ASTM A610-1979(2009) Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Ferroalloys for Determination of Size《尺寸测量用铁合金的取样和试验的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: A610 79 (Reapproved 2009)Standard Test Methods forSampling and Testing Ferroalloys for Determination of Size1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A610; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the

2、 year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the samplingand testing of the various ferroalloys for sizing, either

3、 before orafter shipment from the plants of the manufacturers.1.2 They are designed to give results representative of eachlot that will be comparable with the manufacturers certifiedanalysis for the same lot.1.3 The purchaser may use any sampling procedure hedesires, but the results obtained on such

4、 samples shall not be abasis for complaint or rejection, unless the procedure followedis of an accuracy equivalent to that prescribed in these testmethods.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units

5、that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4.1 ExceptionThe SI units that correspond to mesh sizesin Table 1 are to be regarded as standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility o

6、f the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSievesE32 Practices for Sampling Ferroalloys

7、and Steel Additivesfor Determination of Chemical Composition3. Unit Quantities for Sampling and Testing3.1 Each shipment, except as otherwise agreed upon by thepurchaser and the manufacturer, shall constitute a unit forsampling and testing. It is recommended that shipments of anyalloy exceeding 100

8、tons (91 000 kg) be divided into smallerlots for sampling according to some plan best adapted to thematerial and conditions, such as each cast, each carload, eachladleful or each binful. The division of samples should be inaccordance with Practices E32.4. Sampling for Size Analysis4.1 LumpsConforman

9、ce of lump material to sizing stan-dards normally shall be judged by visual examination. Theinspection judgment shall be made on an increment selected atrandom. Unless otherwise required, the increment shall be thecontents of a unit container of 2000 lb (910 kg) minimumquantity. When more precise da

10、ta are required for checking onthe visual examination, a sizing test shall be made on materialfrom a unit container (usually 2000 to 3000 lb (910 to 1360 kg)of alloy) selected at random.4.2 Crushed or PlatesSampling for conformance ofcrushed or plates material to size requirements shall be inaccorda

11、nce with Practices E32 or by alternative methods whichare demonstrated to yield equivalent results. A representativeportion of the lot sample (before any reduction in particle size)shall be obtained for screen testing. If necessary, the percentageof sample taken shall be increased to provide suffici

12、ent samplein the half reserved for screen testing.4.2.1 Table 1 lists the amount of material that is to be usedfor size analysis.4.2.2 If the top size of the material is 2 in. (50.8 mm) orsmaller, the portion for screen test shall be taken from the lotsample by riffling; in larger sizes, by mixing a

13、nd quartering.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 onSteel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and are the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee A01.18 on Castings.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published January 2010. Originallyapproved in 1970. Last previous

14、edition approved in 2004 as A610 79 (2004).DOI: 10.1520/A0610-79R09.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM w

15、ebsite.TABLE 1 Amount of Material Required for TestingUpper Limit of Size Category, in.(mm)Amount for TestingLarger than 2 in. (50.8 mm) 200 lb (91 kg) (min)12 to 2 in. (12.7 to 50.8 mm) 50 to 100 lb (23 to 45 kg)A14 to12 in. (6.35 to 12.7 mm) 25 to 50 lb (12 to 23 kg)A4 mesh 700 to 1000 gA20 mesh 3

16、00 to 500 gA48 mesh 100 to 300 gA100 mesh 50 to 150 gA200 mesh 50 to 100 gAAThe larger amounts are to be used for testing alloys of high specific gravity(50 % ferrosilicon and higher density); the smaller amounts are to be used for lightalloys and metals (for example, calcium silicon and silicon met

17、al).1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Prior to riffling, the starting amount each time must be mixedby coning at least twice.5. Testing for Size Analysis5.1 Samples used for screen testing must be dry. If there isa ques

18、tion as to whether the material is suitably dry, a criterionof 0.25 % loss in weight at 230F (110C) applies.5.2 With respect to size characteristics, ferroalloys areusually classified as either “lump” or “crushed” sizes.Althoughthe line of demarcation may vary somewhat, the crushedcategory refers us

19、ually to those sizes that have an upper limitof 4 in. (102 mm) or less. The lump sizes involve all of theother categories that are coarser than 4 in. in top size.5.3 LumpsUsing either weight or lineal measurements ascriterion, hand select all pieces from the container that exceedthe upper limit of t

20、his size category. Determine the total weightpercent of the oversize material for conformance against themaximum permitted by these test methods. Determine theamount of undersize by accumulating all pieces from theoriginal container that pass through a grid with an opening thesame as the dimension g

21、iven as the lower limit for the sizeunder test. Then compare the weight percent of this undersizewith the test method requirements.5.4 Crushed or Plates:5.4.1 EquipmentScreens used in size analysis shall be inconformance with Specification E11.5.4.2 Procedure:5.4.2.1 It is customary practice to use

22、a nest of screens thatdivides the sample into several size fractions. For coarse sizes,the next is usually rocked by hand about 25 times, removingthe top screen, and weighing the amount retained each time.Mechanically driven screen vibrators may be used provided thetime is kept to an absolute minimu

23、m in the case of the morefriable alloys to prevent excessive formation of fines fromabrasion. For sizes less than14 in. (6.35 mm), the test is usuallymade on a machine that causes particle movement relative tothe screens by circular motion and intermittent tapping. Asieving time of 10 min or more is

24、 required. In determiningsieving time or end point, the criterion is that an additionalperiod of testing does not change the results on any sieve usedin the analysis by more than 2 % of the previous value. Eachsieve is to be checked for complete sieving.5.4.2.2 Intermediate fractions, that is, those

25、 between theoversize and undersize amounts, are not covered by specifica-tions, but the use of intermediate screens helps preventoverloading the bottom screen. It may be necessary to add thesample in several increments or empty the various screens oneor more times during the operation, or both. Exce

26、ssive timesfor completion of screening are usually the result of overload-ing one or more screens.6. Keywords6.1 crushed; ferroalloys; lump; plates; sampling; sieving;size; sizingASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item me

27、ntionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committe

28、e and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeti

29、ng of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO

30、 Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).A610 79 (2009)2