production units other than thefour originally sampled shall be tested. The lot shall beconsidered conforming if the tensile strength of each of

34、 the tenspecimens is not less than the appropriate tensile strength valuein Table 1 minus 1700 psi and the average of the ten specimensis not less than the value in Table 1 minus 400 psi. The lot shallbe considered to have failed to meet the tensile strengthrequirement if the tensile strength of any

35、 of the individualspecimens is less than the value in Table 1 minus 1700 psi orif the average of the ten specimens is less than the value inTable 1 minus 400 psi.9.1.2 ElongationThe lot shall be considered conformingif the average elongation of the four specimens is not less thanthe appropriate elon

36、gation value in Table 1 minus 0.1 percent-age points; however, any individual production unit, thespecimen from which has an elongation less than the appro-priate elongation value in Table 1 minus 0.2 percentage pointsshall be rejected.TABLE 2 Sampling for Dimensional MeasurementsNumber of Units in

37、LotFirst Sample Second SampleNumber ofUnits in Sample,n1Allowable Numberof Defects inFirst Sample, c1Number of Unitsin Sample, n2n, plus n2AllowableNumber ofDefects in BothSamples, c21 to 14, incl all 0 . . .15 to 50, incl 14 0 . . .51 to 100, incl 19 0 23 42 1101 to 200, incl 24 0 46 70 2210 to 400

38、, incl 29 0 76 105 3401 to 800, incl 33 0 112 145 4Over 800 34 0 116 150 4TABLE 3 Sampling for Surface Finish and Packaging InspectionNumber of Unitsin LotNumber of Units inSample, nAllowable Numberof DefectiveUnits, c1 to 30, incl all 031 to 50, incl 30 051 to 100, incl 37 0101 to 200, incl 40 0201

39、 to 300, incl 70 1301 to 500, incl 100 2501 to 800, incl 130 3Over 800 155 4B 1 01 (2007)39.1.2.1 The lot shall be considered to have failed to meet theelongation conformance criterion if the average of the fourspecimens is less than the appropriate elongation value in Table1 minus 0.1 percentage po

40、ints the elongation of any of theindividual specimens is less than the elongation value in Table1 minus 0.2 percentage points.9.1.2.2 If the average of the four specimens is less than theappropriate elongation value in Table 1 minus 0.1 percentagepoints and the elongation of each of the individual s

41、pecimensis equal to or more than the elongation value in Table 1 minus0.2 percentage points, six additional specimens from sixproduction units other than the four originally sampled shall betested. The lot shall be considered conforming if the elongationof each of the ten specimens is not less than

42、the appropriateelongation value in Table 1 minus 0.2 percentage points and theaverage of the ten specimens is not less than the value in Table1 minus 0.1 percentage points. The lot shall be considered tohave failed to meet the elongation requirement if any of the tenspecimens is less than the approp

43、riate elongation value in Table1 minus 0.2 percentage points or if the average of the tenspecimens is lessthan the elongation value in Table 1 minus 0.1percentage points.9.1.3 ResistivityThe electrical resistivity of each of thefour specimens shall conform to the requirements of 5.3.Failure to meet

44、this requirement shall constitute failure to meetthe resistivity conformance criterion.9.1.4 DimensionsThe dimensions of the first sample(Table 2) shall conform to the requirements of 5.4. If there areno failures, the lot conforms to this requirement. If there arefailures but the number of these doe

45、s not exceed the allowabledefect number, c2(Table 2), for the respective number of unitsin the sample, a second sample equal to n2shall be taken andthe total defects of the n1plus n2units shall not exceed theallowable defect number, c2. Failure to meet this requirementshall constitute failure to mee

46、t the dimensional conformancecriterion.9.1.5 Surface FinishThe surface finish of the samplestaken in accordance with Table 3 shall conform to the require-ments of 5.5. The number of units in the sample showingsurface defects not consistent with commercial practice shallnot exceed the allowable defec

47、t number, c,inTable 3. Failureto meet this requirement shall constitute failure to meet thesurface-finish conformance criterion.9.1.6 PackagingConformance to the packaging require-ments specified by the purchaser shall be determined inaccordance with Table 3. The number of units in the sampleshowing

48、 nonconformance to the requirement shall not exceedthe allowable defect number, c,inTable 3. Failure to meet thisrequirement shall constitute failure to meet the packagingconformance criterion.10. Density10.1 For the purpose of calculating mass per unit length,cross sections, etc., the density of th

49、e copper shall be taken as8.89 g/cm3(0.32117 lb/in.3) at 20C (see Explanatory Note 9).11. Keywords11.1 copper electrical conductor; copper wire; electricalconductor; electrical conductorcopper; hard-drawn copperwire.EXPLANATORY NOTESNOTE 1Other tests than those provided in this specification have beenconsidered at various times, such as twist tests, wrap tests, tests for elasticlimit, etc. It is the opinion of the committee that twist and wrap tests onhard-drawn wire do not serve a useful purpose and should be regarded asundesirable, as well as inconclusive a